Momma yensua Cysticercosis, yare bi a ɛma nwansena nyin wɔ wo nipadua mu no ho ade.

So woate saa yare yi a wɔfrɛ no `(Cysticercosis)` ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia saa din yi te sɛ nea ɛyɛ nwonwa kakra. Nanso eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛn nyinaa hu, efisɛ eyi yɛ tebea a ɔyare mmoawa bi a enyin wɔ yɛn nipadua mu na ɛde ba. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi aba nipadua no mu a enni sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biara. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri na yɛnka nnɛ ara kwa.

Dɛn ne Cysticercosis?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `(Cysticercosis)` yɛ yareɛ a ɛba berɛ a mprako nam tapeworm (ɔyare mmoawa `(Taenia solium)` nkesua) hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu. Saa nkesua yi yɛ ntini nketenkete wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔte sɛ nkotoku nketewa a nsu ahyɛ mu ma. Saa akisikuru yi na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba.

Wubetumi anya eyi sɛ wudi anaa wonom aduan anaa anonne a nkesua a efi T. solium ɔyare mmoawa no mu wom, anaasɛ woka nsu a nkesua wom na wode wo nsa hyɛ w’anom a woanhohoro yiye a. Sɛ saa nkesua yi hyɛn yɛn dwensɔtwaa mu a, enyin bɛyɛ larva tapeworms, na afei ɛkɔ nipadua no afã afoforo te sɛ amemene ne aniwa mu kɔyɛ akisikuru.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Cysticercosis ne Taeniasis ntam?

Ɛyɛ papa sɛ worenfrafra saa baanu yi, ɛyɛ?

• Cysticercosis: Eyi ba bere a wowe T. solium a ɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa no nkesua wɔ akwanhyia mu no. Saa nkesua yi yɛ akisikuru wɔ nipadua no mu.
• Taeniasis: Ɛba bere a wudi mprako nam a wɔannoa yiye a ɔyare mmoawa a wɔfrɛ wɔn ``T. solium''. Saa nwansena yi nyin bɛyɛ tapeworm akɛse wɔ wo dwensɔtwaa mu.

Afei, nkesua a ɛde `(Cysticercosis)` ba no nam obi a ɔwɔ `(Taeniasis) nsuo mu kɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no mu. So wote ase?

Henanom na eyi ka wɔn kɛse?

Cysticercosis abu so kɛse wɔ nnipa a wɔte anaa wɔretu kwan akɔ nkuraase wɔ Amerika Mfinimfini ne Kesee Fam, Afrika Sahara anafo fam, Asia mmeae bi, ne Europa Apuei fam no so. Ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔatu afi aman yi so nso mu. Sɛ obi wɔ wo fie wɔ Taeniasis (saa tapeworm kɛse no) a, wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya Cysticercosis.

Wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 2.7 na wɔwɔ cysticercosis wɔ wiase nyinaa. Wɔ mmeae bi a yare no abu so wɔ mprako mu no, nnipa bɛyɛ 10% kosi 20% nya cysticercosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi wɔ Amerika Atifi fam de, nanso wɔahu sɛ cysticercosis na ɛde bɛyɛ 2% ba a wɔkɔ mmeae a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ wɔ United States kɔhwehwɛ akisikuru no.

Dɛn ne Cysticercosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina baabi a akisikuru no wɔ so. Saa cysts yi tumi nya nipadua no mu baabiara - wo amemene, aniwa, koma, ahurututu, ne mmerɛbo mu.

Nanso, sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den na ɛtaa ba bere a saa akisikuru yi nyin wɔ ntini mu, kyerɛ sɛ, amemene ne akyi berɛmo mu no. Wɔfrɛ eyi neurocysticercosis .

