So w’ani nso betumi anya ‘akisikuru’? (Eye Stroke / Retinal Artery Occlusion) Momma yenhu eyi ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ!

So woahu aniwa biako a ɛyera mpofirim, te sɛ nea anyinam ahoɔden atɔ mu pɛn? Anaasɛ woanya nneɛma nketenkete a ɛsensɛn w’ani anim pɛn, anaasɛ woahu akanea pɛn? Ebia na woamfa w’adwene ansi so kɛse. Nanso, ebetumi ayɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ho sɛnkyerɛnne . Eyi yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a egye ayaresa ntɛm ara. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri nnɛ, efisɛ ɛho hia yiye sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ.

Dɛn ankasa ne ‘aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw’?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ‘aniwa mu akisikuru’ yɛ ntini bi a esiw mpofirim, mogya ntini bi a ɛde mogya kɔ retina a ɛwɔ yɛn aniwa mu no. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, wɔfrɛ eyi ‘Retinal Artery Occlusion’ . ‘Occlusion’ kyerɛ sɛ obi asiw kwan. Te sɛ bere a nsu paipu siw no, nsu no gyae sen no, sɛ ntini ketewaa a ɛde mogya kɔ aniwa no mu yi siw a, aniwa no nnya mframa pa ne aduannuru a ehia no. Mpɛn pii no mogya a ɛtwetwe no na ɛde saa akwanside yi ba .

Afei ebia woresusuw nea ɛyɛ saa retina yi ho. Retina no te sɛ sini a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri mu no. Sɛ hann bɔ aniwa no a, ɛyɛ mfonini na ɛde nkrasɛm kɔ amemene no mu. Enti sɛ mogya a ɛkɔ saa beae yi gyae a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ retina no mu no fi ase sɛe, na ɛka yɛn ani so ntɛm ara.

Saa ara na ntini bi a ɛde mogya kɔ retina no betumi asiw. Wɔfrɛ eyi ‘Retinal Vein Occlusion’ . Eyi nso yɛ tebea a ɛka anisoadehu.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ saa ‘ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw’ (Retinal Artery Occlusion) yi yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wɔhwehwɛ ayaresa bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne da adi ara pɛ.

So eyi ahorow bi wɔ hɔ? Wobɛyɛ dɛn akyerɛ wɔn nsonsonoe?

Yiw, saa akisikuru yi ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka aniwa no, kyerɛ sɛ, retina ntini a ɛsiw, a egyina baabi a esiw no so. Ɛte sɛ dua bi a nick nketewa wɔ ne dua, ne nkorabata, ne ne nsa ne ne nan so.

• Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO): Eyi ne ɔkwan a ɛtaa ba. Te sɛ dua dua no, ɛfa ntini titiriw a ɛde mogya kɔ aniwa no mu no a esiw ho. Eyi betumi aka aniwa no nyinaa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wobɛhwere w’ani so koraa.
• Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion (BRAO): Eyi ba bere a ntini ketewaa bi te sɛ nkorabata a efi ntini kɛse no mu fi nkorabata mu no siw. Ɛte sɛ dua bi nkorabata. Aniwa no fã bi pɛ na ɛka. Anisoadehu no fã bi pɛ na ebetumi ayera.
• Twig Retinal Artery Occlusion: Eyi yɛ mogya ntini ketewaa bi mpo a ɛte sɛ nkorabata a asiw. Nkɛntɛnso no wɔ beae ketewaa bi mpo nkutoo.

Saa nkyekyɛmu yi betumi afa ntini a ɛsiw nso ho.

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Retinal Artery Occlusion yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi ankasa. Akontaabu mu no, wobu akontaa sɛ saa tebea yi ba nnipa 100,000 biara mu biako anaa baanu so afe biara. Nanso, ebetumi ato obiara, enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu eyi.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne? Yɛyɛ dɛn hu no?

Mpɛn pii no, aniwa mu yaw biara nni tebea yi mu. Eyi ne nea ɛdaadaa nnipa pii. Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nea edi kan ne aniwa biako a ɛyera mpofirim anaasɛ ɛsakra wɔ aniwa mu . Saa nsakrae yi betumi aba mmiako mmiako:

• Nneɛma a ɛsensɛn nsu mu, nsensanee tuntum nketewa, ne nneɛma a ɛte sɛ asau a ɛsensɛn aniwa anim, ne hann a ɛhyerɛn mpofirim.
• Anisoadehu a Ɛnyɛ Yiye.
• Anifuraefo anaa esum a ɛyɛ sum koraa wɔ aniwa no anim.
• Nsakrae a ɛba aniwa mu no fi ase ketewaa bi mfiase no na ɛkɔ soro nkakrankakra bere a bere kɔ so no.

Mpɛn pii no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ka aniwa biako pɛ. Sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Dɛn nti na eyi reto yɛn? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Nea ɛde ‘aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw’ ba titiriw ne mogya a ɛkɔ retina no mu a esiw. Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a saa akwanside yi betumi afa so aba:

1. Embolism: Eyi ba bere a mogya a ɛtwetwe, plaque, anaa ntini bi a efi nipadua no fã foforo (sɛ nhwɛso no, koma no fasu anaa ntini kɛse foforo) mu paapae na ɛfa mogya no mu kɔhyɛ ntini ketewaa bi a ɛde mogya kɔ aniwa no mu mu no.

