Anigye a wunya bere a wuhu sɛ worehwɛ akokoaa kwan no yɛ nea wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, ɛnte saa? Nanso bere koro no ara mu no, wowɔ ehu kakraa bi ne nsemmisa pii nso. "So akokoaa no ho ye?", "So biribi bɛto me?", "So biribiara bɛyɛ sɛnea ɛte daa?" Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata koraa sɛ wubesusuw nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ ho. Ɛno nti na nnuruyɛfo yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow de hwɛ wo ne wo ba no yiye bere a wonyinsɛn no. Wɔde eyinom di dwuma de hwɛ wo ne wo ba no akwahosan yiye. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛkɔ ayaresabea da biara a oduruyɛfo no ka sɛ bra.
Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi a wɔyɛ wɔ nyinsɛn no mu asram abiɛsa a edi kan, kyerɛ sɛ, ɔsram abiɛsa a edi kan no ho asɛm.
Dɛn nti na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi ho hia saa?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɔhwɛ ahorow yi betumi adi kan ahu ɔhaw biara a ebetumi asɔre ama wo anaa wo ba no. Afei, wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia no ntɛm. Eyi te sɛ nea wudi kan hu tokuru bi a ɛda w’anim ho asɛm bere a woreka kar wɔ kwan so no. Afei, yebetumi akwati na yɛde ahwɛyiye aka kar, ɛnte saa? Saa na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi te.
Wɔ wo nsrahwɛ a edi kan anaa nea ɛto so abien mu no, wo duruyɛfo no bebisa wo nsɛm pii. Wobebisa w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm ne abusua abakɔsɛm biara a ɛfa nyarewa (te sɛ awosu mu nyarewa) ho. Saa nsɛm yi bɛboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu sɛ ebia wowɔ asiane pɔtee bi mu anaa. Wɔbɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu nso. Wogyina da a etwa to a wokɔɔ brayɛ so na ebu da a ɛsɛ sɛ wowo no ho akontaa.
Dɛn ne sɔhwɛ atitiriw a wɔyɛ wɔ asram 3 a edi kan no mu?
Sɔhwɛ ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wɔyɛ bere a wɔyem no ntɛm. Momma yɛnte wɔn mu biara ase yiye. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw no, mede bɛma wɔ pon so.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Dɛn na wuhu wɔ eyi mu? |
|---|---|
| Pelvic nhwehwɛmu ne Pap smear | Ɛhwɛ sɛnea wo awotwaa mu nkwammoaa no te. Ɛsan nso hwɛ sɛ ebia awotwaa mu kokoram ne nna mu nyarewa (STD) bi wɔ hɔ anaa. |
| Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu | Wɔhwɛ wo mogya ne Rh factor, sɛ ebia mogya atɔ wo, sɛ ebia wowɔ ahoɔden a ɛko tia rubella (Germanfo akisikuru), ne sɛ ebia wowɔ nyarewa te sɛ Hepatitis B, Syphilis, ne HIV. |
| Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu | Wɔhwɛ sɛ asaabo mu nyarewa wɔ hɔ anaa. Wɔtaa hwɛ nsu no mu nso sɛ ebia glucose (asikreyare ho sɛnkyerɛnne) ne protein (preeclampsia ho sɛnkyerɛnne) anaa. |
| Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu titiriw afoforo | Ɛdenam w’abusua abakɔsɛm so no, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahwehwɛ awosu mu nyarewa te sɛ Tay-Sachs, Cystic Fibrosis, ne Sickle Cell Anemia nso. Ebia wɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea wo hormone hCG ne progesterone a ɛboa ma wunyinsɛn kɔ so no dodow nso. |
Sɔhwɛ titiriw a ɛhwɛ akokoaa no awosu mu tebea horow
Ɛrekɔ ɔsram abiɛsa a edi kan no awiei, wɔ adapɛn 11 kosi 14 ntam no, wɔbɛma wo nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii a ebetumi aboa wo ma woasua wo ba no awosu mu tebea horow ho ade. Gyinae a wubesi sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi gyina wo so koraa.
