Sɛ wokenkan atesɛm krataa anaa wohwɛ mfɛnsere mu a, so nsensanee tẽẽ a ɛwɔ mu no te sɛ nea atrɛw kakra na ayɛ nsensanee? So mmeae bi yɛ tuntum anaasɛ ɛte sɛ mmeae a hwee nni hɔ? Sɛ wote nka sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi a, mmu w’ani ngu so kɛkɛ. Efisɛ ebetumi ayɛ ɔhaw wɔ w’ani fã bi a ɛho hia yiye ho. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka sɔhwɛ bi a ɛnyɛ den koraa a ɛbɛboa wo ma woahu ɔhaw a ɛte saa wɔ fie ntɛm ho asɛm.
Dɛn ne Amsler Grid yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Amsler grid no yɛ adwinnade a wɔde hwehwɛ aniwa so a ɛnyɛ den sɛ ebetumi ahwɛ sɛ ebia w’ani so akyeakyea biara. Ɛyɛ chart a ɛte sɛ square ruler. Ɛwɔ ahinanan ne nsensanee pii, na nsensanee ketewaa bi wɔ mfinimfini pɛɛ.
Afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛba wɔ eyi ho. Fa no sɛ yɛn ani yɛ mfoninitwa afiri. Afei retina a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no ne saa mfoninitwa afiri no sini. Wɔakyere mfonini a yehu no wɔ saa retina yi so. Wɔfrɛ saa retina yi fã titiriw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sen biara a ɛboa ma wotwa mfonini a emu da hɔ na ɛyɛ nnam sen biara no macula . Sɛ yɛkenkan nhoma, hwɛ obi anim, anaa yɛka kar a, saa macula yi boa wɔ nnwuma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi nyinaa mu.
Enti, sɛ macula no sɛe esiane yare bi nti a, nneɛma a yehu no fi ase yɛ te sɛ nea wɔakyinkyim (`metamorphopsia`). Ɛte sɛ nea nsensanee a ɛyɛ tẽẽ no ayɛ kusuu, mmeae bi yɛ kusuu, na nsensanee tuntum nso da adi. Eyi ne nea Amsler grid no boa yɛn ma yɛkyere nsakrae a ɛyɛ anifere a ɛte saa mpo. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom ɛboa nso ma wohu w’ani duruyɛfo baabi a aniwa a wɔakyinkyim a worehu no wɔ. Afei obetumi ate baabi a ɔhaw no wɔ wɔ macula no mu ase.
Tebea ahorow bɛn mu na sɔhwɛ yi ho hia?
Amsler grid no ho wɔ mfaso kɛse ma wohu aduruyɛ tebea biara a ebetumi aka macula no ani na wɔahwɛ nsakrae a ɛba mu. Nnuruyɛfo tu nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi fo sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi da biara da, titiriw esiane sɛ sɛ wohu nsakrae ntɛm a, wobetumi asiw aniwa a ɛyera daa ano nti.
- Macular degeneration (a ɛyɛ dry ne nea ɛyɛ nsu nyinaa) .
- Nsu a ɛboaboa ano wɔ retina ase (Central serous retinopathy) .
- Neovascularization ( mogya ntini foforo a ɛba aniwa no mu ) .
- Nsonsonoe tuntum anaa nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ anisoadehu mu (scotomas) .
- Ntini a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛba macula no so (macular pucker / epiretinal membrane) .
- Cystoid aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
- Asikreyare -a ɛfa macular edema ho
- Pituitary gland tumors - Eyi betumi de ɔhaw ahorow aba wɔ aniwa abien no nyinaa mu (bilateral hemianopia).
- Macular damage a aniwa akwanhyia de ba
- Retina nyarewa afoforo a ebetumi ama obi aniwa nhu ade mpofirim
Nea ɛka ho no, wɔde Amsler grid no nso di dwuma de hwɛ mfiase no sɛ ebia ɔhaw biara wɔ macula no ho ansa na wɔayɛ cataract oprehyɛn.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde Amsler Grid no bedi dwuma wɔ fie?
Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Sɛ wo duruyɛfoɔ ma wo chart te sɛ yei sɛ fa di dwuma wɔ fie a, yɛ no sɛdeɛ ɔka no pɛpɛɛpɛ ara kwa (mpɛn pii no da biara). Di anammɔn a ɛwɔ ase ha no akyi.
| Anamɔn a wɔfa so yɛ | Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ |
|---|---|
| 1. Ahosiesie | Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ahwehwɛ , hyɛ. Tena baabi a hann wɔ yiye na kura saa nhyehyɛe yi wɔ akyirikyiri a wobɛkenkan nhoma (bɛyɛ nsateakwaa 12-15). |
| 2. Aniwa biako a wɔbɛhwɛ | Fa wo nsa biako to w’ani biako brɛoo. Fa aniwa foforo no hwɛ nsensanee tuntum a ɛwɔ nhyehyɛe no mfinimfini pɛpɛɛpɛ no nkutoo . Sɛ worenhinhim wo ti a, ma w’ani nkɔ saa nsensanee no so. |
| 3. Nsɛmmisa a ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo ho | Bere a worehwɛ nsensanee a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no, bisa wo ho nsɛm yi:
|
| 4. Aniwa foforo no a wobɛhwɛ | Afei bue aniwa a kan no na wɔato mu no, to aniwa foforo no, na san yɛ anammɔn koro no ara a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no ma saa aniwa no. |
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara: Sɛ wubua "dabi" wɔ nsɛmmisa a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no mu biara ho bere a woreyɛ sɔhwɛ yi, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wuhu nsakrae anaa nea ɛnteɛ biara a, kɔ w'ani ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara a wontwentwɛn wo nan ase. Mfa eyi nyɛ hwee.
