Momma yensua mogya mu kokoram ho ade pɛpɛɛpɛ. Dɛn ne no ankasa, na so ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yesuro?

Ebia ehu kaa wo kakra bere a wotee asɛmfua " mogya mu kokoram " no . Ɛno yɛ ade a ɛfata, efisɛ sɛ yɛte nsɛm a ɛte sɛɛ a, yɛtaa suro. Nanso sɛ wuhu nea ɛyɛ, nea enti a ɛba, nea ɛkyerɛ, ne sɛ ebia ayaresa bi wɔ hɔ a, saa ehu no so tew kɛse. Enti ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka mogya mu kokoram tebea a wɔfrɛ no leukemia yi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye a wubetumi ate ase so. Sɛnea w’adamfo anaa w’abusua muni bi bɛka ho asɛm akyerɛ wo no ara pɛ.

Dɛn ne Leukemia?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mogya mu kokoram yɛ kokoram a efi ase wɔ mogya mu . Nnompe mu ntini ne beae titiriw a wɔyɛ mogya wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ɛte sɛ adwumayɛbea. Wɔ nnompe mu ntini yi mu no, mogya mu nkwammoaa, titiriw mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ennyinii , fi ase nyin ntɛmntɛm na ɛnyɛ ne kwan so. Asɛmfua "leukemia" fi Hela nsɛmfua "leukos" (fitaa) ne "haima" (mogya).

Nea ɛnte sɛ kokoram ahorow afoforo no , mogya mu kokoram ntaa nnya akisikuru a wobetumi ahu wɔ X-ray anaa CT scan so .

Leukemia ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Ahorow bi abu so wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu, bere a afoforo nso abu so wɔ mpanyimfo mu. Ayaresa a wubetumi apaw no gyina nneɛma pii so, a mogya mu kokoram ko, mfe a woadi, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa ka ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na mogya mu kokoram nya nkɔso?

Leukemia fi ase wɔ nnompe mu ntini , yɛn nnompe no fã a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛte sɛ sponge no mu. Ɛha na wɔyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a yɛn nipadua hia no. Saa mogya mu nkwammoaa yi ntumi nyɛ prɛko pɛ, na mmom ɛfa akwan horow pii so ansa na anyin koraa. Mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw na ɛho akokwaw ahorow abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ:

• Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ : Eyinom na ɛde oxygen ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛho hia kɔ yɛn nipadua nyinaa mu.
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa : Wɔn adwuma ne sɛ wɔbɛko atia nyarewa.
• Platelets : Eyinom boa ma mogya tu.

Saa mogya mu nkwammoaa yi nyinaa fi ase fi nkwammoaa titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no hematopoietic stem cells mu. Afei saa ntini mu nkwammoaa yi mu kyekyɛ yɛ abien: myeloid nkwammoaa ne lymphoid nkwammoaa. Sɛ eyinom nyin sɛnea ɛsɛ a, nkwammoaa a ɛho akokwaw a ɛba ne:

• Myeloid nkwammoaa (`(Myeloid nkwammoaa)`) .Wɔma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow bi (basophils, eosinophils , ne neutrophils) ba.
• Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no ma wonya mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow afoforo (lymphocytes) ne abɔde mu nkwammoaa a edi awu.

Nanso, wɔ obi a ɔwɔ mogya mu kokoram mu no, mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛrenyin yi biako fi ase kyekyɛ ntɛmntɛm a wontumi nni so . Yɛfrɛ saa nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi "leukemia nkwammoaa." Saa mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa yi gye baabi wɔ nnompe mu ntini no mu, na ɛhyɛ baabi a nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw no ma.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na mogya mu kokoram ka wo nipadua?

Susuw nea ɛba bere a mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa dɔɔso dodo na nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw sua dodo no ho hwɛ. Eyi ma nsemmisa pii sɔre:

• Leukemia nkwammoaa nyɛ hwee mfa mma wo nipadua no nnya apɔwmuden.
• Esiane sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no hyɛ nnompe mu ntini no ma nti, mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw nni baabi a ɛbɛnyin na anyin yiye .
• Enti, nipadua no ntumi nyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛte apɔw, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛdɔɔso a ebetumi aboaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu.
• Ne saa nti, w’akwaa ne wo ntini ahorow no nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso. Wo nipadua ntumi nko ntia nyarewa anaasɛ sɛ mogya tu wo a, ɛmma mogya nkɔ.

