Yɛtaa te wɔ atesɛm nkrataa mu sɛ mmoawa foforo bi de yare foforo reba. Sɛnea yɛtee wɔ coronavirus ɔyaredɔm no mu no, nyansahufo hui sɛ coronavirus na ɛde yare a wɔfrɛ no SARS no ba. Nanso so woasusuw sɛnea nyansahufo yi betumi aka pɛpɛɛpɛ, ahotoso saa, sɛ mmoawa yi na ɛde yare yi ba no ho pɛn? So ɛyɛ nsusuwii hunu ara kwa? Anaasɛ ɔkwan bi wɔ hɔ a wogye tom a wɔfa so yɛ no? Yɛreka saa ahintasɛm no ho asɛm nnɛ.
Nyansahu mu Ahintasɛm: Robert Koch Nsusuwii ahorow
Eyi nyɛ nsusuwii hunu ankasa. Nyansahu kwan pɔtee bi wɔ hɔ a nyansahufo fa so kyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa pɔtee bi na ɛde yare bi ba. Ɛte sɛ polisifo nhwehwɛmu, anammɔn biara a wɔyɛ de kyere obi a wosusuw sɛ ɔyɛ ɔsɛmmɔnedifo. Germanni oduruyɛfo ne nyansahufo bi a wɔfrɛ no
Robert Koch na odii kan de saa kwan yi baa wiase no mu tɔnn wɔ 1890 mu tɔnn . Yɛfrɛ saa mmara ahorow yi a ɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa no
"Koch's Postulates." Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi ne "mmara anan nhoma" a nyansahufo de di dwuma de kyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi ne "ɔdefo." Ma yɛnhwɛ nea mmara anan yi yɛ.
| Koch Nsusuwii a Wɔde Di Dwuma | Dɛn na eyi kyerɛ? (Nea ɛte saa ara) . |
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| Mmara a edi kan | Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔyarefo biara a ɔwɔ yare a yɛreka ho asɛm no nya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ yi wɔ ne nipadua mu. Saa ara na nnipa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden a yare no ntumi nnya saa mmoawa yi wɔ wɔn nipadua mu. |
| Mmara a ɛto so abien | Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ yiye sɛ wobenyin ɔyare mmoawa no wɔ lab culture mu, wɔ ade titiriw bi mu, afi ntini anaa nhwɛsode afoforo (sɛ nhwɛso no, phlegm, mogya, nsu a wɔde gu mu) a wɔfa fii obi a ɔyare hɔ mu. |
| Mmara a ɛto so abiɛsa | Sɛ wɔde saa mmoawa a ɛho tew a wodua wɔ aduruyɛdan mu no ba aboa (anaa onipa) a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden a ɔyɛ mmerɛw sɛ obenya no nipadua mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ onya mfitiase yare koro no ara. |
| Mmara a ɛto so anan | Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ yiye sɛ wobeyi mfitiase mmoawa no afi nhwɛsode a wɔfaa fii onipa anaa aboa a ɔto so abien a wanya ɔyare no foforo hɔ no mu na wɔasan ayɛ no amammerɛ. |
Nanso obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden ntumi ntrɛw yare no mu, ɛnte saa?
Seesei ebia worehyia ɔhaw kɛse bi. Hwɛ saa mmara a ɛto so abiɛsa no. So ɛnyɛ abrabɔ fam bɔne sɛ wɔde yare bi bɛka obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden? Ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye. Enti ɔkwan bɛn so na nyansahufo di mmara yi so?
Yiw, saa asɛm no yɛ nokware koraa. Obiara nhyɛ da mfa yare bi nkɔ nkurɔfo mu na ɔnyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow esiane biribiara nti. Ɛno yɛ mfomso kɛse. Ɛno nti na nyansahufo de akwan foforo di dwuma de kyerɛ sɛ mmara a ɛto so abiɛsa ne anan yi yɛ nokware no.
Nyansahu mu akwan a wɔfaa so yɛɛ no
1.
Nyarewa Ho Adesua: Eyi ne ɔkwan titiriw a wɔfa so yɛ no. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɔyaredɔm ho adesua yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ sɛnea nyarewa trɛw wɔ nnipa dodow bi mu ho. Te sɛ ɔsraani a ɔhwehwɛ nkurɔfo ho nsɛm mu no, nyansahufo hwehwɛ:
- Henanom na wonyaa yare no?
