So wo nsateaa kotow san n’akyi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nwonwa so? Wɔfrɛ no (Hitchhiker's Thumb)! Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm.

So woahu sɛ nkurɔfo kotow wɔn nsateaa kɔ akyi te sɛ rɔba pɛn? Ɛte sɛ bere a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubesiw kar bi wɔ kwan so na worekyinkyim wo nsateaa akɔ soro no? Ebia wo nso wubetumi abɔ wo nsateaa saa kwan yi so. Eyi ne nea wɔfrɛ no `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` kɛkɛ wɔ aduruyɛ mu. So yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm akɔ akyiri nnɛ?

Dɛn ne saa `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` yi? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Hitchhiker’s Thumb yɛ tebea a ɛma nkwaa a ɛbɛn nnadewa a ɛwɔ wo nsateaa so no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wobetumi abɔ akɔ anim ne akyi (hypermobile). Nnuruyɛfo nso frɛ eyi "distal joint hyperextensibility." Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɛ wutumi kotow wo nsateaa a ɛwɔ soro no kɔ akyi bɛboro digrii 50 a, ebia wowɔ Hitchhiker’s Thumb.

Fa no sɛ te sɛ nsateaa a wode bisa sɛ wɔmfa lift mma kar bi a wode besiw kar wɔ abɔnten so. Saa na nsateaa no te wɔ asɛm yi mu. Ɛno nti na wɔfrɛ no ``Hitchhiker's Thumb''. Ebetumi ayɛ wo nsateaa biako pɛ so, anaasɛ abien no nyinaa so. Nnipa binom wɔ nsa biako a wɔakotow, bere a nsateaa a ɛwɔ ɔfã foforo no taa yɛ tẽẽ.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ mpɛn pii no, Hitchhiker Nsateaa mma ɛyaw biara . Ɛmfa ɔhaw anaa nsɛnnennen biara nso mma bere a wode nsa no redi dwuma no. Nanso, wɔ nsɛm a ɛntaa nsi mu no, ebia ɛne awosu mu tebea horow bi wɔ abusuabɔ.

Dɛn nti na eyi `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` nyin? So ɛyɛ awosu mu nneɛma?

Yiw, nyansahufo pii gye di sɛ ``Hitchhiker's Thumb'' yɛ biribi a wɔde fi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ biribi a wunya fi w'awofo hɔ.

Wunim, wɔ 1953 mu no, nhwehwɛmufo baanu yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu bi wɔ mmusua bɛyɛ 450 ho. Wɔde afiri a wɔde twetwe nneɛma susuw baabi a nkurɔfo nsateaa kotow kɔ akyi. Sɛ obi nsateaa kotow kɔ akyi digrii 50 anaa nea ɛboro saa a, na wɔfrɛ no "Hitchhiker's Thumb." Wofi saa nhwehwɛmu yi mu hui sɛ "Hitchhiker's Thumb" yɛ awosu mu su na wɔde fa awo ntoatoaso ahorow mu sɛ su a ɛkɔ fam .

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea saa afã bruu yi yɛ kɛkɛ.

Yɛn nipadua no su biara, sɛ nhwɛso no, wo tenten, wo honam ani kɔla, w’ani kɔla, ne nea ɛkeka ho no, awosu mu nkwaadɔm a yenya fi yɛn awofo hɔ na ɛkyerɛ. Saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi wɔ yɛn DNA mu. Wɔ su biara ho no, yenya awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien, biako fi yɛn maame hɔ na biako fi yɛn papa hɔ. Saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi wɔ nhyehyɛe soronko bi, a wɔfrɛ no alleles.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ saa ``alleles`` abien yi yɛ soronko a, biako betumi ayɛ awosu mu abɔde a ɛwɔ tumi anaasɛ "ɛyɛ den", na biako nso betumi ayɛ nea ɛkɔ fam .Ebetumi ayɛ ``recessive'' anaa "weak" gene. Sɛ awosu mu abɔde titiriw no wɔ hɔ a, esiw awosu mu abɔde a ɛkɔ fam no ano, na awosu mu abɔde a ɛwɔ tumi kɛse no su fi adi. Nanso, sɛ wo nya recessive genes mmienu firi wo maame ne wo papa nyinaa hɔ a, ɛnde wo nso wo nya recessive gene no su, te sɛ yei ``(Hitchhiker's Thumb)``.

Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ w'awofoɔ mmienu no nyinaa wɔ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` a, hokwan pa wɔ hɔ sɛ wo nso wobɛnya bi. Nanso, sɛ wunya awosu mu abɔde a ɛwɔ tumi kɛse ma nsateaa tẽẽ fi w’awofo no mu biako hɔ ne awosu mu abɔde a ɛkɔ fam ma `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` fi ɔwofo foforo no hɔ a, worennya `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)`. Efisɛ saa awosu mu abɔde titiriw no siw awosu mu abɔde a ɛkɔ fam no ano. Ate aseɛ?

Akwahosan tebea afoforo bɛn na wobetumi de abata `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` ho?

Ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no Hitchhiker Nsateaa no nyɛ ɔhaw wɔ n’ankasa so de, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi abu no sɛ ɛyɛ awosu mu tebea afoforo pii ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Tebea horow no bi ni:

• Joint hypermobility syndrome: Eyi yɛ ntini a ɛka bom yɛ adwuma. Nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye na ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ɛma wɔn nkwaa yɛ mmerɛw sen sɛnea ɛte daa.
• Diastrophic dysplasia: This is a very rare, congenital genetic condition that affects the development of bones and cartilage. Ɛyɛ nnompe mu yare bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Atelosteogenesis type 2: Eyi nso yɛ awosu mu yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa a ɛka nnompe ne ntini a ɛyɛ den no nyin. Ɛte sɛ ``Diastrophic dysplasia`` a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, nanso emu yɛ den kakra.
• Atelosteogenesis type 3: Eyi nso yɛ awosu mu yare a ɛntaa nsi. Ɛka nnompe nyin wɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu.

Ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae sɛ saa tebea horow yi ho yɛ na koraa. Wei nkyerɛ sɛ obiara a ɔwɔ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` wɔ saa tebea horow yi.

Sɛ wowɔ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` a, sɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan?

Sɛ wowɔ nsateaa nkwaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye (hypermobile) a, ɛno ne Hitchhiker Thumb ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw. Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara nka eyi ho.

Nanso, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a Hitchhiker Nsateaa betumi ayɛ yare anaa tebea foforo bi fã. Sɛ ɛba saa a, wobehu no aka saa yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho. Enti, sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛka Hitchhiker’s Thumb ho a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛbɔ oduruyɛfo amanneɛ.

Dɛn na ɛto obi a ɔwɔ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)`? Dɛn na ɛbɛba daakye?

Sɛ yɛbɛka obi a ɔwɔ ``Hitchhiker's Thumb'' daakye ho nkɔm a, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ nea ɛde ba.

• Sɛ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` baako pɛ na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔatew ne ho a:Nnipa dodow no ara wɔ nsateaa nkwaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Sɛ wowɔ "hitchhiker's thumb" biako pɛ a, ɛtaa mma ɛyaw biara anaasɛ ɛmma nsa no nni dwuma. Ɛmfa akwahosan ho haw foforo biara mma. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi kyerɛ sɛ ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi betumi anya ntini mu yare kakra asen afoforo.
• Sɛ ɛbata yare foforo ho a: Ɛnde daakye tebea no bɛsono a egyina yare a yɛreka ho asɛm no so.
• Sɛ nhwɛso no, obi a ɔwɔ nkwaa mu yare a ɛma obi tumi tu mmirika boro so no betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so atew bere a onyin na wanya ntini mu yare no. Wɔ ebinom fam no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den koraa. Wɔ afoforo fam no, ɛyaw no betumi ayɛ kɛse. Nanso mpɛn pii no, wobetumi adi tebea no ho dwuma denam nkwaa no a wɔbɛbɔ ho ban na wɔanom nnuru a wɔde sa ɛyaw so.
• Nnipa a wɔwɔ diastrophic dysplasia betumi atra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa wɔn yare yiye a. Ayaresa no gyina sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ne nipadua nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛka no so. Ebia nea ɛka ho ne aduannuru a wɔde sa yare, ɔhome mu ayaresa, nipadua mu ayaresa, nsa oprehyɛn, nsensan ho ayaresa, ne steroid.
• Atelosteogenesis type 2 ne type 3 betumi de akwahosan ho haw ahorow a emu yɛ den aba. Wɔwo nkokoaa pii a wɔwɔ saa tebea horow yi a wɔawuwu anaasɛ wowuwu wɔ awo akyi bere tiaa bi esiane ɔhome a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye nti. Nanso, nkokoaa binom nya nkwa bere a wɔhwɛ wɔn yiye na wɔsa wɔn yare.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wosusu sɛ wowɔ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)`, anaasɛ wosusu sɛ wowɔ tebea afoforo a yɛaka ho asɛm no mu biako a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu. Titiriw no, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biara a:

• Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ wo nsa anaa nkwaa biara dwumadi mu a .
• Sɛ wote nsakrae bi nka wɔ tumi a wode bɛkeka wo nsa anaa wo nkwaa biara mu (te sɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw, mmerɛwyɛ).
• Sɛ wuhu sɛ wo nsa anaa wo nkwaa biara ho ahonhon na/anaasɛ sɛnea ɛte no sesa a .
• Sɛ ɛyaw a ɛwɔ wo nsa anaa wo nkwaa biara mu no reyɛ kɛse a .

So `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` yɛ anansesɛm ampa?

Eyi nso yɛ nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ anigye kakra. Nnipa binom gye di sɛ `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)` yɛ asɛm bi kɛkɛ, anansesɛm. Efisɛ efi saa 1953 nhwehwɛmu no, wɔnyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu pii wɔ eyi ho.

Nyansahufoɔ binom gye di sɛ nsateaa ntumi nkɔ ahodoɔ mmienu pɛ nko ara - a ɛne, nea ɔde hitchhiker no nsateaa ne deɛ ɔnyɛ hitchhiker no nsateaa. Wogye di sɛ hitchhiker nsateaa yɛ nea ɛyɛ den kɛse, na ɛnyɛ awosu mu abɔde biako, anaa alleles abien na ɛhwɛ so. Wogye di sɛ ɛsono sɛnea nsateaa a ɛbɔ no kɛse wɔ onipa biara mu, efi baabi a nnipa binom ntumi nkɔ fam koraa kosi baabi a afoforo bɔ kɛse. Enti, wɔka sɛ wontumi nkyekyɛ nsateaa mu biako pɛ, na ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii wɔ asɛm yi ho.

Enti, awiei koraa no, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae?

Okay, enti momma yɛmmɔ nsɛm a ɛho hia a wubehu sɛ ɛho hia wɔ nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu no bi mua:

Sɛ wobɛtumi abɔ wo nsateaa a ɛwɔ soro no akɔ akyi bɛboro digrii 50 a, ebia wobɛnya `(Hitchhiker's Thumb)`.

Wɔ nnipa dodow no ara fam no, eyi kyerɛ ara ne sɛ wo nsateaa nkwaa no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Mpɛn pii no, eyi nyɛ yaw na ɔhaw biara nni ho sɛ wode wo nsa bedi dwuma.

Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa , ebia Hitchhiker Thumb no ne awosu mu yare anaa tebea bi a ɛntaa nsi wɔ abusuabɔ.

Sɛ wowɔ eyi ho dadwen bi, anaasɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛka nsateaa afã yi ho a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu. Afei oduruyɛfo no betumi aboa wo sɛnea ɛho hia, adi ɔhaw biara a ebia wubehyia ho dwuma, na wakyerɛkyerɛ wo tebea no mu.

Enti, so wo nsateaa nso kotow saa? Ebetumi ayɛ ade a ɛyɛ nwonwa ara kwa! Nanso, sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, ɛyɛ papa bere nyinaa sɛ wubebisa, ɛnte saa?

` Hitchhiker's Thumb, nsateaa, nkwaa, awosu mu nkwaadɔm, hypermobility, distal nkwaa hyperextensibility, recessive su