Neurocysticercosis (amemene ne akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru) ho sɛnkyerɛnne:

• Akisikuru: Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba. Nhumu a ɛyera mpofirim na ne ho popo. Susuw sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ hu sɛ obi nya akisikuru mpofirim a ɔmmɔ no kɔkɔ.
• Tiyɛ: Ɛnyɛ tiyɛ a ɛyɛ daa kɛkɛ, na mmom tiyɛ a emu yɛ den a ɛkɔ so daa.
• Akisikuru, ɔfe, ne adwene mu naayɛ: Wɔsan frɛ eyi ``cysticercal encephalitis.'' Saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi betumi aba bere a nhyɛso a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no kɔ soro no.
• Kɔn a ɛyɛ den.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ eyinom, titiriw sɛ woanya akisikuru foforo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛba amemene ne akyi berɛmo no akyi (extraneural cysticercosis):

Mpɛn pii no, akisikuru a ɛba amemene no akyi no mfa sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw mma, nanso sɛ ɛba mmeae bi a, ebetumi de ɔhaw aba.

• Subcutaneous cysticercosis: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, akuru nketenkete betumi apue wɔ honam ani.
• Ophthalmic cysticercosis: Eyi betumi de aniwa mu haw aba:
• Aniwa mu yaw.
• Anisoadehu abien (diplopia).
• Aniwa a ɛyɛ hyew (uveitis anaa retinitis).
• Aniwa a ɛkɔ baabiara a anohyeto wom.
• Aniwa a ɛpuepue (proptosis).
• Anisoadehu a wɔhwere.

Dɛn nti na ɛte saa?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, `(Cysticercosis)` fi ɔyare mmoawa `(T. solium)` nkesua a wɔwe. Saa nkesua yi ne:

• Nnuaba ne nhabannuru a wɔanhohoro a wobedi.
• Ɛdenam nsu a ɛho ntew a wɔnom so.
• Ɛdenam nsu a wode bɛka wo ho, nsa a saa nkesua no ayɛ no fĩ a wode bɛka w’ano, anaasɛ aduan a wubedi so.

Saa nkesua yi tow wɔ yɛn dwensɔtwaa mu, na nwansena nketenkete (`(larvae)`) a wopue no fa nipadua no ntini mu na wɔyɛ nea wɔfrɛ no cysts. Mpɛn pii no, saa akisikuru yi nkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne gye sɛ ɛdɔɔso wɔ beae biako. Wubetumi anya bi adapɛn anaa mfe mpo a wunnim sɛ ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu. Nsɛnkyerɛnne da adi bere a saa akisikuru yi fi ase wuwu no. Afei, sɛ yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ adwuma na ɛyɛ ho biribi a, ɔhaw ahorow no fi ase.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na Cysticercosis ka amemene no?

Sɛ T. solium nkesua no tow wɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu wie a, nwansena no tumi tu kwan kɔ amemene no mu na wɔyɛ akisikuru. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa akisikuru yi tumi tra amemene no mu bere tenten a ɛmma ɔhaw biara mma.

Nanso, sɛ saa akisikuru yi fi ase wuwu a, yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu sɛ wɔyɛ atamfo na efi ase tow hyɛ wɔn so. Eyi de ɔfe ba amemene no mu. Sɛ akisikuru pii wɔ hɔ a, ebetumi de ``mass effect`` aba amemene no so ansa na wɔawuwu. Saa ɔfe yi, anaa nhyɛso no betumi ama amemene no ahonhon na ɛde nkwa ato asiane mu. Eyi nso nti na ntini mu haw ahorow te sɛ akisikuru ne tiyɛ ba.

Sɛ akisikuru no wuwu wie a, nsensanee a ayɛ den (calcifications) pue wɔ saa mmeae no.Nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ betumi atra amemene no mu. Nsu betumi aboaboa ano atwa saa `(calcified cysticercosis nodules)` yi ho ahyia na ama `(edema)` akisikuru aba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde Cysticercosis kɔ nnipa mu?

Cysticercosis nam obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no nsu mu na ɛtrɛw. T. solium nwansena to nkesua wɔ onipa dwensɔtwaa mu, na nkesua no kɔ nsu mu. Cysticercosis ba bere a wowe biribi a nkesua yi ayɛ no fĩ no.

Susuw ho hwɛ, saa nsu yi betumi akowie asase, nsu, afifide, ne aduan a yedi mu. Wubetumi anom T. solium nkesua wɔ akwanhyia mu denam nneɛma te sɛ:

• Nsu a wɔanhwie a wɔanhohoro mu a wɔnom.
• Nnuaba ne nhabannuru a wɔanhohoro a wobedi.
• Sɛ wode wo nsa bɛka w’ano anaasɛ wubedi aduan a worenhohoro wo nsa yiye bere a woakɔ tiafi anaa woadi nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ ho dwuma awie no.

