Dɛn ne glucose? Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛne asikreyare wɔ abusuabɔ?

Sɛ woka asikreyare ho asɛm a, ebia wobɛte nsɛmfua ‘Mogya Asikre’ anaa ‘Glucose’ bere nyinaa, ɛnte saa? Ɛho hia yiye sɛ yehu nea glucose yɛ ankasa, ahoɔden fibea ma yɛn nipadua fi nnuan a yedi mu, titiriw sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaasɛ wowɔ asikreyare ho asiane mu a. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka ho asɛm tiawa, A kosi Z.

Dɛn ne Glucose ne Insulin?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, glucose yɛ asikre bi . Yenya fi nnuan a yedi mu, titiriw nnuan a carbohydrates pii wom. Yɛn nipadua no de saa glucose yi di dwuma de ma nkwammoaa no ahoɔden. Sɛ saa glucose yi fa mogya no mu a, yɛfrɛ no "mogya mu asikre" anaa 'mogya mu asikre'.

Afei ɛha na insulin dwumadi ba Insulin yɛ hormone a wɔyɛ wɔ yɛn dwensɔtwaa mu. Te sɛ safe no, insulin yi na ebue yɛn nipadua mu nkwammoaa mu na ɛboa ma glucose a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no kɔ saa nkwammoaa no mu na ɛma ahoɔden ba.

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ Asikreyare a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo mogya mu glucose dodow dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Nneɛma abien na ebetumi ama eyi aba:

1. Sɛ́ ebia wo nipadua no ntumi nyɛ insulin a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma glucose a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no akɔ nkwammoaa no mu.

2. Anaasɛ, ɛwom sɛ insulin wɔ hɔ de, nanso wo nipadua mu nkwammoaa ntumi nyɛ ho hwee yiye (Insulin Resistance).

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn ama glucose akɔ yɛn nipadua mu?

Nnuan pii a yedi, titiriw nea carbohydrates pii wom te sɛ paanoo, aburow, ɛmo, ne nnuaba no, glucose wɔ mu. Sɛ yedidi wie a, aduan no kɔ yafunu no mu na enzyme ne acid mu paapae mu nketenkete. Saa adeyɛ yi ma glucose fi adi.

Afei, saa glucose yi kɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu na ɛkɔ mogya no mu. Ɛno ne bere a insulin hormone no ba mu na ɛboa ma saa glucose yi kɔ nkwammoaa no mu.

Ahoɔden ne nneɛma a wɔkora so: Dɛn na ɛba glucose a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no so?

Wɔayɛ yɛn nipadua no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a glucose dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no bɛkɔ so atra hɔ daa. Sɛ mogya mu glucose dodow kɔ soro bere a yɛadi akyi a, nkwammoaa titiriw (beta nkwammoaa) a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu no yɛ insulin. Saa insulin yi bue ɔpon ma glucose kɔ ntini, srade, ne mmerɛbo mu nkwammoaa mu.

Amemene no mu pɛtro titiriw

Ɛwom sɛ nkwammoaa dodow no ara a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no de glucose, amino acid (nneɛma a ɛkyekye protein ahorow), ne srade di dwuma de nya ahoɔden de, nanso yɛn amemene no mu pɛtro titiriw ne glucose.Glucose ho hia na ama wɔadi nsɛm a ɛfa ntini mu nkwammoaa ne nnuru a wɔde kɔ amemene no mu ho dwuma. Sɛ glucose nni hɔ a, yɛn amemene no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye.

Ahoɔden a ɛboro so a wɔkora so

Sɛ nipadua no de ahoɔden a ehia no di dwuma wie a, wɔkora glucose a aka no so wɔ mmerɛbo ne ntini ahorow no mu sɛ akuwakuw nketewa a wɔfrɛ no glycogen . Yɛn nipadua no betumi akora ahoɔden a ehia da koro no so wɔ saa kwan yi so.

Fa no sɛ wunnidi nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi. Wo mogya mu glucose dodow so tew. Saa bere no, dwensɔtwaa no gyae insulin yɛ na efi ase yɛ hormone foforo a wɔfrɛ no glucagon . Saa glucagon yi ma mmerɛbo no kyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛdan glycogen a wɔakora so no asan ayɛ no glucose. Afei saa glucose no kɔ mogya no mu, na ɛma nipadua no nya ahoɔden kosi sɛ wubedidi bio.

Mogya mu Glucose ne Asikreyare

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu bɛkɔ soro bere a wɔadi awie no na afei akɔ fam bio wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi akyi. Ɛsɛ sɛ asikre dodow a obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden wɔ mmuadadi mu no nnu 100 mg/dL.

Nanso sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, wo nipadua no ntumi nni eyi ho dwuma yiye.

