Ebia wɔaka akyerɛ wo sɛ "hyia oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn" bere a yafunu ayɛ wo yaw anaasɛ akisikuru bi wɔ wo nipadua so baabi no. Sɛ wote saa a, wote ehu ne ehu kakra nka, ɛnte saa? Sɛ yɛte asɛmfua ‘oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn’ a, nneɛma te sɛ oprehyɛn dan ne oprehyɛn kɛse ba yɛn adwenem. Enti, hena ne oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo ankasa anaasɛ ‘General Surgeon’? So ɔyɛ oprehyɛn nkutoo? Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a yebeyi ehu ne adwenem naayɛ a atwa eyi ho ahyia no afi hɔ ara kwa.
Hena ne Oduruyɛfo a Ɔyɛ Oprehyɛn Kɛse yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, General Surgeon yɛ oduruyɛfo a wanya ntetee titiriw a ɔde bɛyɛ oprehyɛn. Yebetumi de wɔn atoto abusua oduruyɛfo a obetumi nso ayɛ oprehyɛn ho. Obetumi ahu wo yare no fi mfiase, asi ayaresa a ɛho hia ho gyinae, na sɛ ɛho hia a, wayɛ no oprehyɛn.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ɛnyɛ bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn no nko na oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn bɛka wo ho.
- Ɔhwɛ ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn: Ɔbɛyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu, ayɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia, na wasiesie wo ama oprehyɛn.
- Bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn (Operative care): Wɔyɛ oprehyɛn no dwoodwoo kɛse na edi mu.
- Oprehyɛn akyi hwɛ: Ɔbɛhwɛ w’akwahosan na wama wo afotu ne nnuru a ɛho hia wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi kosi sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo.
Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔbɛka wo ho fi mfiase akosi awiei wɔ w’ayaresa tebea no ho na wahwɛ wo.
Dɛn ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn sa?
Ɛnyɛ nipadua no fã biako pɛ na oduruyɛfo yɛ oprehyɛn. Wɔsa tebea horow pii. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛtaa ba no bi.
| Tebea/Adeyɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Dɛmdie | Nneɛma te sɛ opira a emu yɛ den a efi akwanhyia mu, mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ nipadua no mu, ne nea ɛkeka ho. |
| Nyarewa a ɛba yafunu mu | Tebea horow te sɛ appendicitis, hernia, gallstones, ne dwensɔtwaa mu tokuru. |
| Nufu mu nyarewa | Nhwehwɛmu ne oprehyɛn a wɔde yi akisikuru (a ɛyɛ kokoram ne nea ɛnyɛ kokoram) wɔ nufu no mu. |
| Nyarewa a ɛwɔ honam ani ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mu | Oprehyɛn nketenkete a wɔyɛ ma honam ani akisikuru, akisikuru, ne honam ani haw afoforo. |
| Endocrine tebea horow | Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ de hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ thyroid anaa adrenal glands ho. |
| Kokoram oprehyɛn (Oprehyɛn a wɔde yɛ kokoram) . | Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi kokoram a ɛwɔ aduan mu, nufu, anaa akwaa afoforo mu no fi hɔ. |
Nanso kae sɛ, sɛ oduruyɛfo bi hu yare bi a emu yɛ den yiye a ɛyɛ den ma no sɛ ɔbɛsa a, ɛda adi sɛ ɔde wo bɛkɔ oduruyɛfo foforo a ɔwɔ nimdeɛ a ɔde bɛsa no nkyɛn. Eyi bɛma woanya ayaresa a eye sen biara.
Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi asua ade ansa na wabɛyɛ oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo?
Eyi nyɛ akwantu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ obi a wanya ntetee ne ahofama a ɛkorɔn.
1. Nea edi kan no ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ oduruyɛfo: Mpɛn pii no ɛsɛ sɛ wusua ade wɔ aduruyɛ sukuu mu mfe 5-6 na wunya MBBS abodin krataa.
2. Afei oprehyɛn ntetee: Ɛno akyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔtra hɔ ho nhyehyɛe bɛboro mfe 5. Saa bere yi mu no, wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ oprehyɛnfo a wɔn ho akokwaw ase na wonya osuahu wɔ oprehyɛn ahorow mpempem pii a wɔyɛ mu.
3. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtwa sɔhwɛ titiriw bi mu: Wɔ ntetee yi akyi no, bere a wɔatwa sɔhwɛ ahorow pii a wɔkyerɛw ne anom a emu yɛ den yiye akyi nkutoo na wɔfata sɛ wɔyɛ adwuma sɛ oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo.
Enti wubetumi ahu sɛnea oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn a ɔresa wo yare no wɔ nimdeɛ ne osuahu.
Dɛn ne oprehyɛn ho akwan foforo a wɔfa so yɛ no nnɛ?
