Momma yensua pii fa Leptospirosis ho - Sɛnea wobɛtena ahobammɔ mu wɔ ho!

Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yareɛ bi a ɛyɛ hu kakra a wɔtaa ka ho asɛm wɔ osutɔ berɛ mu wɔ yɛn man yi mu. So woate ‘ntɛtea atiridii’ ho asɛm ? Ɛno ne nea ɛte. Nanso wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, wɔfrɛ no Leptospirosis. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea eyi yɛ, sɛnea ɛde ba, nea ɛkyerɛ, ne sɛnea wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi ho.

Dɛn ne Leptospirosis? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Leptospirosis yɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no Leptospira na ɛde ba . Saa mmoawa yi betumi afa nsensanee ketewaa bi so akɔ wo nipadua mu anaasɛ wɔatwa wo honam ani, anaasɛ mmeae a abue te sɛ w’ani, hwene, anaa w’ano. Fa no sɛ ɔkorɔmfo bi rebu wo fie.

Eyi yɛ yare a ɛde mmoawa ba . Wei kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wo ne nsuo (yɛfrɛ no nsuo ) anaa nsuo a ɛfiri aboa bi a ɔwɔ yareɛ no awoɔ mu di nkitaho tẽẽ, anaa sɛ wowe nsuo, dɔteɛ, anaa aduane a mmoawa yi ayɛ mu ma a, wobɛtumi anya yareɛ no.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya eyi?

Nokwarem no, obiara a ɔwɔ wiase no betumi anya leptospirosis. Nanso, ɛtaa ba aman a ɛhɔ yɛ hyew na ɛhɔ yɛ hyew mu, titiriw wɔ mmeae a osu tɔ yiye afe mũ no nyinaa . Yɛn man Sri Lanka yɛ emu biako. Enti, sɛ wote beae a ɛte saa, anaa sɛ wutu kwan a, asiane no yɛ kɛse.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so:

• Akuafo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ afuw mu , nnipa a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ atɛkyɛ mu.
• Nnipa a wɔhohoro nsuo a ɛkɔ nsuo mu ho , municipal adwumayɛfoɔ.
• Nnipa a wɔne mmoa yɛ adwuma yiye wɔ mfuw mu (mmoa te sɛ anantwi, mpapo, mprako, ne akraman).
• Wɔn a wɔrehuruhuruw wɔ nsu fĩ mu wɔ abɔde mu asiane te sɛ nsuyiri bere mu , ne mmoa adwumayɛfo fam.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a, asiane yi betumi aba bere mpo a wɔreguare wɔ asubɔnten, asubɔnten, asubɔnten, anaa ɔtare mu de agye wɔn ani , titiriw wɔ mmeae a wobu nsu no sɛ ɛho agu fĩ, anaasɛ bere a wɔreyɛ nsu so agodie (te sɛ nsu fitaa a wɔde tu mmirika). Asiane yi yɛ kɛse mpo wɔ osutɔ bere ne nsuyiri akyi.

Wɔ Amerika mpo no, saa yare yi atrɛw wɔ nsuyiri akyi wɔ amantam te sɛ Hawaii ne Florida. Enti eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wobu no adewa.

Saa yare yi abu so dɛn? Ɛte dɛn wɔ nnipa mu?

Worldwide, it is estimated that more than a million people get leptospirosis each year . Eyinom mu bɛyɛ mpem aduosia wuwu . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ eyi yɛ yare a ebetumi akum obi. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ yɛma yehu eyi.

Dɛn ne leptospirosis no fã ahorow?

Leptospirosis no afã atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.

1. Leptospiremic fã anaa ɔfã a emu yɛ den:Eyi ne ɔfã a edi kan. Saa gyinabea yi betumi afi ase nna abien kosi dunan akyi bere a `Leptospira` mmoawa no hyɛn nipadua no mu. Ɛtaa di bɛyɛ nnansa kosi du. Saa bere yi mu no, mmoawa no di akɔneaba wɔ wo mogya mu na ɛkɔ wo mu akwaa ahorow mu . Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ saa bere yi betumi akyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare no. Ebia nnipa binom benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den te sɛ atiridiinini wɔ saa bere yi mu, bere a afoforo nso rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa.

