So wote nka sɛ akisikuru bi wɔ wo nufu mu? Mma ɛnhaw wo, momma yensua saa (Benign Breast Disease) yi ho ade!

So woate akuru anaa biribi soronko bi nka wɔ wo nufu mu pɛn? Sɛ ɛba saa a, ntɛm ara na wubisa sɛ, “So eyi yɛ kokoram?” So ɛnyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wubenya saa ehu no? Nanso m’ani gye sɛ mɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ nufu no mu akisikuru ne akuru dodow no ara nyɛ kokoram. Yɛfrɛ wɔn “ nufu mu yare a ɛnyɛ hu.”

Dɛn ne Nufu mu Yare a Ɛnyɛ Den?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, akuru, akisikuru, anaa kotoku biara a nsu ahyɛ mu ma a ɛba wo nufu mu a ɛnyɛ kokoram no hyɛ saa kuw yi mu. Yɛn nufu yɛ akwaa a ɛyɛ den a nneɛma pii na ɛwom, a ntini , ntini, ne srade ka ho . Enti, nsakrae pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aba wɔ saa mmeae yi.

Ɛwom sɛ saa ``Benign Breast Disease`` tebea horow yi nyɛ kokoram, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu de, nanso ahorow bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nufu mu kokoram daakye no ayɛ kɛse kakra . Nanso, eyi nsi wɔ ahorow nyinaa ho.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn sɛ wote nsakrae anaa akuru bi wɔ wo nufu mu a, na woahu nea ɛyɛ ankasa. Ɛho hia nso sɛ wuhu sɛnea wo nufu te ne sɛnea wote nka. Saa kwan no so no, wubetumi ahu nsakrae biara ntɛm.

Dɛn ne nufu mu nyarewa ahorow a ɛnyɛ hu a ɛtaa ba?

`(Benign Breast Disease)` ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Momma yɛnhwɛ ahorow atitiriw ne nea ɛtaa ba no bi. Saa ahorow yi mu dodow no ara mfa kokoram ho asiane mma , na enhia ayaresa titiriw.

• Nufu mu akisikuru: Nufu mu akisikuru bɛyɛ 25% yɛ akisikuru a nsu ahyɛ mu ma. Ebia sɛ woka a, ɛbɛyɛ yaw na ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ akuru. Nanso, wɔnyɛ kokoram. Mpɛn pii no, wɔkɔ a wonnya ayaresa.

• Fibroadenomas: Eyinom ne akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram a ɛtaa ba mmea a wɔadi fi mfe 15 kosi 35. Ɛmma kokoram ho asiane nkɔ soro na ɛtaa kɔ wɔn ankasa. Susuw ho hwɛ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wowɔ marble ketewaa bi wɔ wo nufu mu. Ɛno ne nea eyi yɛ.

• Fibrocystic nufu mu nsakrae: Nkwammoaa a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwumaEsiane nsakrae a ɛba nufu mu nti, nufu betumi ayɛ kurukuruwa, ayɛ den, na ayɛ yaw, titiriw ansa na akɔ brayɛ mu. Saa tebea yi taa ba mmea a wɔadi fi mfe 30 kosi 50. Eyinom nso kɔ a wonnya ayaresa.

• Hyperplasia: Eyi ne bere a nkwammoaa a ɛkata nufu no mu ntini anaa ntini a ɛwɔ nufu no mu no nyin kɛse sen sɛnea ɛte daa no. Tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no “usual hyperplasia” betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram no ayɛ kɛse kakra , nanso enhia sɛ wɔyɛ no oprehyɛn. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ “atypical hyperplasia” a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn yi nufu mu ntini a ɛka wo no. Saa tebea yi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram no yɛ kɛse.

• Intraductal papillomas: Eyinom yɛ nnua nketenkete a ɛte sɛ akisikuru a ɛba bɛn nufusu no, wɔ nufusu kwan bi mu. Wobetumi ama nsu a efi nufu no mu aba. Wɔtaa ba mmea a wɔadi fi mfe 30 kosi 50. Sɛ wunya papillomas anum anaa nea ɛboro saa prɛko pɛ a, ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse. Oprehyɛn a wobɛyɛ de ayi eyinom afi hɔ no betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no so.