Dɛn ne mogya mu kokoram ahorow atitiriw?

Leukemia ahorow atitiriw anan na ɛwɔ hɔ ne nketewa pii. Nnuruyɛfo gyina sɛnea yare no trɛw ntɛmntɛm ne sɛ ebia mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa no fi myeloid anaa lymphoid nkwammoaa mu so kyekyɛ mogya mu kokoram mu.

Ɛdenam ahoɔhare a yare no kɔ so yɛ kɛse so

• Leukemia a emu yɛ den : Wɔ mogya mu kokoram a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, nkwammoaa no mu paapae ntɛmntɛm paa, na yare no kɔ so ntɛmntɛm. Sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram a emu yɛ den a, wubefi ase ate nka sɛ woyare wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi mu. Eyi betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wofi ase sa yare ntɛm ara . Leukemia a emu yɛ den ne kokoram a ɛtaa nya mmofra nkumaa.
• Leukemia a enni sabea : Wɔ saa ɔkwan yi mu no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ wɔn ade te sɛ nkwammoaa a ennyinii na ɛtɔ mmere bi nso a ɛte sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛho akokwaw. Nkwammoaa binom nyin kodu baabi na wɔyɛ wɔn adwuma kodu baabi – nanso ɛnyɛ yiye te sɛ nkwammoaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden. Yare no kɔ so nkakrankakra sen mogya mu kokoram a emu yɛ den. Sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram a enni sabea a, ebia worennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biara mfe pii. Ɛtaa ba mpanyimfo mu sen mmofra.

Sɛnea nkwammoaa su te

• Myelogenous anaa Myeloid leukemia : Eyi fi myeloid nkwammoaa mu. Myeloid nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ no ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ.
• Ntini mu mogya mu kokoram: Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu na ɛyɛ eyi. Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a lymphoid nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ no yɛ no yɛ yɛn nipadua no nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fã a ɛho hia yiye.

Leukemia ahorow atitiriw anan

Sɛ wɔka nkyekyɛmu abien yi bom a, wɔahu mogya mu kokoram ahorow atitiriw anan:

1. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) : Eyi ne mogya mu kokoram a wɔtaa hu wɔ mmofra ne mpanyimfo nkumaa (a wɔadi mfe 39) mu. Nanso, ebetumi aba wɔ mpanyimfo a wɔadi mfe biara mu.

2. Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) : Eyi ne mogya mu kokoram a emu yɛ den a ɛtaa ba mpanyimfo mu. Ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 65. Ebetumi aba mmofra nkumaa nso so.

3. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) : Eyi ne mogya mu kokoram a enni sabea a ɛtaa ba mpanyimfo mu (titiriw wɔn a wɔadi boro mfe 65). Wɔ CLL mu no, ebia ebegye mfe pii ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi.

4. Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) : Eyi nso taa ba nnipa a wɔn mfe akɔ anim (titiriw wɔn a wɔadi boro mfe 65), nanso ebetumi aka mpanyimfo a wɔadi mfe biara. Ɛntaa mma koraa wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu. Wɔ CML mu no, ebia ebegye mfe pii ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi.

Leukemia abu so dɛn?

Sɛnea akontaabu kyerɛ wɔ aman bi mu wɔ wiase nyinaa no, wobu mogya mu kokoram sɛ kokoram a ɛto so du a abu so. Ɛwom sɛ ebetumi aba obiara mu de, nanso wɔahu sɛ akuw bi wɔ asiane kɛse mu kakra:

• Nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 65 kosi 74.
• Mmarima.
• Wɔ mmusuakuw bi mu (e.g. Caucasians/whites - eyinom yɛ amannɔne data).

Nnipa pii susuw sɛ mogya mu kokoram yɛ yare a ɛka mmofra nkumaa nkutoo. Nanso, mogya mu kokoram ahorow bi abu so wɔ mpanyimfo mu. Ɛwom sɛ mogya mu kokoram ntaa mma mmofra de, nanso ɛno ne kokoram a abu so sen biara wɔ mmofra ne mpanyimfo nkumaa mu.