2. Immune phase (late phase): Saa bere yi de, mmoawa no atrɛw afi mogya no mu akɔ w’akwaa ahorow mu dedaw. Saa mmoawa yi boaboa ano wɔ asaabo mu, titiriw wɔ asaabo mu . (Asaabo te sɛ afiri a wɔde yiyi mogya mu wɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛtew mogya no ho). Enti, sɛ woyɛ nsu mu nhwehwɛmu saa bere yi a, wubetumi ahu mmoawa no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Wubetumi nso ahu nnuru a ɛko tia `Leptospira` mmoawa no wɔ wo mogya mu.

Ɛyɛ saa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa yi mu na nnipa binom nya tebea bi a emu yɛ den a wɔfrɛ no Weil’s syndrome . Eyi betumi de nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ nipadua no mu, asaabo a ɛsɛe, ne aniwa ne honam ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ (jaundice) aba.

Dɛn ne leptospirosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Nnipa binom nya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den te sɛ atiridiinini, bere a afoforo nso nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa. Wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den mu no, nea ɛkyerɛ ne mogya a ɛba nipadua no mu ne akwaa a ɛsɛe.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛda adi mpofirim wɔ leptospirosis a emu yɛ den mu:

• Atiridiinini a emu yɛ den a obi wɔ
• Aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ (conjunctival injection) .
• Tipaeɛ
• Awɔw ( awɔw a wɔte nka ) .
• Ntini mu yaw
• Yafunu mu yaw
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe
• Ayamtuo
• Wora ne aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ (Jaundice) - Wei yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛsɛ sɛ wode w’adwene si so kakra.
• Honam ani akisikuru, akisikuru

Leptospirosis a emu yɛ den ``Weil's syndrome'' ho sɛnkyerɛnne (ebetumi ada adi nnafua 3-10 wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan no afi ase akyi):

• Mogya a wɔfe (hemoptysis) .
• Koko mu yaw
• Ɔhaw a ɛba wɔ ɔhome mu
• Wora ne aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ tuntum
• Black , tarry stool - Eyi betumi ayɛ mogya a ɛretu wɔ nipadua no mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu (hematuria) .
• Nsu a wɔtow gu no so tew
• Nsonsonoe kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ tratraa wɔ honam ani, a ɛte sɛ akisikuru (petechiae) .

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den yi bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara .

Nea ɛde leptospirosis ba ne nea ɛtrɛw

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɔyare mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no `Leptospira` na ɛde leptospirosis ba. Saa mmoawa yi nam w’ano, wo hwene, w’ani, anaa wo honam ani abubuw mu kɔ wo nipadua mu. Afei ɛfa wo mogya mu kɔ w’akwaa ahorow mu, titiriw w’asaabo. Asaabo no ne baabi a yɛn mogya "ho tew".

Asaabo no nam nsu mu yi nneɛma a wɔsɛe no ne awuduru fi nipadua no mu. Enti, saa mmoawa a wɔwɔ asaabo mu yi nso nam nsu mu fi nipadua no mu. Saa na leptospirosis kɔ onipa anaa aboa foforo mu.

Mpɛn pii no, nnipa nam mmoa a wɔwɔ `Leptospira` mmoawa no nsuo so nya saa yareɛ yi. Mpɔtorɔ na wɔde nneɛma titire kɔ, ɛno nti na wɔfrɛ no `rat fever'. Nanso ɛnyɛ mpɔtorɔ nko, na mmom mmoa a wɔnom nufusu biara te sɛ akraman, anantwi, apɔnkɔ, mprako betumi anya saa yare yi, na yebetumi anya bi afi wɔn hɔ. Ebia mmoa binom renkyerɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bere a wɔanya yare no.

Enti, sɛ wo ne nsuo (aburow afuo mu nsuo, efĩ nsuo, nsuyiri nsuo) anaa asase a mmoa yi nsuo ayɛ no fĩ a, wobɛtumi ayare. Nea ɛte ara ne sɛ:

• Nea ɛne aboa bi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no nsu anaa nipadua mu nsu afoforo di nkitaho tẽẽ .
• Ɛdenam nsu anaa dɔte a efĩ wom a wode bɛkɔ w’ani, hwene, anaa w’ano so, anaasɛ wode wo nsa bɛka honam ani a abubu so .

