So ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛte nneɛma ase yiye? Momma yɛnka ‘Depth Perception’ ho asɛm!

So woahyia ɔhaw pɛn sɛ wubebu baabi pɔtee a kar a ɛwɔ w’anim no ntam kwan ware bere a wonam kwan so no? Anaasɛ wode wo nsa abɔ nsu kuruwa bi a ɛwɔ pon no so na woabɔ no agu wɔ akwanhyia mu pɛn? Anaasɛ ebia na wuntumi nhu baabi pɔtee a wobɛtiatia bere a woresian antweri bi no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ betumi ato yɛn. Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne sɛ yɛn aniwa wɔ nsonsonoe kakra wɔ sɛnea etumi hu ade bi kwan, ne kɛse, ne emu dɔ pɛpɛɛpɛ, a wɔfrɛ no ‘depth perception’.

Dɛn ne Depth Perception?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, bun mu nhumu yɛ tumi a yetumi hu nneɛma wɔ afã abiɛsa (3D). Ɛne sɛ, ɛnyɛ biribi tenten ne ne tɛtrɛtɛ nko na ɛboa yɛn ma yɛte ase, na mmom ne mu dɔ, sɛnea ɛne yɛn ntam kwan ware, ne sɛnea ne kɛse te nso. Eyi nyɛ ade foforo kɛkɛ, ɛyɛ ade a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye a yɛn aniwa ne yɛn amemene no afã horow pii bom yɛ.

Fa no sɛ worekenkan asɛm yi wɔ wo fon so. Telefon no screen ne nsɛm a ɛwɔ so no nhyia, ɛyɛ tratraa ma wo. Wuhu sɛ nsɛm no wɔ screen no so na telefon no wɔ wo nsam. Saa tumi a ɛboa yɛn ma yehu nneɛma wɔ afã abiɛsa (3D) no ne nea yɛfrɛ no depth perception. Sɛ saa tumi yi nni hɔ a, anka wiase a yehu no nyinaa bɛyɛ sɛ mfonini a ɛyɛ tratraa.

Dɛn nti na nhumu a emu dɔ ho hia yɛn?

Ɛnyɛ sɛ yebehu nneɛma fɛfɛɛfɛ kɛkɛ na eyi yɛ. Ɛho hia yiye nso ma yɛn da biara da asetra mu ahobammɔ .

• Sɛ woreka kar a: Saa tumi yi ho hia na ama woate kwan a ɛda kar a ɛwɔ anim no ntam, kwan a ɛda obi a ɔretwa kwan no ntam, ne sɛ ebia baabi wɔ hɔ bere a wode kar asi hɔ no ase.
• Sɛ wɔnantew abɔnten so a: Eyi ho hia bere a wɔreforo antweri na wɔresian, bere a wɔrekwati tokuru wɔ abɔnten, ne bere a wɔretu fa nnipadɔm no mu no.
• Sɛ woredi agoru a: Fa no sɛ woredi kriket. Ɛho hia sɛ wohu sɛnea emu dɔ na ama wɔahu bere a wɔde bɛbɔ bɔɔl a ɛreba no, ahoɔhare a bɔɔl no bɛbɔ, ne baabi a wɔbɛkyere no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ saa tumi yi boa yɛn ma yɛte baabi a nneɛma wɔ ne baabi a ɛda ntam wɔ adwuma biara a yɛyɛ mu ase.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ade a wɔfrɛ no depth perception yi yɛ adwuma?

Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ den kakra, nanso momma yɛmma ɛnyɛ mmerɛw. Eyi yɛ yɛn nhyehyɛe a wɔfrɛ no ‘Visual Pathway’ no fã. Ɛba wɔ anammɔn kakraa bi mu:

1. Hann a ɛhyɛn aniwa mu: Nea edi kan no, hann a efi ade a yehu no mu no hyɛn yɛn aniwa mu.

2. Retina ne Optic Nerve: Saa hann yi hwe retina , screen a ɛwɔ aniwa no akyi no so, na ɛdan saa nsɛm no ma ɛbɛyɛ anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne. Afei wɔde saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi kɔ yɛn ani ntini mu .