Dɛn ne mogya mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gyina mogya mu kokoram ko a obi wɔ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram a enni sabea a, ebia worennya sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biara wɔ mfiase no.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba wɔ mogya mu kokoram ho no bi ni:

• Ɔbrɛ a ɛba mpofirim , ɔbrɛ a ɛnyɛ den.
• Atiridii anaa fifiri a ɛba anadwo .
• Nyarewa a wɔtaa nya .
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den .
• Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw .
• Mu duru a ɛso tew a ntease biara nnim.
• Nnompe/nkwaa mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Ɛyaw anaasɛ atenka a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ ma wɔ mpampam a ɛwɔ benkum so no ase.
• Ntini a ɛho ahonhon wɔ kɔn, abasa, asen, anaa yafunu mu, akyi berɛmo anaa mmerɛbo a ayɛ kɛse.
• Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛpirapira na mogya atuHwene mu mogya, anom a mogya tu, akisikuru a ɛte sɛ nsensanee kɔkɔɔ nketenkete wɔ honam ani (petechiae) anaa nsensanee kɔkɔɔ/tuntum wɔ honam ani.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Dɛn na ɛde mogya mu kokoram ba?

Leukemia fi ase denam nsakrae (nsakrae) a ɛba nkwammoaa biako a ɛwɔ wo nnompe mu ntini mu no DNA mu so. DNA te sɛ "akwankyerɛ ahorow a wɔahyehyɛ." Saa DNA yi kyerɛ bere a nkwammoaa bi nyin, sɛnea ɛbɛhyehyɛ, ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ ewu.

Esiane saa nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae yi nti, mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa fi ase kyekyɛ kɔ so. Nkwammoaa biara a efi mfitiase nkwammoaa a wɔayɛ no foforo no mu ba no wɔ DNA a wɔayɛ no foforo yi.

Nyansahufo da so ara nnim nea enti a saa nkwammoaa yi sakra no ankasa, nanso wɔahu nsakrae bi a ɛtaa ba a wohu wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ mogya mu kokoram ahorow mu.

Hena na asiane kɛse wom sɛ obenya mogya mu kokoram?

Obiara betumi anya mogya mu kokoram. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ nneɛma bi betumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛse. Nneɛma yi bi ne:

• Woadi kan anya kokoram ayaresa : Sɛ woanya kokoram ayaresa te sɛ mframa a wɔde sa yare anaa nnuru a wɔde sa yare a, ɛda adi sɛ wubenya mogya mu kokoram ahorow bi.
• Sigaretnom : Sɛ wonom sigaret anaasɛ wo ne sigaretnom di dwuma a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
• Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu : Benzene ne formaldehyde yɛ nnuru a ɛde kokoram ba. Wobetumi ahu wɔ adansi nneɛma ne afie mu nnuru (plastic, rɔba, nnuru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa, nnuru, nnuru a wɔde hohoro nneɛma ho, samina, shampoo, nneɛma a wɔde tew nneɛma ho).
• Awosu mu tebea horow bi : Awosu mu tebea horow te sɛ neurofibromatosis, Klinefelter syndrome, Schwachman-Diamond syndrome, ne Down syndrome betumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛse.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa mogya mu kokoram ho : Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ mogya mu kokoram ahorow bi betumi akɔ so wɔ mmusua mu. Nanso, mpɛn pii no, esiane sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu wɔ mogya mu kokoram nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wo anaa w’abusua mu obi foforo benya mogya mu kokoram. Sɛ wo anaa w’abusua mu obi wɔ awosu mu yare bi a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ebia wɔbɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu mfa nhwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya mogya mu kokoram?

Ebia nea ebefi mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa mu aba no bɛma wo duruyɛfo ahu sɛ ebia wowɔ mogya mu kokoram a emu yɛ den anaasɛ enni sabea, na ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo. Anaasɛ, sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow toatoa so.

Ebia sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde hu yare no bi ne:

• Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu : Oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wate nka sɛ wo nipadua no ahuru sɛ ntini a ɛho ahonhon, akyi berɛmo a ayɛ kɛse, anaa mmerɛbo. Wɔbɛhwɛ nso sɛ mogya retu anaasɛ ɛho ahonhon wɔ anom. Ebia wɔbɛhwehwɛ honam ani akisikuru nso, a ebetumi ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, kɔkɔɔ, anaa bruu, na ɛne mogya mu kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ.
• Mogya Dodow a Edi Mu (CBC) : Saa mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi betumi akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow no nyɛ nea ɛfata a. Sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram a, ɛda adi sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow bɛkɔ soro koraa asen sɛnea ɛte daa.
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu : Wo duruyɛfo nso betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu foforo mfa nhwehwɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa anaa mogya mu kokoram pɔtee bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Flow cytometry ne peripheral blood smear yɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo a ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkra.
• Bone marrow biopsy (anaasɛ bone marrow aspiration) : Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛnteɛ wɔ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow mu a. Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔde ade tenten bi hyɛ wo nnompe mu ntini mu (mpɛn pii no wɔ w’asen dompe mu) de yi nsu bi. Afei wɔsɔ nhwɛsode no hwɛ wɔ afiri a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu mu hwɛ sɛ mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ hɔ anaa. Nnompe mu ntini mu nhwehwɛmu betumi ahu nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so ɔha biara mu nkyem pɔtee a ɛwɔ wo nnompe mu ntini mu, na ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛ wowɔ mogya mu kokoram.
• Mfoninitwa ne nhwehwɛmu afoforo : Sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne kyerɛ sɛ mogya mu kokoram aka wo nnompe, wo akwaa, anaa wo ntini ahorow a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo koko X-ray, CT scan, anaa MRI scan. Nanso, saa mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ntumi nhu mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa.
• Lumbar puncture (anaasɛ spinal tap) : Oduruyɛfo no betumi asɔ akyi berɛmo mu nsu bi ahwɛ sɛ ebia mogya mu kokoram atrɛw akɔ nsu a atwa amemene ne akyi berɛmo mu ntini (akyi berɛmo mu nsu) ho ahyia no mu anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa mogya mu kokoram?

Leukemia ayaresa gyina mogya mu kokoram ko a wowɔ, mfe a woadi ne w’akwahosan nyinaa, ne sɛ ebia mogya mu kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa anaa ntini afoforo mu so.

Ebia ayaresa a wɔtaa yɛ no bi ne nea edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa:

• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare (`(Nnuru a wɔde sa yare)`) .: Eyi ne aduru a wɔtaa de sa mogya mu kokoram. Ɛde nnuru (nnuru) di dwuma de kum mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu anaasɛ ɛmma ɛnkyɛ. Bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no, wubetumi anya saa nnuru (nnuru) yi sɛ aduru, sɛ wɔde twitwiw ntini bi mu, anaasɛ wɔde bɛhyɛ wo honam ani. Wɔtaa de nnuru a wɔde sa yare ka nnuru pii ho ma.
• Immunotherapy (anaa biologic therapy) : Saa ayaresa yi de nnuru titiriw di dwuma de ma wo nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe—nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa—no yɛ kɛse na ama wɔako atia mogya mu kokoram. Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no boa wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ma wohu kokoram nkwammoaa na ɛyɛ nkwammoaa pii a ɛko tia nyarewa de ko tia wɔn.
• Ayaresa a wɔde asi wɔn ani so : Saa ayaresa yi de nnuru a wɔayɛ sɛ ɛbɛtow ahyɛ mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa bi afã pɔtee bi so (te sɛ protein anaa awosu mu abɔde) na edi dwuma. Saa afã horow yi na ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mogya mu no dɔɔso sen mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ no. Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so no betumi asiw mogya mu nkwammoaa a wɔpaapae mu no ano, atwa nkwammoaa no mogya mu, anaasɛ ekum wɔn koraa. Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so no nsɛe nkwammoaa a ɛteɛ no kɛse. Nnuru yi ho nhwɛso bi ne monoclonal antibodies ne tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare : Saa ayaresa yi de hann anaa X-ray a ahoɔden kɛse wom di dwuma de kum mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu anaasɛ ɛmma ɛnnyin. Bere a afiri bi resa yare no, ebetumi de mframa no akɔ baabi pɔtee a kokoram nkwammoaa no wɔ anaasɛ akyekyɛ wɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Wobetumi de nipadua mũ no nyinaa mframa ama ansa na wɔde mogya a ɛma mogya no ahyɛ nipadua foforo mu.
• Hematopoietic cell transplant (anaasɛ `stem cell` anaa `bone marrow transplant`) : Wɔ saa ayaresa yi mu no, wɔde mogya ntini mu nkwammoaa foforo a ɛte apɔw si nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya yɛ kokoram a wɔde nnuru a wɔde sa yare ne/anaasɛ mframa a wɔde sa yare asɛe no ananmu. Ebia wo duruyɛfo begye nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw yi afi wo nsam ansa na wɔde nnuru a wɔde sa yare ne mframa a wɔde sa yare ama wo, anaasɛ ebia efi obi a ɔde mae hɔ. Nkwammoaa foforo a ɛte apɔw yi mu paapae na ɛyɛ nnompe mu ntini ne mogya mu nkwammoaa foforo (mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa a wo nipadua hia).
• Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell ayaresa : Eyi yɛ ayaresa foforo. Nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wobɛfa wo nipadua no ankasa T-nkwaboaa a ɛko tia ɔyare mmoawa (nkwaboaa bi a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no T-cell anaa T-lymphocyte), asan ayɛ no foforo de ako atia mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa, na afei woasan de ahyɛ wo nipadua mu.

