So wo ba bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔde n’adwene besi nnwuma so? So ɛte sɛ nea wontumi ntra ase dinn, anaasɛ wɔrepere bere nyinaa sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aso atie wɔ adesua mu? Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata koraa sɛ ɔwofo biara bɛte nka sɛ ɛhaw no bere a ɔrehwɛ saa nneyɛe yi. Ebia woate ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ho asɛm mpo. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ADHD yɛ mu pefee na yɛadi asɛmmisa a ɛtaa ba no ho dwuma: so EEG nhwehwɛmu betumi ahu tebea yi ankasa?
Nea edi kan no, momma yɛnte ase: dɛn ne ADHD?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ADHD yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a ɛfa abofra amemene nyin ne ne dwumadi ho. Ɛnyɛ suban ho haw, na saa ara nso na ɛnyɛ nea efi awofo a wɔnyɛ papa mu. Ɛyɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a wogye tom.
Mmofra a wɔwɔ ADHD taa da sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow adi wɔ akuw atitiriw abien mu:
- Adwene a wonni ( inattention ): Ɛyɛ den ma mmofra yi sɛ wɔde wɔn adwene besi adwuma biako so bere tenten. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛtwetwe wɔn adwene, na mpɛn pii no wohu bere a wɔreyɛ adesua wɔ adesua mu, bere a wɔreyɛ fie nnwuma, anaa bere a wɔde agode redi agoru no.
- Hyperactivity and Impulsivity : Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wuntumi ntra ase dinn, ɔyɛ basaa bere nyinaa, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛtwɛn wɔn kwan, na woatwitwa afoforo nsɛm bere a wɔrekasa no.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, sɛ abofra bi wɔ saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi mu biako anaa abien a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ ADHD. Oduruyɛfo si saa yare yi so dua bere a wasua abofra no nneyɛe ho ade yiye anyɛ yiye koraa no asram 6 , ahwɛ wɔn wɔ mmeae pii (te sɛ fie ne sukuu), na waboaboa nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri ano afi awofo ne akyerɛkyerɛfo hɔ akyi nkutoo.
Enti, dɛn ne EEG sɔhwɛ?
EEG gyina hɔ ma Electroencephalogram . Ɛkyerɛw anyinam ahoɔden nketenkete (amemene mu asorɔkye) a w’amemene de ba no na ɛda adi wɔ kɔmputa so. Fa no sɛ ECG a wɔde yɛ koma no, nanso sɔhwɛ yi susuw amemene no dwumadi .
Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛnyɛ yaw, ahobammɔ wom, na ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu . Wɔde dade diski nketewa (electrodes) abata ti nhwi no ho. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔhyɛ kyɛw titiriw bi. Saa electrode ahorow yi kyerɛw nsɛnkyerɛnne no ma kɔmputa no hwehwɛ mu.
Nnuruyɛfo de EEG ahorow di dwuma de boa ma wohu tebea horow, na ɛnyɛ ADHD nkutoo.
| Nneɛma afoforo a wɔde di dwuma ma EEG sɔhwɛ |
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| Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho kyere no te sɛ akisikuru a wobehu . |
| Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ amemene mu akisikuru a wosusuw sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ ho . |
| Nna mu haw ahorow a wɔhwehwɛ mu . |
| Amemene a asɛe wɔ ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase akyi a wɔbɛhwehwɛ mu . |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde EEG di dwuma de hu ADHD?
Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ ebia ankorankoro a wɔwɔ ADHD no amemene mu asorɔkye a ɛsono kakra wɔ wɔn a wonni tebea no ho. Saa nsusuwii yi ne nea wogyina so de EEG di dwuma de boa ma wɔyɛ ADHD nhwehwɛmu.
Nhyehyɛe pɔtee bi wɔ hɔ a wɔayɛ ama eyi a wɔfrɛ no Neuropsychiatric EEG-Based Assessment Aid (NEBA) System . Wɔ afe 2013 mu no, U.S. FDA maa saa kwan yi ho kwan sɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma wɔ mmofra a wɔadi fi mfe 6 kosi 17 mu .