Sɛ osu kɛse tɔ anaa nsuyiri a, nnipa pii betumi anya saa yare yi prɛko pɛ. Bere a nsuyiri nsu sen no, saa mmoawa yi boaboa wɔn ho ano wɔ nsubɔnten, nsubɔnten, ne atare mu.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ leptospirosis ntaa mfi onipa biako hɔ nkɔ foforo mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wontumi mfa obi a ɔyare anaa obi a ɔne no bɛkasa anaasɛ ɔne no bɛkyere ne nsa so nnya bi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu yare yi? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Sɛ wowɔ leptospirosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, oduruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo na wabisa wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, baabi a woakɔ (titiriw sɛ woakɔ nsu a efĩ wom mu), ne nea woyɛ ho asɛm. Afei, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a edidi so yi:

• Mogya ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Woyi mogya kakraa bi fi wo nsa mu, anaasɛ wogye nsu, na wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no de hwɛ sɛ ebia Leptospira mmoawa no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ayɛ wo koko X-ray anaa CT scan . Eyinom betumi ahwɛ sɛ wo mu akwaa asɛe anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa leptospirosis?

Nnuruyɛfo de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa sa leptospirosis . Sɛ wowɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛnyɛ den na ɛnyɛ den a, ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hwɛ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo a wonnya ayaresa, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Sɛ wowɔ leptospirosis a emu yɛ den (te sɛ Weil yare) a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛho behia sɛ wɔde wo kɔ ayaresabea.Afei wɔde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa fa nkyene aduru (IV) so kɔ mogya no mu tẽẽ. Ɛdenam w’akwaa no mu nea ɛka so no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wode nnuru anaa ayaresa foforo di dwuma.

Nnuru ne akwan a wɔfa so sa yare:

• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Wɔde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ doxycycline, amoxicillin , ampicillin, penicillin-G, ne ceftriaxone na ɛyɛ eyi. Oduruyɛfo no begyina sɛnea wo tebea no nye ne w’akwahosan ho abakɔsɛm so asi aduru a ɔbɛma wo ho gyinae.
• Mfiri a wɔde ma mframa: Sɛ ɔyare no atrɛw akɔ w’ahurututu mu na ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔma wo afiri a wode bɛhome. Saa bere yi mu no, wɔde wo bɛda.
• Plasmapheresis: Wɔsan frɛ saa ayaresa yi plasma exchange, na ebetumi aboa nnipa a asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ leptospirosis bɛsɛe wɔn akwaa. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode wo mogya bɛfa afiri bi a ɛka ntini bi ho, de afiri bi adi dwuma de atew plasma no afi wo mogya no ho, de plasma asi ananmu, na afei woasan de mogya no ahyɛ wo nipadua mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobedi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu nyɛ den a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ na aboa ma wo ho atɔ wo. Sɛ atiridii ne nipadua mu yaw a, wubetumi anom nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a wɔtɔn te sɛ ibuprofen (e.g., Advil®, Motrin®) anaa acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol®, Panadol®). Nanso nnom nnuru biara bere nyinaa a wunnya wo duruyɛfo afotu .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi leptospirosis ho? (Ayaresa a wɔde siw ano) .

Mprempren wonni nnuru a wɔde bɔ eyi ho ban wɔ United States, na saa ara na ɛte wɔ yɛn man yi mu. Enti, ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi leptospirosis ho ne sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wobɛguare wɔ nsu a ebia mmoa nsu ayɛ mu ma mu anaasɛ wobɛkɔ mu . Titiriw no, twe wo ho fi nsuyiri ho.

Akwan foforo a wubetumi afa so atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so ni:

• `(Prophylaxis)`: ‍ , (: ), (: `(doxycycline)`) ‍ .
• Twe wo ho fi mmoa a ebia wɔwɔ leptospirosis ho. Nkɔ baabiara a mpɔtorɔ wɔ.
• Sɛ wo ne mmoa yɛ adwuma anaasɛ wowɔ baabi a mmoa ka ho a, hyɛ ntade a ɛbɔ wo ho ban ne mpaboa (e.g., mpaboa bere a worekɔ afuw mu).
• Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wode wo nsa hyɛ nsu anaa dɔte a ebia efĩ wom mu a, hyɛ mpaboa ne ntade a ɛbɔ wo ho ban.
• Gyae aguare ne nsu so agodie a wodi wɔ atare, nsubɔnten, ne nsubɔnten mu wɔ nsuyiri akyi.
• Nom nsu a wɔatew ho nkutoo. Nnom nsuo mfi atare, nsubɔnten, anaa nsubɔnten mu tẽẽ. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, noa no yiye na nom.
• Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wudi mmoa a wɔawuwu ho dwuma a, hyɛ nsateaa. Mfa nsa da hɔ nka wɔn, na fa samina hohoro wo nsa yie wɔ ɛno akyi.
• Fa aduru a nsu ntumi nkɔ mu kata akuru a abue ne wo honam ani nsensanee so.