Ebia wubenya hokwan nso de wo ho ahyɛ ayaresabea sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛsɔ kokoram ayaresa foforo hwɛ mu. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ sɔhwɛ a ɛte saa mu a wode wo ho bɛhyɛ mu no ho asɛm.

Nneɛma bɛn na ɛwɔ mogya mu kokoram ayaresa mu?

Ɛdenam wo ayaresa nhyehyɛe so no, ebia wobɛkɔ so anya mogya mu kokoram ayaresa bere tenten, anaasɛ wobetumi anya ayaresa wɔ akwan horow pii so. Mpɛn pii no, ayaresa a wɔde di dwuma wɔ akwan horow so no wɔ afã abiɛsa. Ɔfã biara wɔ botae pɔtee bi.

1. Induction therapy : Eyi botae ne sɛ ebekum mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa pii sɛnea wubetumi wɔ wo mogya ne wo nnompe mu na ɛde wo akɔ ahotɔ mu. Sɛ wogyae a, wo mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow san kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no, wo mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mogya mu no ntumi nhu bio, na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛnkyerɛnne nyinaa yera. Mpɛn pii no, induction therapy di bɛyɛ adapɛn anan kosi asia.

2. Consolidation therapy (a wɔsan frɛ no ``(Intensification)``) : Eyi botae ne sɛ ɛbɛsɛe mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa biara a aka, a wontumi nhu. Eyi betumi aboa ma kokoram no ansan amma bio. Wɔtaa de saa ayaresa yi ma wɔ akwan horow pii so, wɔ asram anan kosi asia mu.

3. Ayaresa a wɔde siesie : Eyi botae ne sɛ ɛbɛsɛe mogya mu kokoram nkwammoaa biara a ebetumi aka wɔ ayaresa kyinhyia abien a edi kan no akyi na wɔasiw kokoram no kwan sɛ ɛbɛsan aba (san aba bio). Wɔtoa saa ayaresa yi so bɛyɛ mfe abien.

Sɛ mogya mu kokoram no san ba a, ebia wo duruyɛfo no bɛsan afi ase anaasɛ ɔbɛsesa w’ayaresa no.

Dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ ebefi mu aba bere a wɔahu sɛ mewɔ mogya mu kokoram awie no?

Ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛka nkɔmhyɛ pɔtee a ɛfa mogya mu kokoram ho, efisɛ ɛsono obiara suahu. Nea ebefi mu aba no gyina nneɛma pii so:

• Awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae anaa nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae (`(Mutations)`) : Nsakrae a ɛwɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa mu no ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛkyerɛ nea ebefi mu aba.
• Leukemia ahorow : Leukemia ahorow bi mu ba no ye sen afoforo.
• Mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow bere a wɔahu yare no : Leukemia nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ hɔ bere a wɔahu yare no nso betumi aka nea efi mu ba no.
• Mfe : Mpɛn pii no, dodow a woyɛ abofra bere a wohu sɛ wowɔ yare no, dodow no ara na nea ebefi mu aba no bɛyɛ papa.
• Akwahosan tebea : Mpɛn pii no, dodow a wowɔ apɔwmuden bere a wohu sɛ wowɔ yare no, dodow no ara na nea ebefi mu aba no bɛyɛ papa.
• Mmuae a wɔde ma wɔ ayaresa ho : Bere a egye ansa na kokoram no akɔ remission (`(Remission)`) no betumi ama wɔanya adwene wɔ sɛnea ayaresa no di yiye ho.
• Leukemia nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ ntini a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no mu : Sɛ nkwammoaa bi wɔ w’akyi berɛmo mu nsu mu a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛsa.

