Sɛ wokɔe sɛ worekɔyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu pɛn a, so oduruyɛfo no bɔɔ biribi guu w’ani so te sɛ mframa a ɛretu? Anaasɛ wɔde ade ketewaa bi guu w’ani so hwɛɛ mu? Nnipa pii susuw sɛ eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ ara kwa de hu nea w’aniwa yɛ. Nanso nea wɔresusuw ankasa ne nhyɛso a ɛwɔ w’ani mu no. Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea aniwa mu nhyɛso yi yɛ, anaa nea wɔfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ Intraocular Pressure (IOP) ho asɛm .
Dɛn ankasa ne nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa mu?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi kyerɛ nhyɛso a nsu a ɛwɔ w’aniwa mu no de ba. Fa yɛn ani no sɛ bɔɔl ketewaa bi a nsu ahyɛ mu ma. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a saa bɔɔl no bɛkɔ so ayɛ ne nsusuwii no, ɛsɛ sɛ nhyɛso bi ba mu. Saa na saa nhyɛso yi ho hia ma yɛn aniwa akwahosan ne yɛn anisoadehu.
Nsu atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ yɛn aniwa mu.
- Aqueous Humor: Eyi yɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛwɔ aniwa no anim fã (wɔ sclera ne lens ntam).
- Vitreous Humor: Eyi yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den a ɛte sɛ gel a ɛwɔ ɔdan kɛse a ɛwɔ aniwa no akyi no mu.
Yɛn nipadua no hwɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ yɛn aniwa so no so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye so. Bere a wɔyɛ aseresɛm foforo a ɛyɛ nsu wɔ aniwa no mu no, nsu dedaw dodow a ɛyɛ pɛ fi aniwa no mu. Wɔnam nsu a ɛkɔ aniwa no mu a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye so na ɛkɔ saa nsu yi mu. Yɛfrɛ eyi sɛ drainage angle. Saa adeyɛ yi te sɛ nea wobɛdan tap na woadan nsu a ɛkɔ sink mu no. Nsu no kɔ mu na edum, enti sink no nhyɛ ma na ɛnsɛe. Nanso sɛ saa kari pɛ yi yera a, ɔhaw ahorow fi ase.
Sɛ nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu kɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛfata a, yɛfrɛ no Ocular Hypertension . Sɛ wɔansa eyi a, ebetumi asɛe aniwa no mu afã horow a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no, titiriw aniwa ntini a ɛde yɛn anisoadehu kɔ amemene no mu no. Saa aniwa ntini a ɛsɛe yi betumi ama obi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Glaucoma , a sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi ama obi ani abere daa .
Dɛn nti na aniwa mu nhyɛso kɔ soro?
Ɛwom sɛ yɛn nipadua taa hwɛ nhyɛso yi so de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa kari pɛ yi betumi asɛe. Nneɛma atitiriw a enti ɛte saa ni.
| Sɛnti | Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a... |
|---|---|
| Nsu mu aseresɛm a wɔyɛ dodo | Nsu pii boaboa ano wɔ aniwa no mu. Afei, nsu pii boaboa ano wɔ mu sen sɛ ɛbɛtwe afi mu. |
| Blockage a ɛwɔ drainage angle no mu | Nsu a ɛboaboa ano no kwan a ɛkɔ mu no siw, na ɛma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ kɛse. |
| Aniwa mu Ahodwiriw/Apirakuru | Sɛ biribi bɔ aniwa no anaa epira a, nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ mu yi betumi asɛe. |
| Nnuru bi | Saa tebea yi betumi afi nnuru a wɔde di dwuma, titiriw corticosteroids (aniwa mu nnuru, nnuru a wɔde sa yare, srade) mu aba. Enti, mfa eyinom nni dwuma a wunni oduruyɛfo afotu. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosusuw aniwa mu nhyɛso?
Wɔfrɛ saa nhyɛso susuw yi tonometry . W’ani hwɛ ho ɔbenfo bɛyɛ eyi bere a wɔreyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu no. Wɔde mercury milimita (mmHg) na ɛsusuw no. Eyi ne unit koro no ara a wɔde susuw wo mogya mmoroso no.
Nhyɛso a ɛfata wɔ aniwa a ɛte apɔw mu no yɛ mmHg 10 kosi mmHg 20 .
Wɔtaa fa akwan abien so yɛ sɔhwɛ yi:
1. Air Puff Tonometry: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ afiri bi bɔ mframa ketewaa bi kɔ w’ani so. Wɔnam sɛnea aniwa no anim fã a emu da hɔ (aniwa anim) no pia kɔ mframa a ɛsen no mu no so na esusuw nhyɛso no.
2. Contact Tonometry: Wɔ saa kwan yi so no, oduruyɛfo no de nsu a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw gu w’ani so na afei ɔde ne nsa ka adwinnade ketewaa bi brɛoo wɔ w’ani no ani de susuw nhyɛso no.
Sɛ aniwa mu nhyɛso kɔ soro a, ɛte dɛn?
Eyi ne ade a ɛyɛ hu sen biara wɔ saa yare yi ho ne ade a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ so yiye.