Nea ɛho hia: Mprako nam a wɔannoa no yiye a wodi no mma `(Cysticercosis)` mma. Ɛde `(Taeniasis)`, yareɛ a ɛnam dwensɔtwaa mu nwansena so ba.

So Cysticercosis tumi de obi fi onipa so kɔ foforo so?

Dabi, `(Cysticercosis)` no nnya fi onipa so nkɔ onipa so tẽẽ. Sɛ wobɛnya saa yareɛ yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wowe `(T. solium)` nkesua no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu `(Cysticercosis)`?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi a, oduruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo na wabisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ebia wobebisa w’akwantu ho abakɔsɛm a woayɛ nnansa yi nso ho asɛm. Afei ebia wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow te sɛ:

• Mfoninitwa: Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛfa wo ntini ahorow ho a, ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛkra sɛ wɔnyɛ CT scan anaa MRI. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode wo bɛhyɛ afiri bi mu na woatwa w’amemene ho mfonini. Oduruyɛfo no betumi de mfonini ahorow yi ahwɛ sɛ wowɔ T. solium cysts anaa.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔfa mogya na wɔsɔ hwɛ. Eyi hwehwɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa (cysticercosis serology test) a ɛko tia T. solium, anaasɛ ɔyare mmoawa no afã horow (antigens).
• Lumbar puncture: Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ wowɔ cysticercosis wɔ w’amemene anaa w’akyi berɛmo mu , ebia ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu mfa nhwɛ w’amemene mu nsu (CSF). Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode ade a ɛyɛ tratraa bɛhyɛ w’akyi ase na woafa nsu no bi. Eyi te sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, na ɛhwehwɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa anaa nnuru a ɛko tia T. solium. Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu, nanso ɛyɛ adeyɛ a ahobammɔ wom.
• Biopsy: Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru bi a wotumi hu wɔ wo honam ani a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛfa bi ketewaa bi na ɔde akɔma afiri a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu akɔhwɛ sɛ ebia T. solium ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu: Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛpɛ sɛ ɔhwɛ sɛ akisikuru bi wɔ w’ani mu a ebetumi aka w’ani so.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Cysticercosis?

Ayaresa ahorow wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa eyi. Ebia wunhia ayaresa biara koraa. Anaasɛ ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a wɔaka abom ama wo. Ebia nnipa binom behia oprehyɛn. Wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe bi ma ɛne wo tebea pɔtee no ahyia.

Nnuru ne ayaresa bɛn na wɔde di dwuma?

Oduruyɛfo no betumi akyerɛw nnuru anaa ayaresa te sɛ:

• Corticosteroids: Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru te sɛ prednisolone ne dexamethasone. Eyinom brɛ ɔfe ne ɔfe a ɛba bere a akisikuru no awu no ase.
• Nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru/akisikuru: Nnuru te sɛ `(phenytoin)` ne `(carbamazepine)`. Wɔde eyinom ma de siw akisikuru ano.
• Nnuru a ɛko tia mmoawa: Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔde nnuru te sɛ `(albendazole)` ne `(praziquantel)` ma de sa ɔyare mmoawa no. Nanso, wɔhwɛ yiye kɛse bere a wɔde nnuru yi rema no, efisɛ sɛ nwansena no wuwu a, amemene no mu ahon betumi ayɛ kɛse. Ɛno nti na wɔtaa de nnuru yi ka nnuru a ɛtew ɔfe so ho no.
• Oprehyɛn: Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi akisikuru bi fi hɔ, anaasɛ sɛ nhyɛso bi ba esiane amemene mu nsu a ɛkɔ soro (CSF) nti, anaasɛ wɔde afiri ketewaa bi (shunt) hyɛ mu de dan nsu no kɔ beae foforo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛkwati cysticercosis?

Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛho hia sen biara! Nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ den, nanso ɛho hia yiye a wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo ho ban afi `(Cysticercosis)` ho. Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛsiesie aduane ne nsuo dwoodwoo na woahohoro wo nsa yie.