• Mammary duct ectasia: Saa tebea yi abu so wɔ mmea a wɔadu brayɛ mu no mu. Wɔ eyi mu no, nufusu ntini no hohoro, ɛyɛ den, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a esiw. Ebia nufu no bɛmene anaasɛ nsu a ɛbɛtɔ mu aba. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ ``Periductal Mastitis''. Saa tebea yi mfa kokoram ho asiane mma. Nanso, sɛ ɔyare mmoawa na ɛde ɔfe ne nea ɛsiw no ba a, ɛho behia sɛ wonom ``Antibiotics''. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ayaresa titiriw biara ho nhia.

• Traumatic fat necrosis: Saa akuru yi ba bere a akuru ntini si nufu mu ntini a opira, oprehyɛn, anaa mframa a wɔde sa nufu no asɛe no ananmu no. Wɔmma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no nkɔ soro na enhia sɛ wɔsa yare.

• Adenosis: Eyi ne bere a nufu no afã horow a ɛma nufusu (lobules) no yɛ kɛse sen sɛnea ɛte daa, na ntini dodow a ɛwɔ mu no kɔ soro.

Saa `(Benign Breast Disease)` tebea horow yi abu so dɛn?

Nokwarem no, nufu mu akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram yi abu so kɛse wɔ mmea mu. Mmea bɛyɛ 50% betumi anya saa akuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram yi wɔ wɔn asetra mu bere bi esiane ``Fibrocystic nsakrae`` nti. Mmarima nso betumi anya saa ``Benign Breast Disease`` yi, nanso ɛntaa nsi koraa.

Dɛn ne `(Benign Breast Disease)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ebia wubehu nsakrae anaa akuru yi bere a woreyɛ wo ho nhwehwɛmu, woreguare, anaa woresiesie wo ho no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wo duruyɛfo betumi ahu wɔn bere a wɔreyɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu anaa nufu mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ ayaresabea no. Wɔ nufu mu akisikuru akyi no, ebia wubehu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi nso:

• Nufu mu yaw (Mastalgia).
• Nufusu mu nsu a ɛba.
• Nsakrae a ɛba nufu no kɛse, ne nsusuwii, anaa ne nsusuwii mu.
• Nufu no akɔ fam, ayɛ nwininwini, anaasɛ ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Nufu ho were a ɛyɛ nwini, ɛyɛ ketewaa, anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

Dɛn na ɛde saa `(Benign Breast Disease)` yi ba?

Nneɛma pii na ɛtaa de nufu mu akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram ba:

• Nsakrae a ɛba nufu mu ntini mu (e.g., `Fibrocystic nufu nsakrae`).
• Nufu mu yare (e.g. Mastitis).
• Scar tissue a ɛba bere a obi apira nufu no akyi.
• Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ hormone dodow mu (titiriw bere a obi rekɔ brayɛ, nyinsɛn, anaa bere a wagyae brayɛ).
• Nnuru bi a wɔde di dwuma, sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a wɔde siw awo ano ne nnuru a wɔde si hormone ananmu.
• Nneɛma a caffeine wom a wɔnom boro so (te sɛ kɔfe, tii, chocolate).

Mmarima nso betumi anya nufu a ayɛ kɛse, ahonhon, anaa ayɛ kurukuruwa. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi ``Gynecomastia''. Eyi betumi afi hormone a ɛnkari pɛ, kɛseyɛ mmoroso, ne nyarewa anaa nnuru bi.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ obenya saa tebea horow yi?

Obiara betumi anya `Benign Breast Disease`. Nanso, asiane no dɔɔso kakra sɛ wowɔ nneɛma yi a:

• Sɛ obi wɔ abusua no mu wɔ nufu mu kokoram anaa ``Benign Breast Disease`` (abusua abakɔsɛm).
• Sɛ worenom aduru a wɔde si hormone ananmu a.
• Sɛ wowɔ hormone a ɛnkari pɛ a.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ tebea yi mu?