Sɛ yɛdwene ‘oprehyɛn’ ho a, yɛdwene biribi a ɛfa sɛ wɔbɛtwa nipadua no mu kɛseɛ, nanso ɛnam nnɛyi mfiridwuma so no, saa tebea no asesa kɛseɛ. Mprempren, nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de nnɛyi akwan horow a ɛnsɛe nipadua no kakraa bi sɛnea wobetumi (a ɛnyɛ nea ɛkɔ nipadua no mu kakraa bi) di dwuma.
1. Ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ endoscopy
Eyi yɛ nhwehwɛmu anaa oprehyɛn ketewaa bi a nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa yiye a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mfoninitwa afiri a wɔde abata ho fa abɔde mu abue bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, fa ano anaa akyi berɛmo mu) hyɛ mu, a wontwitwa honam ani.
- Wɔfrɛ nea wɔde fa ano no Upper GI Endoscopy. Eyi betumi ahwehwɛ mmeae te sɛ aduannuru ne yafunu mu.
- Colonoscopy yɛ adeyɛ a ɛfa akyi berɛmo no mu. Eyi ma wotumi hwehwɛ dwensɔtwaa kɛse no mu.
- Saa kwan yi betumi ayi nneɛma nketenkete a enyin (polyps) afi akyi berɛmo no mu na wɔafa ntini nketenkete (biopsies) de ayɛ nhwehwɛmu.
2. Oprehyɛn a wɔde laparoscopic yɛ
Eyi ne nea nnipa pii frɛ no ‘safe tokuru oprehyɛn’ anaa ‘laser oprehyɛn.’ Nanso, wɔmfa laser hann biara nni dwuma wɔ eyi mu.
Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ, sɛ́ anka wɔbɛtwa yafunu no mu kɛse no, wɔyɛ ntokuru nketewa kakraa bi pɛ (bɛyɛ sɛntimita 1), wɔde mfoninitwa afiri (laparoscope) fa tokuru biako mu, wɔde nnwinnade a wɔde yɛ oprehyɛn fa ntokuru afoforo no mu, na wɔyɛ oprehyɛn no bere a wɔrehwɛ television so.
Mfaso a ɛwɔ saa kwan yi so:
- Ntwitwiridii akɛse anaa akuru biara nni hɔ.
- Ɛyaw no sua.
- Nya ahoɔden ntɛm na kɔ fie ntɛm.
- Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya ɔyare mmoawa no sua.
Mprempren, wɔde saa kwan yi na ɛyɛ oprehyɛn pii te sɛ appendectomy ne cholecystectomy.
3. Robɔt Oprehyɛn a Wɔde Yɛ Oprehyɛn
Eyi yɛ nkɔso foforo a aba wɔ oprehyɛn a wɔde laparoscopic yɛ mu. Ɛha yi, ɛnyɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no di nnwinnade a wɔde yɛ oprehyɛn no ho dwuma tẽẽ. Wɔde robɔt abasa a oduruyɛfo no di so fi kɔmputa so na ɛyɛ oprehyɛn no. Eyi ma wotumi yɛ oprehyɛn a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ den sen biara mpo pɛpɛɛpɛ kɛse.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ nnipa nyinaa so ne oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn ntam?
Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a nnipa pii wɔ. Mmuae no yɛ mmerɛw yiye.
Oduruyɛfo biara a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ oduruyɛfo, nanso ɛnyɛ oduruyɛfo biara na ɔyɛ oprehyɛn.
Ɛne sɛ, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ oduruyɛfo a wawie MBBS abodin krataa na wanya ntetee ne ahwehwɛde soronko bi de aka oprehyɛn a ɔyɛ ho. Bere a w’abusua oduruyɛfo a ɔtaa yɛ (General Practitioner - GP) de nnuru sa nyarewa no, oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo wɔ tumi ne ntetee a ɔde sa nyarewa ɛnyɛ nnuru nko, na mmom ɔnam oprehyɛn so nso sɛ ɛho hia a.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- General Surgeon yɛ oduruyɛfo titiriw a ɔwɔ nimdeɛ ne ntetee pii a ɔde bɛsa w’ayaresa tebea horow.
- Nsuro sɛ wɔde wo bɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn nkyɛn. Ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nneɛma bi a ɛbɛma woanya ayaresa a eye sen biara a wuhia.
- Sɛ wote asɛmfua ‘oprehyɛn’ a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa ehu, adwenem naayɛ, anaa nsɛmmisa biara a ebia wowɔ ho a wontwentwɛn wo nan ase. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo.
- Ɛnnɛ, wɔde nnɛyi akwan horow a ɛnsɛe nipadua no kɛse na ɛma nipadua no ho tɔ no ntɛmntɛm na ɛyɛ oprehyɛn dodow no ara.
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