2. Thrombosis: Eyi ne bere a mogya no mu yɛ den na mogya a ɛtɔ gu ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ aniwa no mu no mu.

Sɛ mogya ntini bi siw saa kwan yi so a, mogya tumi fa mu na ɛma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ kɛse (ocular pressure). Saa nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro yi betumi asɛe aniwa ntini no. Wohu eyi nso wɔ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no glaucoma mu .

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya ‘aso mu yare’ yi?

Asiane a ɛde aniwa no bɛbɔ akisikuru no ne nea ɛde akisikuru a ɛba amemene no mu no yɛ pɛ. Eyinom bi ne:

• Wɔn a wɔwɔ mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) fam. Eyi yɛ ɔhaw a nnipa pii wɔ wɔ yɛn man yi mu.
• Wɔ nnipa a mogya mu srade dɔɔso (Hyperlipidemia) fam.
• Wɔ wɔn a srade a ɛwɔ wɔn mogya ntini mu, a ɛma ɛyɛ teateaa (atherosclerosis) fam no.
• Wɔn a wɔwɔ ahrawa mu ntini mu yare no fam.
• Wɔn a wɔadi kan anya akisikuru no fam.
• Wɔ nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 60. Asiane yi kɔ soro bere a obi nyin no.
• Wɔ mmarima fam.Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ mmarima wɔ asiane mu kakra. Nanso, eyi nkyerɛ sɛ mmea ntumi nnya saa tebea yi. Mmea nso betumi anya saa tebea yi.
• Asiane yi nso yɛ kɛse ma nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare , efisɛ asikreyare betumi asɛe mogya ntini.
• Asiane no nso yɛ kɛse ma wɔn a wɔnom sigaret .

Sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwɛ yiye kakra.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu sɛ ebia eyi yɛ ‘aso mu akisikuru’ ampa?

Sɛnea madi kan aka no, sɛ mpofirim ara wohwere w’aniwa nyinaa anaa ne fã bi wɔ w’ani biako mu a, ɛyɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ . Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ɛda adi sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Wobebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm.
• Wɔbɛyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne fundoscopy , anaa ophthalmoscopy , a oduruyɛfo no de adwinnade soronko bi (ophthalmoscope) ne kanea a ɛhyerɛn hwehwɛ w’ani mu, titiriw retina ne mogya ntini mu.
• Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ wɔnyɛ fluorescein angiography nhwehwɛmu. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode aduru soronko bi bɛhyɛ ntini bi a ɛwɔ w’abasa mu mu na wode mfoninitwa afiri adi dwuma de atwa ne mfonini bere a ɛnam mogya ntini a ɛwɔ w’ani mu no mu no. Eyi betumi akyerɛ pefee sɛ asiw anaa ɔhaw biara a ɛwɔ mogya a ɛkɔ mu no mu.
• Color Fundus Photography yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔde twa aniwa no mu mfonini (fundus) a emu da hɔ, a retina ka ho.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛkɔ akyiri yiye a ɛma wonya mogya ntini ne retina no ntoatoaso ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ oduruyɛfo no susuw sɛ tebea foforo bi te sɛ Giant Cell Arteritis anaa Temporal Arteritis a, wobetumi akamfo nso akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ ultrasound , echocardiogram (koma no mu nhwehwɛmu), ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii mfa nhwehwɛ ɔhyew agyiraehyɛde ahorow wɔ mogya no mu.

So aduru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa eyi? Dɛn na wɔreyɛ?

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ‘aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw’ a wɔsa mu ne sɛ wɔbɛma mogya asan akɔ retina no mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wobetumi, na ɛremma aniwa a ɛyera no nyɛ kɛse. Ayaresa a wobetumi apaw no gyina bere tenten a atwam fi bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no dii kan daa adi ne sɛnea asiw no te so. Ayaresa a wobetumi apaw bi ne:

• Nnuru a wɔde bɛtew nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu so anaasɛ wɔde bɛpete mogya a ɛtwetwe no.
• Laser ayaresa a wɔde to mogya ntini a ɛretu no mu.
• Sɛ wode aniwa no anim brɛoo twitwiw aniwa no mu a, ebetumi aboa ma mogya a ɛretu no afi hɔ na ayi nea asiw no afi hɔ.
• Paracentesis: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de ade a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye di dwuma de yi nsu kakraa bi fi aniwa no mu. Eyi betumi aboa ma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no so atew ntɛm ara.
• Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde ɔyarefo no to ɔdan titiriw bi mu na wɔma ɔhome oxygen kronkron wɔ nhyɛso kɛse ase. Wɔyɛ eyi na ama mframa pa a ɛkɔ retina no mu no ayɛ kɛse.

Nanso kae sɛ, sɛ wubenya ayaresa ahorow yi so mfaso kɛse a, ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase sa yare no bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi ara pɛ, wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu. Bere yɛ ade titiriw wɔ ha.