Ɛnanom binom te nka sɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ adesoa a ɛho nhia wɔ wɔn adwene so. Nanso afoforo pɛ sɛ wodi kan hu biribiara a wobetumi. Ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae sɛ ebia saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi rennyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ 100%.
Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa yiye ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu ho na si gyinae a ɛfata.
Nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ akokoaa no mu a ɛnyɛ asiane biara mma akokoaa no
Eyinom hwehwɛ sɛ wogye mogya ne scan fi wo hɔ nkutoo. Akokoaa no rempira ɔkwan biara so.
- Sɔhwɛ a Wɔaka abom: Eyi kyerɛ protein dodow a wɔfrɛ no `hCG` ne `PAPP-A` wɔ wo mogya mu. Bere koro no ara mu no, scan susuw honam ani hwɛbea a ɛwɔ akokoaa no kɔn akyi no mu duru. Wɔfrɛ eyi ` nuchal translucency (NT) scan`. Wɔka nea efi nhwehwɛmu abien no nyinaa mu ba bom de bu asiane a ɛwɔ awosu mu tebea horow te sɛ Down syndrome ne Trisomy 18 mu no ho akontaa.
- Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔyɛ ansa na Wɔawo Wɔn a Wɔmfa Nnuru Nhyɛ Mu (NIPT):Eyi nso yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔde mogya a wogye fii wo nsam na ɛyɛ. Wɔ nyinsɛn mu no, wɔde akokoaa no DNA no fã ketewaa bi ka ɛna no mogya ho. Saa sɔhwɛ yi tumi hu no pɛpɛɛpɛ kɛse (bɛyɛ 99%) sɛ ebia akokoaa no wɔ awosu mu yare bi denam saa DNA (`cell-free fetal DNA`) a wɔbɛhwehwɛ so.
Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde hyɛ akokoaa no mu a asiane kakraa bi na ɛba akokoaa no so
Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu yi akyerɛ sɛ atifi hɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow a asiane nnim no da ɔhaw bi adi, anaasɛ woadi boro mfe 35 anaasɛ wowɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ awosu mu nyarewa a.
- Chorionic villus sampling (CVS): Wɔtaa yɛ eyi wɔ nyinsɛn no adapɛn 10 kosi 12 ntam. Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi fa awotwaa no mu kɔ awotwaa no mu, anaasɛ wɔde ade ketewaa bi hyɛ yafunu no mu, na woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi awotwaa no mu. Sɛ wɔhwehwɛ saa ntini yi mu a, ebetumi ahu awosu mu tebea horow pii te sɛ Down syndrome, sickle cell anemia, ne cystic fibrosis pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Nea ɛho hia: Asiane ketewaa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nyinsɛn bɛtu (bɛyɛ 1%) wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu. Entumi nhu tebea horow te sɛ ntini mu ntini a ɛtɔ sin nso. Wɔde mogya mu nhwehwɛmu soronko hwehwɛ eyinom mu akyiri yi.
Na sɛ worewo mmanoma nso ɛ?
Wobu nyinsɛn a ɛyɛ mmanoma sɛ nyinsɛn a asiane kɛse wom. Enti, wo duruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo ne wo ba no yiye. Wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔtaa yɛ a ɛnanom afoforo yɛ no nyinaa, nanso ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ emu bi ntɛm kakra na wɔtaa yɛ.
Wo duruyɛfo nso betumi de wo akɔ awo ho oduruyɛfo anaa Maternal Fetal Medicine ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ ayaresabea hɔ da biara a wɔakyerɛw wɔ wo "ayaresa nhoma" mu. Ɛho hia paa ma wo ne wo ba no akwahosan.
- Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no ntɛm betumi aboa ma wɔahu akwahosan ho haw ahorow a ebetumi aba wo ba ne wo ba no mu.
- Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ biribi a ɛma wutumi paw nea wopɛ. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no ho asɛm kosi sɛ wubehu wɔn mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow no yiye.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa dadwen bi wɔ nhwehwɛmu biara ho a, nsuro sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa.
- Ɛsono nyinsɛn biara, enti ebia worennyɛ nhwehwɛmu koro no ara a w’adamfo no yɛe no, anaasɛ ebia wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔnyɛe. Mma ɛnhaw wo wɔ saa asɛm no ho.
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