- Ɛhe na na wɔwɔ?
- Henanom na wɔne wɔn bɔe?
- Nkitahodi bɛn na ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔanya yare no ntam?
- Afei wɔde saa nsɛm yi toto nsɛm a efi nnipa kuw bi a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden a wonnyaa yare no hɔ ho.
Fa no sɛ, sɛ obiara a onyaa SARS no nyaa ɔyare mmoawa no na nnipa a wonnyaa no no anyare a, ɛno bɛyɛ adanse a emu yɛ den a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nea ɛde yare no bae ne mmoawa no a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ mu. Wɔ saa kwan yi so no, wobetumi adi Mmara a Ɛto so Abiɛsa no nnyinasosɛm no ho adanse a wɔrennya ɔyare no bi mma obi. 2.
Mmoa Nhwɛsode: Ɔkwan foforo ne mmoa sɔhwɛ. Wɔde mmoawa bi a wɔanyin wɔ aduruyɛdan mu gu mmoa a wɔda sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte sɛ nnipa adi (e.g., mprako, bonsu) mu. Sɛ saa aboa no nya yare bi a ɛte sɛ nnipa de a, ɛno si Mmara a Ɛto so Abiɛsa no so dua. Sɛ afei wobetumi ayi mmoawa no afi saa aboa no ho bio a, ɛnde Mmara a Ɛto so Anan no nso yɛ nokware.
Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔfaa so huu SARS mmoawa no!
Afei ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea wɔde saa mmara yi dii dwuma wɔ SARS ɔyaredɔm no ho.
- Mmara a Edi Kan ne Nea Ɛto so Abien: Nyansahufo yii coronavirus fii ayarefo pii a wɔwɔ SARS sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu. Na wotumi nyinee mmoawa no wɔ lab no mu. Enti mmara a edi kan abien no nyinaa bam.
- Mmara a Ɛto so Abiɛsa ne Anan: Ɛha na Nyarewa Ho Adesua ba.baa hɔ bɛboaa no. Nhwehwɛmu ahorow no daa no adi pefee sɛ yare no atrɛw wɔ wɔn a wɔanya mmoawa no mu, na na enni hɔ wɔ wɔn a wonnyaa mmoawa no mu. Bio nso, nnipa binom a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ mu wɔ akwanhyia mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛɛ ayarefo) nso yaree akyiri yi, na wotumi yii mfitiase mmoawa no fii wɔn mu. Eyi sii mmara a ɛto so abiɛsa ne anan no nnyinasosɛm ahorow so dua. Wɔnam mmoa ho nhwehwɛmu nso so sii eyi so dua bio.
Enti afei wunim, eyi nyɛ nsusuwii hunu ara kwa. Eyi yɛ nyansahu mu adeyɛ a ntease wom yiye, ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe, adi mfehaha pii, na wotumi de ho to so yiye.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nyansahufo hu sɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaa mmoawa pɔtee bi na ɛde yare bi ba, ɛnyɛ nsusuwii hunu, na mmom denam nyansahu kwan bi a wɔfrɛ no "Koch's Postulates" a wodi akyi so.
- Saa kwan yi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nneɛma atitiriw anan: sɛ wobehu ɔyare mmoawa no afi ayarefo hɔ, wodua no wɔ aduruyɛdan mu, wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛno na ɛde yare no ba, na wɔsan yi ɔyare mmoawa koro no ara fi afoforo mu.
- Esiane sɛ ɛnyɛ abrabɔ pa sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ da de nyarewa akɔ nnipa so nti, nyansahufo nam akwan te sɛ ɔyaredɔm ne mmoa a wɔsɔ hwɛ so si mmara yi nnyinasosɛm ahorow so dua.
- Enti, efi saa bere yi rekɔ no, sɛ wote sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi na ɛde yare pɔtee bi ba a, kae nyansahu mu adeyɛ a emu yɛ den a ɛwɔ saa asɛm no akyi no.
- Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea biara anaasɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn bere nyinaa na ɔmma wo afotu .
Virus, yareɛ a wɔhunu, Koch mmara, nyansahu kwan, ɔyaredɔm ho adesua, SARS, coronavirus
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