So woreyare mpɛn pii? Ebia nea ɛde ba ne CVID (Common Variable Immunodeficiency)!

So wotaa nya atiridiinini, atiridiinini, ne ɔfe? Anaasɛ ɛntaa nkɔ ɔsram biako a wunni aso, wo menewa, anaa wo koko mu yare? Ɛtɔ da bi a yɛsusu sɛ yei yɛ ade a ɛfata, "Sɛnea me nipadua yɛ adwuma ni." Bere a wo nnamfo nya awɔw kakra na wɔn ho tɔ wɔn wɔ nna abien anaa abiɛsa mu no, so wo nya ade koro no ara adapɛn pii na ɛnyɛ yiye, na ebia ɛkɔ so yɛ ahurututu mu yare mpo? Ebia nea enti ankasa a saa nneɛma yi ba no nyɛ wo nipadua. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yareɛ bi a ahintaw wɔ yei akyi, nanso obiara nka ho asɛm pii ho asɛm. Ɛno ne CVID.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne CVID?

CVID yɛ din mũ a wɔde frɛ Common Variable Immunodeficiency . Eyi yɛ awosu mu tebea a ɛka yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, yɛn nipadua te sɛ ɔman. Asraafo dɔm bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛbɔ saa ɔman no ho ban. Saa asraafo dɔm yi ne yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa. Saa asraafo dɔm yi ko tia ahɔho a wɔtow hyɛ yɛn so, te sɛ mmoawa ne mmoawa, na wɔbɔ yɛn nipadua ho ban na anyare.

Wɔ saa asraafo dɔm yi mu no, asraafo bi wɔ hɔ a wɔanya ntetee soronko. Yɛfrɛ wɔn nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa . Saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi yɛ protein bi. Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn nipadua no mu a, saa mmoawa a wɔko tia nyarewa yi kɔ hu saa mmoawa no, ko tia no, na wɔsɛe no.

Afei, eyi ne nea ɛto obi a ɔwɔ CVID. Wɔn nipadua no ma asraafo a wɔfrɛ wɔn antibodies yi mu kakraa bi pɛ na ɛba. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wɔn nipadua no dɔm no ayɛ mmerɛw. Enti sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn nipadua no mu a, asraafo a wɔbɛko atia no nnɔɔso. Nea efi mu ba ne sɛ wɔtaa yare. Afei nso, yare a wonya no betumi ayɛ den sen obi a ɔte ase, na ebetumi agye bere tenten ansa na ne ho atɔ wɔn.

Ɛwom sɛ wɔtaa hu saa tebea yi wɔ mpanyin afe so de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi afi ase wɔ mmofraase.

Dɛn ne CVID ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Saa tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nea ɛtaa ba ne ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtaa nya. Nanso, sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi ahu de aka ho. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi mu biako anaa abien a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ CVID. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi, titiriw nyarewa a ɛtaa ba, bere tenten a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Dɛn nti na CVID nya nkɔso ankasa? Dɛn na ɛde eyi ba?

Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne nsakrae a ɛba yɛn awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu. Akwankyerɛ a ɛwɔ yɛn DNA mu no na ɛhwɛ biribiara a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu so . Yɛfrɛ akwankyerɛ ahorow yi awosu mu nkwaadɔm. Nsakrae (nsakrae) bi a ɛba saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu na ɛde CVID ba.

Ne titiriw no, B-nkwaboaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa mu no na ɛyɛ saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Esiane awosu mu nsakrae a ɛde CVID ba nti, saa B-nkwaboaa yi ntumi nnyin yiye na edu baabi a wobetumi ayɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa. Ne saa nti, nnuru atitiriw abiɛsa a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu, IgG, IgA, ne IgM, dodow so tew kɛse.

Fa no sɛ asraafo nsraban bi wɔ hɔ a wɔtete asraafo. Wɔ CVID mu no, nea ɛba ne sɛ esiane sintɔ bi a ɛwɔ saa nsraban yi mu nti, wontumi ntete asraafo no yiye na wɔankɔ. Enti asraafo a wɔbɛbɔ ɔman no ho ban no nnɔɔso.

Afei ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, ɛyɛɛ dɛn na minyaa awosu mu nsakrae yi?

• Wɔ bɛyɛ 10% mu no: Wobetumi anya saa tebea yi afi awofo hɔ akɔ mmofra hɔ.
• Wɔ nsɛm 90% mu no:Wɔda so ara nnim nea ɛde tebea yi ba ankasa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ obi betumi anya tebea no sɛ mpo obiara nni hɔ a wanya bi wɔ wɔn abusua mu a. Wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu nso de ahu sɛ ebia nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia di dwuma wɔ eyi mu anaa.

Nsɛnnennen afoforo a ebetumi aba esiane CVID nti

Sɛ yɛyare mpɛn pii akyi no, CVID nso de yɛn to asiane mu ma akwahosan ho haw afoforo a emu yɛ den. Efisɛ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ biribi a ɛka yɛn nipadua nyinaa. Sɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye a, ebetumi aka nhyehyɛe afoforo nso.