So Amsler Grid ahorow afoforo wɔ hɔ?
Aane. Marc Amsler, Switzerlandni aniwa ho ɔyaresafo a ɔyɛɛ Amsler grid no de ahorow 7 aba. Yɛtaa ka ɔkwan a edi kan no ho asɛm (Chart 1). Nanso ahorow afoforo no nso ho wɔ mfaso wɔ nsɛm titiriw mu.
- Chart 1: Eyi ne ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so de di dwuma na wɔtaa de di dwuma. Ɛwɔ nsensanee tuntum wɔ akyi fitaa.
- Chart 2: Eyi te sɛ nea edi kan no, nanso nea ɛka ho no, wɔatwe nsensanee anan a ɛyɛ ahinanan fi ntwea anan no so kosi mfinimfini nsensanee no so. Eyi boa nnipa a wɔwɔ baabi tuntum bi wɔ wɔn anisoadehu mfinimfini no ma wɔkwati saa beae no na wɔde wɔn adwene si mfinimfini nsensanee no so.
- Chart 3: Eyi wɔ nsensanee kɔkɔɔ wɔ akyi tuntum. Eyi boa ma wohu nsonsonoe a ɛnyɛ anifere a ɛwɔ kɔla a wohu mu.
- Chart 4: Eyi wɔ nsensanee fitaa a apete wɔ akyi tuntum sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ nsensanee. Wɔde kyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda nneɛma a wɔkyinkyim aniwa ne nsensanee tuntum ntam.
- Chart 5: Eyi wɔ nsensanee a ɛkɔ soro nkutoo. Ntrɛwmu fitaa no wɔ akyi tuntum.
- Chart 6: Eyi ne Chart 5 no yɛ pɛ, nanso nkyerɛwde tuntum wɔ akyi fitaa. Ntrɛwmu a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no bɛn ho sen nkyerɛwde afoforo no. Eyi ma wutumi kyere nsɛm a wɔakyinkyim no anifere kwan so mpo.
- Nhyehyɛe 7: Ahinanan a ɛwɔ saa nhyehyɛe yi mfinimfini no kɛse te sɛ ahinanan a ɛwɔ akyi no fã, enti wobetumi ahu nsakrae nketenkete mpo a ɛba mfinimfini anisoadehu mu.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na obi a ɔwɔ macular degeneration hu eyi?
Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi te sɛ macular degeneration a, ebia wubehu nsakrae ahorow bere a wohwɛ Amsler grid no.
Fa no sɛ worehwɛ fam a wɔde nnua ayɛ. Mpɛn pii no, nsensanee a ɛda nnua no ntam no nyinaa yɛ tẽẽ. Nanso sɛ wowɔ ɔhaw bi wɔ wo macula ho a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea saa nsensanee yi atrɛw, te sɛ asorɔkye. Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea nsensanee bi abubu wɔ mfinimfini, anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea nsensanee tuntum bi wɔ saa beae no.
Nsakrae atitiriw a wotumi hu ne:
- Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ nsensanee anaasɛ ɛyɛ kusuu.
- Ɛte sɛ nea nhyehyɛe no afã horow bi ayera anaasɛ ayɛ sum.
- Mmeae bi a ɛwɔ nhyehyɛe no mu no yɛ nea hwee nni hɔ koraa, na ɛda adi sɛ nsensanee tuntum.
Na smartphone app ahorow nso ɛ?
Mprempren, wubetumi mpo ahu smartphone ne tablet apps a ɛwɔ Amsler grid. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wode eyinom mu biako di dwuma a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm na nya afotu. Obetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ ɛfata wo anaa.
Nanso mma wo werɛ mmfi eyi da: smartphone app nyɛ ade a wɔde besi ayaresa ananmu da. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa anaasɛ ɛhaw wo a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo a ɔfata nkyɛn kɔyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Amsler grid no yɛ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye, ɛyɛ ntɛm, na ɛnyɛ yaw a wobɛfa so asɔ wo mfinimfini anisoadehu ahwɛ wɔ fie.
- Eyi betumi ahu nsakrae a ɛba ntɛm wɔ nyarewa a ɛka macula no mu.
- Sɛ wo duruyɛfo no atu wo fo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi da biara da a, yɛ.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae foforo biara wɔ nhwehwɛmu no mu, te sɛ nsensanee, nsensanee, nsensanee tuntum, anaa nsonsonoe a, bɔ w’ani duruyɛfo amanneɛ ntɛm ara.
- Sɛ wuhu tebea bi ntɛm a, wubetumi abɔ w’ani a ɛsom bo no ho ban na asiw ɔsɛe foforo ano.
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