3. Optic chiasm: Aniwa ntini a efi yɛn aniwa abien no nyinaa mu no bom yɛ ‘X’ wɔ amemene no anim. Wɔfrɛ eyiWɔfrɛ no Optic Chiasm.

4. Visual cortex: Awiei koraa no, saa nsɛm yi kɔ amemene no fã a wɔahyira so ama anisoadehu, visual cortex , a ɛka mfonini ahorow a efi aniwa abien no nyinaa mu bom, hwehwɛ nsonsonoe nketenkete a ɛwɔ mu no mu, na ɛyɛ mfonini a edi mũ a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D) a yehu no.

Mpɛn pii no, yehia aniwa abien no nyinaa, anaasɛ aniwa abien , na ama yɛatumi ahu sɛnea emu dɔ no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Sɛ yɛde aniwa abien no nyinaa hwɛ a, yehu ade koro no ara fi afã nketewa abien, enti ɛnyɛ den sɛ amemene no bebu kwan tenten ne emu dɔ ho akontaa pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nanso, wɔ obi a n’ani biako pɛ (monocular vision) mpo fam no, bere kɔ so no, amemene no de eyi yɛ ne su na etumi hu emu dɔ kodu baabi. Nanso, ebia ɛnyɛ anifere te sɛ bere a yɛde aniwa abien nyinaa hu no.

Dɛn ne aduruyɛ mu tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a ɛka sɛnea wohu nneɛma a emu dɔ?

Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ yɛn aniwa anaa nneɛma a yehu wɔ yɛn amemene mu no ho a, ebetumi aka sɛnea yehu nneɛma a emu dɔ nso. Tebea horow bi a ɛtaa ba ni.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ ɔhaw bi wɔ sɛnea mete nneɛma a emu dɔ no ho?

Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’anisoadehu mu a, hwɛ yiye. Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn .

So sɛnea yehu nneɛma a emu dɔ no so tew anadwo?

Eyi yɛ asɛm a nnipa pii bisa. Ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no yentumi nhu ade kɛse anadwo esiane hann a enni hɔ nti de, nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔtew tumi a yetumi hu sɛnea emu dɔ no so. Ɛne sɛ, ɛsɛ sɛ yetumi te ade bi kwan ne ne kɛse ase anadwo mpo.

Nanso sɛ w’ani a wuhu anadwo no nye koraa sen afoforo, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛka kar a, ebetumi ayɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘anadwo anifurae’ (Nyctalopia) ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Sɛ wuhyia eyi a , kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara..

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa ɔhaw ahorow yi?

Mpɛn pii no, eyi ano aduru yɛ mmerɛw yiye: teɛ w’ani so.

• Ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade: Sɛ woanhyɛ ahwehwɛ da a, ebia wubehia ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade. Sɛ wohyɛ dedaw a, ebia ebehia sɛ wosakra nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo.
• Yare a ɛde ba no ayaresa: Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo te sɛ strabismus a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛkyerɛ ayaresa a ɛho hia (ebia apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa oprehyɛn) a wɔde bɛyɛ no mu.

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ yɛn aniwa so?

• Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani so, ketewaa bi mpo a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.
• Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ a, ma wɔnhwɛ w’ani daa na yɛ wo nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo no foforo.
• Sɛ woredi agumadi anaa woreyɛ adwuma a ebetumi ayɛ asiane ama w’ani (e.g., welding, saw wood) a, hyɛ ahobammɔ ahwehwɛ a ɛfata.

Mmere bɛn na eye sen biara a wubetumi akɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Eyi ho hia paa. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani so pɛ a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Mfa no kɛkɛ sɛ, "Eyi befi hɔ wɔ nna kakraa bi mu." Ebetumi ayɛ biribi a ɛnyɛ den, nanso ebetumi nso ayɛ tebea a emu yɛ den ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan. Enti ntwɛn nkosi sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu bɛyɛ den.

Yɛn nhumu a emu dɔ yɛ tumi a ɛsom bo a ɛma yenya nsɛm pii fa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho denam yɛn ani so. Sɛ ɛnyɛ ɛno a, anka wiase a yehu no bɛyɛ petee na enni nsusuwii biara. Enti hwɛ w’ani yiye. Mma w’ani ngu nsakrae ketewaa bi mpo a ɛba w’anisoadehu mu no so.