Nufu mu yare ahorow bi a ɛnyɛ hu te sɛ atypical hyperplasia betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram no ayɛ kɛse. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa akuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram yi betumi ayɛ yaw anaasɛ ayɛ kɛse. Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn na wɔayi akuru a ɛyɛ yaw anaa akɛse afi hɔ. Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, fibroadenomas ahorow bi betumi asan aba bere a wɔayɛ oprehyɛn awie no.

Sɛnea wobehu `(Nufu mu Yare a Ɛnyɛ Den)`?

Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo nufu mu ayɛ kurukuruwa anaasɛ wuhu sɛ nsakrae bi aba wo nufu mu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara . Wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:

• Mfoninitwa: Ebia eyi bɛka nufusu ho mfonini, ultrasound, anaa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ho.
• Biopsy: Wɔhwehwɛ nkwammoaa mu hwɛ sɛ ebia ɛwɔ kokoram anaa. Ebia eyi bɛka nufu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔde mfonini kyerɛ kwan a wɔde core needle ayɛ, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, anaa aAkwan bi wɔ hɔ te sɛ ``excisional biopsy`` (wɔde ade a wɔde fa nkwammoaa mu) anaa ``excisional biopsy`` (oprehyɛn a wɔde yi ntini kɛse bi fi mu de yɛ nhwehwɛmu).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa `(Benign Breast Disease)` anaasɛ wɔhwɛ so?

Nufu mu yare ahorow a ɛnyɛ hu dodow no ara nhia ayaresa titiriw biara. Nanso sɛ wowɔ kokoram bi a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram daakye te sɛ atypical hyperplasia a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ayaresa akyerɛ wo. Ebia nea ɛka eyi ho ne oprehyɛn a wɔde yi nipadua no anaa nnuru ahorow bi a ɛtew asiane no so. Sɛ wote ɛyaw, wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ, anaasɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram a, ayaresa ahorow yi betumi aboa:

• Wɔde fine needle aspiration ( FNA ) yi nsu fi akisikuru a nsu ahyɛ mu ma mu.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ de yi akisikuru fi hɔ.
• Nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔnom ma nyarewa te sɛ nufu mu yare.

So metumi anya Nufu mu Yare a Ɛnyɛ Den bɛboro pɛnkoro?

Yiw, wubetumi. Nufu mu akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram abu so na ebetumi aba mpɛn pii wɔ w’asetra nyinaa mu. Nufu betumi ayɛ kurukuruwa anaasɛ ayɛ yaw, titiriw wɔ bere a obi rekɔ nna anaa brayɛ mu bere a hormone dodow sesa no. Sɛ wote akisikuru nka anaasɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ wo nufu mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nyinsɛn ka `(Benign Breast Disease)`?

Nsakrae a ɛba hormone dodow mu wɔ nyinsɛn mu no betumi ama nufu mu akisikuru, ayɛ yaw, na nsu afi nufu no mu. Nufu mu yare te sɛ nufu mu yare anaa nufu mu nsakrae a ɛnyɛ kokoram nso taa ba bere a wɔrema nufu no. Nufu mu nsakrae a ɛba bere a wɔyem anaa wɔma nufu no ho yɛ na koraa. Nanso, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo bere a wuhu sɛ nufu mu nsakrae biara aba no ara pɛ.

So ɛsɛ sɛ woyi nufu mu akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram no fi hɔ?

Ɛtɔ da a. Egyina nea efi nhwehwɛmu a wɔde hu sɛ obi nya kokoram mu ba, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram, ne sɛ ebia akisikuru no yɛ yaw anaasɛ ɛsõ so. Ebia wo duruyɛfo ne wo bɛkasa afa akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram a wobeyi afi hɔ ho.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ `(Benign Breast Disease)` hwɛ kwan?

Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ nufu mu yare a ɛnyɛ hu no nnya nufu mu kokoram. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram no yɛ kɛse a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ kokoram nhwehwɛmu daa. Nufu mu nyarewa bi betumi ama woanya akisikuru mpɛn pii. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ sɛnea wo nufu te anaa wote nka mu a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

So Nufu mu Yare a Ɛnyɛ Den betumi adan kokoram?

Nufu mu tebea horow bi a ɛnyɛ kokoram ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo hu sɛ wowɔ saa tebea horow yi mu biako a, hokwan wɔ hɔ sɛ tebea a ɛnyɛ kokoram no betumi adan kokoram daakye. Wo duruyɛfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu akyerɛ wo. Obetumi aboa wo ma woapaw ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo tebea no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiw `(Nufu mu Yare a Ɛnyɛ Den)` ano?

Ebia worentumi nsiw `(Benign Breast Disease)` ano koraa. Nanso nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so. Saa anammɔn yi betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya `(Benign Breast Disease)` ahorow bi so:

• Caffeine a wɔnom so tew (sɛ nhwɛso no, kɔfe, tii, soda, chocolate).
• Bra a ɛfata yiye a wɔhyɛ ne bras a wɔde nhama a ɛwɔ ase a wɔkwati.
• Ɛnyɛ sigaretnom anaa sigaretnom a wonnyae.
• Kwati a wɔnom nsa.

Saa anammɔn yi betumi aboa ma kokoram ho asiane so atew na wɔahu yare no ntɛm (sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa):

• Yɛ mammograms daa.
• Yɛ wo ho nhwehwɛmu wɔ wo nufu mu na ama woahu sɛnea wo nufu te ne sɛnea ɛte.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu ma wo.
• Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa.
• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom.
• To nsa nom ano hye anaasɛ gyae koraa.
• Gyae sigaret anaa tawa nneɛma afoforo a wode bedi dwuma.
• San susuw ho sɛ wobɛnom aduru a wɔde si hormone ananmu.
• Dan kɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ hormone a wɔde siw awo ano so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhyia biribi a ɛte sɛɛ a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn:

• Ɔhokafo foforo a wobehyia.
• Nufusu mu nsu a ɛba.
• Nsakrae a ɛba wo nufu anaa wo honam ani hwɛbea anaa sɛnea wote nka mu (e.g., dimpling anaa nsakrae afoforo a ɛba wo honam ani).
• Nipple a wɔadan no.
• Nufu mu yaw.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wowɔ `(Benign Breast Disease)` a, wobɛtumi abisa wo duruyɛfoɔ deɛ ɛdidi soɔ yi ho asɛm:

• Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara ma me?
• So mewɔ asiane mu sɛ menya nufu mu akisikuru pii?
• Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ mammogram anaa kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu foforo?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ menya nufu mu kokoram no so?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mede ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so siw awo ano di dwuma?
• So metumi anom aduru a wɔde si hormone ananmu?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye wɔ nsɛnnennen ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho?

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwenem (Take-Home Message) .

Ɛyɛ den sɛ worenbɔ hu bere a wuhu sɛ akisikuru bi wɔ wo nufu mu no. Nea eye ne sɛ, akuru dodow no ara nyɛ kokoram. Wo duruyɛfo betumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow no de ahu nea ɛde nufu mu yare a ɛnyɛ hu no ba ankasa. Nnipa dodow no ara nhia ayaresa, efisɛ akuru no ankasa kɔ.

Nanso, sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛnyɛ kokoram a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram daakye no yɛ kɛse a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa akwan a wobɛfa so asiw ano ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ ho. Mmu w’ani ngu nufu mu nsakrae biara so da. Nyansa wom sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. W’akwahosan ho hia wo paa!

` Nufu mu akisikuru, nufu mu nyarewa a ɛnyɛ kokoram, fibroadenomas, nufu mu akisikuru, nufu mu akwahosan, mammograms, mmea akwahosan