NEBA nhyehyɛe no susuw nsusuwii a ɛda theta asorɔkye (amemene mu asorɔkye a ɛyɛ brɛoo) ne beta asorɔkye (amemene mu asorɔkye a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm) ntam. Nsusuwii a ɛwɔ eyi akyi ne sɛ ebia mmofra a wɔwɔ ADHD no benya theta ne beta asorɔkye dodow a ɛkɔ soro.
So ɔkwan yi tu mpɔn ankasa? Dɛn na abenfo ka?
Eyi ne nkɔmmɔbɔ no fã a ɛho hia na ɛyɛ den sen biara. Adwumayɛfo adwene gu ahorow wɔ eyi ho.
Nhwehwɛmu bi kyerɛe sɛ bere a wɔde NEBA nhyehyɛe no kaa akwan a wɔfa so hwehwɛ yare a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ho no, ADHD a wohu no pɛpɛɛpɛ no nyaa nkɔso fi 61% koduu 88% . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebetumi de nsɛm foforo ama. Nhwehwɛmu no kae sɛ ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so titiriw wɔ nsonsonoe a ɛda ADHD ne tebea afoforo a ɛwɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte saa ara ntam no mu.
Nanso, nyansahufo ne nnuruyɛfo pii da so ara yɛ ahwɛyiye. Wosi so dua sɛ adanse a ɛdɔɔso nni hɔ a ɛbɛma wɔde wɔn ho ato EEG aba nkutoo so de ahu sɛ ebia abofra bi wɔ ADHD anaasɛ onni bi.
Dɛn nti na adwenem naayɛ wɔ hɔ?
Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nneɛma pii betumi anya amemene no asorɔkye nhyehyɛe so nkɛntɛnso. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ abofra bi brɛ anaasɛ ɔda wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu a, ebetumi asesa akenkan no, na ama nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea wotumi de ho to so. Esiane eyi nti, abenfo binom gye di sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ahwɛyiye kɛse kyerɛ nea afi mu aba yi ase.
Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛ ɔwofo?
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo hyɛ nyansa sɛ wɔnyɛ EEG na aboa ma wɔahwɛ sɛ wo ba no wɔ ADHD a, ma nsɛm yi ntra w’adwenem:
1. Ma nkitahodi nkɔ so: Bisa wo duruyɛfo no mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ nhwehwɛmu yi mu no pefee. Nsuro sɛ wobɛbisa sɛ, "Oduruyɛfoɔ, ahotosoɔ ahe na yɛbɛtumi anya wɔ sɔhwɛ pɔtee yi mu aba?"
2. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nkutoo ne adwinnade a wɔde hwehwɛ yare mu: Kae sɛ EEG yɛ ahodwiriwde no fã ketewaa biako pɛ . Ɛnsɛ sɛ wogyina EEG mu aba nkutoo so hu ADHD da.
3. Nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ ho hia: ADHD a wobehu no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ na edi mũ . Ɛsɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo gye nsɛm fi wo , wo ba no akyerɛkyerɛfo , ne afoforo a wɔhwɛ wo hɔ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ abofra no nneyɛe, adesua mu nsɛnnennen, ne nnipa a ɔne wɔn di nkitaho no mu kɔ akyiri.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, EEG amanneɛbɔ te sɛ nea worehwɛ ahodwiriwde biako pɛ; entumi nkyerɛ mfonini no nyinaa a asinasin afoforo no nka ho.
Nneɛma Titiriw a Wɔde Kɔ
- ADHD yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a ɛfa amemene no dwumadi ho, na ɛnyɛ suban a wɔpaw. Ɛsɛ sɛ akwahosan ho ɔbenfo a ɔfata na ohu yare no.
- EEG yɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom a ɛyaw nnim a wɔde susuw anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi wɔ amemene no mu.
- Bere a EEG nhyehyɛe titiriw te sɛ NEBA betumi aboa wɔ nhwehwɛmu no mu no, sɛnea wotumi de ho to so no da so ara yɛ asɛm a nyansahu gye ho akyinnye.
- Mfa wo ho nto EEG nkutoo so da mfa nhu ADHD; ɛyɛ adwinnade a wɔde ka ho wɔ nhwehwɛmu nhyehyɛe no mu ara kwa .
- Sɛ wowɔ wo ba no nneyɛe ho dadwen bi a, kɔ wo mmofra oduruyɛfo anaa oduruyɛfo titiriw nkyɛn na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ na wɔahu yare no yiye.