• Fa samina ne nsu hohoro wo nsa yiye mpɛn pii, titiriw bere a wode aguaree adi dwuma, asesa wo ba no mpaboa, ne ansa na woadi anaa woasiesie aduan no.
• Hohoro nnuaba ne nhabannuru yiye, na sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, di.
• Fa samina hohoro ntaaboo a wɔde twitwa nneɛma, counter, nkuku, ne nkuku mu yiye bere a wode adi dwuma awie no.
• Nnom nsu a wɔanhoro ho. Sɛ wonom nsu fi baabi a wunnim a, nom nsu a wɔde ahyɛ toa mu anaa nea wɔanoa nkutoo.
• Sɛ worenom nsu a, noa no yiye bɛyɛ simma biako, ma ɛnnwo, na afei nom.
• Sɛ woretu kwan a, sɛ wubetumi ayi wo nsu mu a, fa " absolute 1 micron anaa nea ennu saa " filter (a ɛwɔ camping supply stores), na afei fa iodine tablets gu mu na nom.

Kae: Sɛ wodi saa ahwɛyiye yi akyi a, ɛnyɛ `(Cysticercosis)` nko na wobɛtumi abɔ wo ho ban, na mmom wobɛtumi abɔ wo ho ban afiri nyarewa foforɔ pii a ɛde ɔyareɛ ba nso ho.

Sɛ mewɔ `(Cysticercosis)` a, dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?

Esiane sɛ mpɛn pii no, cysticercosis nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara nti, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛka sɛnea yare no bɛka wo ankasa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe bi a ɛfa wo ho pɔtee. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛno betumi akyerɛ sɛ wɔrensa cysticercosis koraa.

So Cysticercosis tumi kum nnipa?

Owu a efi cysticercosis mu no ho yɛ na koraa. Ɛnyɛ yare no ankasa na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne dodow no ara ba, na mmom sɛnea nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ n’ade wɔ akisikuru no ho bere a ewu no. Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru kakraa bi pɛ na wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den a, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo no ye yiye.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho wɔ Cysticercosis ho?

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ cysticercosis a, ma w’ani nna wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so. Sɛ́ ebia wɔama wo ayaresa anaasɛ wɔankyerɛw ama wo no, sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ankɔ yiye anaasɛ anyɛ kɛse a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ cysticercosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne, titiriw akisikuru, adwenem naayɛ, anaasɛ akisikuru anaa ɔfe a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara anaa kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛbɛn wo.

Cysticercosis yɛ yare a efi ɔyare mmoawa a wɔfrɛ no Taenia solium nkesua mu ba. Sɛ woante ho asɛm pii wɔ baabi a wote mpo a, cysticercosis betumi de yare a emu yɛ den aba. Sɛ́ ebia wote beae a cysticercosis abu so anaasɛ woretu kwan akɔ baabi no, ahotew ho su kakraa bi a wubedi akyi no betumi aboa wo ma woakɔ so anya ahobammɔ.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

• Cysticercosis yɛ yare a efi mprako nam a wɔfrɛ no tapeworm (Taenia solium) nkesua a wɔwe a ɛma akisikuru ba nipadua no mu no mu ba.
• Ɛnam aduan a efĩ wom, nsu, ne ahotew a ɛnteɛ so na ɛtrɛw, na ɛnyɛ mprako nam a wɔannoa no yiye a wodi so.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina baabi a akisikuru no wɔ so. Sɛ akisikuru no wɔ amemene no mu (neurocysticercosis) a, sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ akisikuru ne tiyɛ betumi aba.
• Wo nsa a wobɛhohoro yiye na woadi nnuan ne anonne a ɛho tew ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi eyi ho.
• Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ akisikuru, tiyɛ a emu yɛ den, anaa adwene a ɛyɛ basaa , hwehwɛ oduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara. Mma ɛnhaw wo, wobetumi adi tebea yi so denam ayaresa a ɛfata ne aduruyɛ mu afotu so.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi ho bɛba wo mfaso. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Cysticercosis, tapeworm, neurocysticercosis, akisikuru, amemene mu yareɛ, ahotew, nyarewa a ɛfiri mmoawa mu