Mpɛn pii no, aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro no mfa sɛnkyerɛnne biara mma. Ɔkwan biako pɛ a wobɛfa so ahu sɛ wowɔ bi ne aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu. Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fi ase da adi bere a aniwa ntini no asɛe na w’ani ahu ade no aka no akyi. Ebedu saa bere no, na nneɛma a wɔsɛee no no bi asɛe dedaw.
Ɛno nti na ɛho hia kɛse sɛ wɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa, titiriw bere a woadi mfe 40 akyi, sɛ mpo ɛnyɛ wo yaw a.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no, aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro no mma obi nnya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne de, nanso sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi betumi ada adi wɔ tebea horow bi a egye ntɛmpɛ mu anaasɛ bere a atiridiinini no kɔ so no.
| Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu | |
|---|---|
| Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara: | |
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| Kɔ Emergency Department (ETU) ntɛm ara sɛ saa nneɛma yi si a: | |
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So mogya mmoroso yɛ ade biako, aniwa mu nhyɛso yɛ ade biako, anaa nneɛma abien?
Aane. Eyi yɛ bere a nnipa pii adwene tu fra. Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) ne aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro (Ocular Hypertension) yɛ tebea horow abien a ɛsono emu biara. Esiane sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso nti, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ w’ani so yɛ den. Baako mfa ɔfoforo no ba tẽẽ.
Nanso, kae eyi: Nnipa a wɔwɔ mogya mmoroso no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya atiridiinini. Afei nso, sɛ mogya mmoroso kɔ soro dodo anaasɛ ɛba fam dodo a, mogya a ɛkɔ aniwa ntini no mu no betumi aka, na ama aniwa no ayera. Enti, sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa, hu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya atiridiinini, na woyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu daa.
Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw aniwa aduru, laser ayaresa, anaa oprehyɛn mpo sɛ ayaresa. Wɔnam nneɛma ahorow bi a wɔbɛhwehwɛ mu, a w’ani so nhyɛso ne w’aniwa ntini no tebea ka ho so na ɛbɛkyerɛ eyi.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Aniwa mu nhyɛso (IOP) ho hia ma yɛn aniwa akwahosan, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ ɛkɔ so tra baabi pɔtee bi (10-20 mmHg) bere nyinaa.
- Esiane sɛ aniwa mu nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro (aniwa mu mogya mmoroso) ntaa nna sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi nti, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu daa.
- Sɛ wɔantumi anhyɛ saa tebea yi so a, ebetumi ama obi anya atiridiinini, na ebetumi ama obi ani abere daa.
- Sɛ woadi boro mfe 40, w’abusua abakɔsɛm wɔ atiridiinini ho, anaasɛ wowɔ tebea horow te sɛ asikreyare anaa mogya mmoroso a, hwɛ hu sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobɛhwɛ w’ani pɛnkoro afe biara.
- Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛho hia titiriw sɛ wode aniwa mu nnuru di dwuma wɔ bere a ɛfata mu ne dodow a ɛfata mu.
👩🏽 ⚕️ Nsɛmmisa foforo (FAQs)
💬 Procainamide injection/tablets yɛ aduru a tumi wom paa a wɔde ma yareɛ bɛn?
Eyi nyɛ aduru a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so! Eyi yɛ aduru a tumi wom yiye a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ayaresabea ahorow de gye nkwa wɔ ‘Antiarrhythmic - Class 1A’ tebea horow a emu yɛ den mu, titiriw bere a koma no ase adan no bɔ mpofirim a wontumi nni so na ɔyarefo no reyɛ awu (Life-threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias / V-Tach)!
💬 Sɛ koma no rebɔ te sɛ ɔkraman a, wobɛyɛ dɛn ama koma no ayɛ normal denam aduru yi (Procainamide) a wode bɛma no so?
Koma no bɔ ntɛmntɛm esiane anyinam ahoɔden nti (Action Potentials)! Wɔ ɔhwe a edi kan no mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ ‘Sodium’ nneɛma nketenkete ba mu na ama nkwammoaa no abɔ. Sɛ saa aduru yi hyɛn koma no mu a, esiw apon a ɛma sodium kɔ mu no nyinaa na ɛto mu Nea ɛka ho no, ɛde ahoɔden ma bere a egye ansa na nkwammoaa no abɔ na wɔasan ayɛ adwuma no kyɛ (denam potassium a ɛnam NAPA metabolite no so siw ano so)! Eyi mma koma no ntumi mmɔ ntɛmntɛm na ɛma nnyigyei no brɛ ase.
💬 Dɛn ne ‘asiane a ɛyɛ hu (Black Box Warning / Lupus)’ a ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔnom saa aduru yi (Procainamide) hu ho asɛm?
Asiane kɛse ne sɛ ebetumi ama ‘koma mu nnyigyei foforo koraa a edi awu (Proarrhythmia)’ (ɛno nti na wɔde ma wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu nkutoo)! Asiane kɛse foforo a ɛhaw adwene sen biara ne sɛ bere a wɔde eyi adi dwuma asram kakraa bi akyi no, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ayarefo bɛboro 30% benya yare a emu yɛ den a wɔfrɛ no ‘Lupus-like Syndrome’ (anim kɔkɔɔ a ɛte sɛ ntontom, nkwaa mu yaw)! Asiane kɛse nso wɔ hɔ sɛ obi bewu esiane mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛsɛe koraa (Agranulocytosis) nti.
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