So yebetumi ayɛ biribi de atew asiane yi so?

Bere a ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ yebesiw ano koraa no, nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ ‘aso mu akisikuru’ mu no so. Eyinom taa ye ma yɛn akwahosan nyinaa:

• Aduan pa a wobedi ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛdɔɔso. Nnuadewa, nnuaba, ne nhabannuru pii a wobedi, ne ngo, asikre, ne nkyene a wɔtew so no ye paa.
• Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so yiye.
• Ma mogya mmoroso, mogya mu srade, ne aniwa mu nhyɛso nkɔ so nyɛ nea ɛfata. Fa nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no di dwuma.
• Kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bere ne bere mu ma wɔnhwɛ w’ani, titiriw sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow a.
• Sɛ wonom sigaret a, gyae. Asiane yi dɔɔso kɛse esiane sɛnea sigaretnom sɛe mogya ntini ahorow nti.

Saa nneɛma yi akyi a wubedi no, ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛbɛboa ma woabɔ wo ho ban afi ‘aso mu yare’ ho nko, na mmom ɛbɛboa ma woabɔ wo ho ban afi nyarewa afoforo pii te sɛ komayare ne akisikuru ho nso.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ tebea yi akyi? Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan?

Ɔsɛe a ‘aso mu yare’ de ba no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Egyina baabi a wosiw mogya no, bere tenten a wɔde twaa mogya no mu, ne sɛnea wofi ase sa yare no ntɛmntɛm so.

Sɛ ɛyɛ nkorabata (BRAO) anaa nkorabata (Twig) retina artery occlusion, a ɛyɛ ntini ketewaa bi a asiw a, ebia ɔhaw no bɛyɛ ketewaa bi. Nanso, sɛ ɛyɛ mfinimfini (CRAO) , a ɛyɛ ntini kɛse no a asiw a, ebia ɔsɛe no bɛyɛ kɛse.

Wɔ ayaresa akyi mpo no, ebia nnipa binom da so ara ntumi nhu ade yiye kodu baabi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia anisoadehu no rennya ahoɔden koraa. Ɛno nti na wɔfa no aniberesɛm saa no.

Ade foforo a ɛho hia ne sɛ ‘aso a ɛyɛ mmerɛw’ kyerɛ sɛ worenya amemene mu akisikuru.Ebetumi nso ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya bi. Esiane sɛ asiane a ɛwɔ tebea abien no nyinaa mu no di nsɛ yiye nti, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa ho sɛ wowɔ ‘aso a ɛyɛ wo yaw’ na woyɛ nneɛma bi de siw akisikuru ano.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ampa?

Eyi mu pii da adi pefee: Sɛ w’ani biako hwere mpofirim, ɛyɛ kusuu, anaasɛ w’ani so yɛ kusuu a, kɔ oduruyɛfo ntɛm ara. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa na ‘aniwa mu akisikuru’ ka aniwa biako pɛ.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, anisoadehu betumi ayera bere tiaa bi na afei asan aba bio. Wɔfrɛ eyi ‘mini-stroke wɔ aniwa mu’ . Sɛ wohu bere tiaa bi mpo a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Fa no sɛ biribi a egye ntɛmpɛ na kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

W’anisoadehu a wobɛhwere, sɛ́ ɛyɛ bere tiaa mu de anaasɛ daa no, betumi ayɛ osuahu a ɛyɛ hu. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ aduruyɛ mu ntɛm, titiriw sɛ w’ani biako pɛ mu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani so a. Te sɛ nea ɛte wɔ amemene no mu akisikuru ho no, ayaresa ntɛm ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so anya nea eye afi akisikuru a ɛkɔ aniwa mu no mu.

Sɛ yɛbɛbɔ no mua a, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae ni (Take-Home Message):

Okay, enti momma yɛnsan nsusuw nsɛm a ɛho hia sen biara a yɛkaa ho asɛm nnɛ a ɛfa ‘Eye Stroke / Retinal Artery Occlusion’ ho no ho asɛm:

• Eyi yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. Sɛ wuhu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ara pɛ a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne aniwa biako a ɛyera mpofirim, ɛyɛ kusuu, anaasɛ ɛyera. Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ yaw.
• Nneɛma te sɛ mogya mmoroso, asikreyare, srade, komayare, ne sigaretnom ma asiane no yɛ kɛse.
• Ayaresa a wɔyɛ no ntɛm betumi atew aniwa a ɛsɛe ade no so.
• Wobetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ tebea yi mu no so denam asetra pa a wɔbɛkɔ so akura mu ne asiane ahorow a wobedi so no so.

W’ani yɛ agyapade a ɛsom bo paa. Enti hwɛ wɔn. Mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi ho bɛba wo mfaso. Yɛrepɛ sɛ wo ne w’adɔfo nya akwahosan pa!

` Aniwa mu Akisikuru, Retinal Artery Occlusion, Mogya ntini a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu a ɛsiw, Anisoadehunu a ɛyera, Aniwa mu nyarewa, Retina, Aniwa mu Akisikuru, Retinal Artery Occlusion