Asikreyare ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1: Wɔ asikreyare a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso sɛe nkwammoaa a ɛma insulin wɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu no, na ɛma nipadua no ntumi nyɛ insulin a ɛdɔɔso.
• Asikreyare a Ɛto so Abien: Wɔ tebea yi mu no, nipadua no mu nkwammoaa ntumi nyɛ insulin ho adwuma yiye. Ne saa nti, ɛsɛ sɛ dwensɔtwaa no yɛ insulin pii na ama glucose akɔ nkwammoaa no mu. Bere kɔ so no, ebia dwensɔtwaa no bɛyɛ mmerɛw na entumi nyɛ insulin a ɛdɔɔso.

Sɛ insulin nnɔɔso a, glucose boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu mmom sen sɛ ɛbɛkɔ nkwammoaa no mu. Sɛ mogya mu glucose dodow boro 200 mg/dL nnɔnhwerew 2 wɔ adidi akyi anaasɛ ɛboro 125 mg/dL bere a wɔadi mmuada no, wɔfrɛ no hyperglycemia .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wosusuw asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu?

Akwan abien a wɔtaa fa so yɛ adwuma ne:

1. Nsateaa mu Sɔhwɛ: Wɔde lancet yi mogya kakraa bi fi nsateaa no ano, de gu sɔhwɛ krataa so, na wɔde glucose mita susuw. Wubetumi ahu asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu mprempren no wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu.

2. Continuous Blood Glucose Monitor (CGM): Wɔde sensor ketewaa bi hyɛ honam ani, mpɛn pii no wɔ abasa anaa yafunu mu. Ɛkɔ so susuw asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu denam nsu a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa ntam a ɛhwɛ so na ɛde data no kɔ afiri bi te sɛ telefon so app so.

Dɛn ne A1c sɔhwɛ no?

A1c nhwehwɛmu (HbA1c sɔhwɛ) yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu wɔ asram 2-3 a atwam no mu.

Sɛ glucose kɔ mogya no mu a, ɛbata hemoglobin, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no fã a ɛde mframa pa kɔ mogya no mu no ho. A1c nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ hemoglobin dodow a asikre (glycated) akata wo mogya mu. Dodow a mogya mu glucose kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na wo A1c bo no kɔ soro.

Dɛn na ɛde asikre dodow a ɛba mogya mu (Hypoglycemia) ba?

Hypoglycemia yɛ tebea a asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no so tew ba fam sen 70 mg/dL. Eyi betumi abɛyɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara. Nneɛma pii nti na eyi betumi asi.

• Nsã a wɔnom wɔ yafunu a hwee nni mu.
• Insulin anaa asikreyare nnuru afoforo a wɔnom pii sen sɛnea ɛho hia.
• Adidi a wohuruw.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wobɛyɛ sen sɛnea wɔtaa yɛ.
• Nsakrae a ɛba nkwaadɔm mu (e.g. ɔsram biara brayɛ).

Sɛ asikre dodow so tew a, dɛn na woyɛ?

Wubetumi adi "15-15 mmara" a Amerika Asikreyare Fekuw no kamfo kyerɛ no akyi:

1. Di anaa nom carbohydrates a ɛyɛ adwuma ntɛmntɛm gram 15 (e.g. asikre/glucose teaspoon 3, ɛwo tablespoon 1).

2. Twɛn simma 15 .

3. Hwɛ asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu bio. Sɛ ɛda so ara nnu 70 mg/dL a, fa carbohydrates gram 15 foforo.

4. Tia eyi mu kosi sɛ asikre dodow no bɛsan ayɛ sɛnea na ɛte kan no.

Dɛn na ɛde asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu (Hyperglycemia) ba?

Sɛ asikre dodow boro 180 mg/dL wɔ mogya mu a, wɔfrɛ no hyperglycemia. Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa.

• Insulin anaa nnuru afoforo a wɔmfa nni dwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔnyɛ.
• Yare bi (e.g. atiridiinini, atiridii) anaa ɔyare mmoawa.
• Ɔbrɛ.
• Adidi a ɛboro nea wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Sɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu yɛ 300 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa mprenu a ɛtoatoa so a , frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Asikreyare a ɛkɔ soro a wɔansa no betumi ama obi anya ketoacidosis , anaa asikreyare a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu. Kɔ ayaresabea dwumadibea a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so (ETU) ntɛm ara sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biara a:

• Nnuaba hua a ɛwɔ ɔhome no so.
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe.
• Ano a ɛyɛ kusuu dodo.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛma asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no akɔ so ayɛ nea ɛfata. Di wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi. Hwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu daa. Sɛ woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu, wudi aduan a ɛkari pɛ, ne nnuru a wɔakyerɛw ama wo a, wubetumi abɔ bra pa.