Autoimmune Nyarewa a Ɛba

Eyi ne bere a yɛn ankasa nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no fi ase tow hyɛ yɛn ankasa nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw no so. Ɛte sɛ yɛn ankasa asraafo a wɔreto ahyɛ yɛn ankasa nkurɔfo so. Nnipa a wɔwɔ CVID no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya nyarewa ahorow yi. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Ntini a Ɛma Ntini Mu Nyarewa
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔsɛe no (Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia) .
• Nyarewa a ɛka mogya a ɛtwetwe (Antiphospholipid Syndrome) .
• mmerɛbo mu nyarewa bi (Autoimmune Hepatitis) .

Ahurututu mu Nyarewa a Enni Sabea

Koko mu yare a ɛtaa ba no betumi asɛe ahurututu no bere tenten, na ɛde ahurututu mu nyarewa a enni sabea te sɛ ayamtu, COPD, ne ahurututu mu yare aba.

Asiane afoforo

• Kokoram: Nnipa a wɔwɔ CVID no wɔ asiane kɛse kakra sɛ wobenya kokoram a ɛwɔ ntini a ɛma mogya tu (lymphoma) ne yafunu mu ntini mu sen nnipa dodow no ara.
• Splenomegaly: Akisikuru a ɛyɛ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no fã a ɛho ahonhon.
• Granulomas: Ntini nketenkete a ɛnam nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛboaboa ano wɔ akwaa te sɛ ahurututu ne mmerɛbo mu so ba.
• Adwenemhaw: Asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya adwenemhaw esiane adwennwen a ɛwɔ yare a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ a obi bɛtra mu nti.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu CVID?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn esiane sɛ wotaa yare nti a, obebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wahwɛ wo. Sɛ wosusuw sɛ CVID wɔ hɔ a, ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so si so dua ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu .

Saa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi susuw nnuru dodow a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu. Titiriw sɛ IgG, IgA, ne IgM antibodies a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no dodow sua koraa a, ɛyɛ CVID ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw.

Nea ɛka ho no, sɛ ɛho hia a, wobetumi ayɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu. Wobetumi nso ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow de ahwɛ sɛ ebia ayaresa tebea afoforo wɔ hɔ anaa.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi? So wobetumi asa no yare?

CVID nyɛ yare a wotumi sa koraa. Nanso eyiƐyɛ tebea a wotumi sa yiye. Ayaresa titiriw a wɔde sa eyi ne Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy .

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛha na woma wo nipadua no nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa (immunoglobulins) a n’ankasa ntumi nyɛ. Woyi nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa no fi nnipa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden mogya mu. Eyi te sɛ asraafo a wɔatete wɔn a wofi amannɔne bɛba bere a ɔman no ankasa asraafo nnɔɔso.

Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so de saa ayaresa yi ma.

Wo duruyɛfo na obesi ayaresa abien yi mu nea eye ma wo ho gyinae. Saa ayaresa yi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wofa wo nkwa nna nyinaa . Sɛ wofa saa aduru yi yiye a, wubetumi adi mpɛn dodow a ɔyare mmoawa no ba no so kɛse.

Bio nso, sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi ba a, wobetumi ama wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa de asa, na wobetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ kɔ so nom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa na amma yare no ankɔ so.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu bere a wo ne CVID te no?

Ɛwom sɛ CVID a wobɛtra no betumi ate nka sɛ ɛyɛ den de, nanso sɛ wodi ho dwuma yiye na wohu a, wubetumi abɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ.

• Mma nnyae ayaresa: Ɛho hia sɛ wobɛnom wo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu ne dodow a ɛfata mu.
• Hwɛ yiye wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare no ho:Sɛ wuhu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara ntɛm, te sɛ atiridiinini, ɔfe, anaa nipadua mu yaw a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara. Sɛ wofi ayaresa ase ntɛm a, ebetumi aboa ma yare no ansɛe.
• Vaccinations: Mfa vaccinations biara nni kan nkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban a nkwa wom, titiriw nea mmoawa a nkwa wom wom no betumi ayɛ asiane ama nnipa a wɔwɔ CVID.
• Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ nsɛnnennen afoforo ho: Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woahu nyarewa a ɛfa CVID ho te sɛ kokoram ne ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ntɛm no, wo duruyɛfo de wo bɛkɔ akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ bere ne bere mu . Mma wɔn nmpa wo ti so.
• Adwene mu akwahosan: Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte adwennwen nka bere a wo ne yare a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ te ase no. Sɛ wote awerɛhow anaa wo ho yeraw wo a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo anaa obi a ɔbɛn wo nka ho asɛm.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhyia nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

• Sɛ wotaa nya ɔyare mmoawa a: Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wunya ahurututu mu yare, sinusitis, anaa aso mu yare mpɛn pii afe biara a.
• Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ wɔ hɔ a: nneɛma te sɛ yafunu a ɛtaa yɛ basaa, yafunu a ɛyɛ hyew, ne ahurututu mu haw.
• Sɛ woyare bere a woanya vaccine a ɛte ase akyi a.

Sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa saa nneɛma yi ho a, obetumi asi gyinae sɛ ebia eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu kɔ akyiri anaasɛ ɛnte saa.