Sɛ wunya leptospirosis a, dɛn na ɛba? (Nkɔmhyɛ) .

Leptospirosis dodow no ara yɛ nea emu nyɛ den, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛsa bere a wɔansa no yare . Nanso, oduruyɛfo bi bɛhwɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so.

Sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den, anaasɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne foforo a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara. Sɛ wowɔ Weil yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ wɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo.

Leptospirosis di bere tenten ahe?

Leptospirosis a emu nyɛ den betumi atra hɔ nna kakraa bi kosi adapɛn kakraa bi. Sɛ wowɔ leptospirosis a emu yɛ den a, ɛho behia sɛ wotra ayaresabea bɛyɛ adapɛn abien. Nsɛm a emu yɛ den betumi agye asram pii ansa na ne ho atɔ no koraa.

Bere bɛn na metumi asan akɔ adwuma/sukuu?

Leptospirosis ntaa mfi onipa biako hɔ nkɔ foforo mu, enti sɛ wo ho ye na wo ho tɔ wo pɛ a, wubetumi asan akɔ adwuma anaa sukuu.

So nkurɔfo nya nkwa wɔ leptospirosis mu?

Yiw, koraa. Nnipa dodow no ara a wonya leptospirosis no nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara, anaasɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den koraa, na wɔn ankasa siesie.

Nnipa a wonya leptospirosis no mu bɛyɛ 1% pɛ na wonya tebea a emu yɛ den a wɔfrɛ no `Weil's syndrome.` Weil's syndrome betumi adi awu sɛ wɔansa no ntɛm anaasɛ sɛ wɔkyɛ ayaresa a. Nanso , sɛ wohu no ntɛm na wɔsa no yare yiye a, hokwan pa wɔ hɔ sɛ ne ho bɛtɔ no koraa.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ leptospirosis a, hwɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no yiye. Sɛ wɔn mu yɛ den anaasɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Nom nsu pii na gye w’ahome.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ woakɔ nsu anaa asase a ebetumi ayɛ fĩ mu na afei woanya leptospirosis ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo ntɛm ara:

• Sɛ wofefe na mogya tu a
• Sɛ wowɔ koko mu yaw a
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a
• Sɛ aniwa ne honam ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ a
• Sɛ wowɔ nsu tuntum a wɔde tarry ayɛ a
• Sɛ mogya wɔ nsuo no mu a
• Sɛ nsu dodow a ɛba no so atew a
• Sɛ wowɔ nsensanee kɔkɔɔ wɔ wo honam ani (te sɛ akisikuru) .

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wubetumi abisa nsɛm yi:

• Ɛyɛɛ dɛn na minyaa saa yare yi?
• Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mesan kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bio?
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye, na sɛ ɛba a, ɛsɛ sɛ me ne wo kasa?
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ?

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Leptospirosis, anaa ‘rat fever’ sɛnea yɛfrɛ no no, yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛtaa de sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den ba, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ den. Ɛho hia sɛ wuhu sɛ ebia wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wobɛda wo ho adi esiane w’adwuma anaa w’anigyede nti anaa.

Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae wo hyɛmma a wode tu mmirika ne ahyɛmma a wode tu mmirika wɔ afuw mu no. Ɛdenam asiane ahorow a wubehu, ahwɛyiye a wubenya, ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wubehu so no, wubetumi anya apɔwmuden ne ahobammɔ. Hwɛ yiye titiriw wɔ osutɔ bere ne nsuyiri bere mu. Sɛ woma nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia no ho tew a, ɛno nso yɛ ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so anya ahobammɔ afi nyarewa yi ho.

` Rat fever, Leptospirosis, Leptospirosis, Mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba, Mmoa nyarewa, Asaabo mu nyarewa, Siw ano