Awiei koraa no, wo duruyɛfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a ɔbɛte sɛnea wo kokoram no ka wo soronko no ase. Bisa wɔn nea ebefi ayaresa mu aba ho asɛm.

So wobetumi asa mogya mu kokoram koraa?

Biribiara nni hɔ a wɔfrɛ no "aduru a edi mũ" a wɔde sa mogya mu kokoram. Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ nnipa binom nkɔfa bere tenten mu. Sɛ wɔsa mogya mu kokoram a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ kokoram no afi hɔ, ɛrensan mma bio, na ɛho nhia sɛ wɔsa no bio. Nanso esiane mogya mu kokoram nti, ɛyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛka eyi yiye.

Ɔkwan foforo so no, bere tenten a wɔde gyae kokoram no kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ, sɛ wɔsa yare anaasɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma. Saa yareɛ yi tumi di adapɛn kakraa bi kɔsi mfeɛ pii. Ebia mogya mu kokoram no nsan mma bio. Sɛ ɛsan ba a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ayaresa foforo akyerɛ wo na ama wo ho atɔ wo.

Wo nnuruyɛfo kuw no betumi abua asɛmmisa a ɛne sɛ, "So wɔasa me mogya mu kokoram no yiye?" Wɔbɛhwɛ w’akwahosan so yiye na wɔayɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata wo.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo?

Ma wo ho tumi denam sɛnea wubesua sɛnea kokoram a wohu no ka wo pɔtee no so. Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛkyerɛw nneɛma na wode w’adamfo bi ka wo ho bere a worekɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn no. Nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm.

Nsɛmmisa bi a wubetumi abisa:

• Leukemia bɛn na mewɔ? Nkwammoaa bɛn na ɛwom? So ɛyɛ kokoram a enyin ntɛmntɛm anaa nea enyin nkakrankakra?
• Wohuu mogya mu kokoram ntɛm ahe?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Mfaso ne asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ ayaresa kwan biara so?
• Ayaresa nhyehyɛe bɛn na eye ma me? Adɛn?
• Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wofi ase sa yare?
• Bere tenten ahe na ayaresa (ne ayaresa no fã biara) gye?
• Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ metra ayaresabea?
• Nsunsuanso bɔne bɛn na efi ayaresa mu ba? Dɛn na wobetumi ayɛ de asiw ano anaasɛ wɔbɛtew so?
• Na sɛ mepɛ sɛ mewo mma nso ɛ? Dɛn ne akwan horow a mɛfa so akora m’awo so?
• Dɛn ne nkwagye dodow a ɛwɔ me mogya mu kokoram no mu?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mede me ho hyɛ ayaresabea sɔhwɛ bi mu?

Ɛhe na metumi anya nsɛm pii ne mmoa a ɛfa mogya mu kokoram ho?

Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wosua pii fa nnuruyɛ mu sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔyɛ wɔ mogya mu kokoram ho a, wubetumi akɔ amanaman ntam wɛbsaet ahorow so (e.g., Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, National Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society). Afei nso, bisa wo duruyɛfo no nneɛma a ɛwɔ mpɔtam hɔ ne akuw a wɔboa no ho asɛm.

Kokoram biara a wobehu no yɛ hu. Nanso mogya mu kokoram a wobehu no betumi ayɛ hu kɛse mpo. Sɛ wonni akisikuru a wobeyi afi hɔ a, ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wubehu sɛnea ayaresa ho osuahu no bɛyɛ ne nea ɛbɛba daakye. Kae sɛ mogya mu kokoram nyɛ ade biako pɛ. W’ayaresa ne hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛkyɛ wo bere tenten no gyina nneɛma pii so. Obiara ntumi nkyerɛ nea ebefi mu aba a ɔnte w’akwahosan ne mogya mu kokoram, a mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mogya mu no su ka ho ase. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea mogya mu kokoram a wohu kyerɛ ma wo no ho.

Nsɛm ntiantiaa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Okay, enti mewɔ anidaso sɛ wowɔ adwene pa wɔ leukemia ho fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu. Nneɛma a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ni:

• Leukemia yɛ mogya mu kokoram , a efi nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ a ɛwɔ nnompe mu ntini mu nyin a wontumi nhyɛ so na ɛde ba.
• Eyi ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: nea ɛyɛ hu ne nea enni sabea, ne myeloid ne lymphoid .
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne no gu ahorow, na ebia nea ɛka ho ne ɔbrɛ mpofirim, ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtaa nya, ne akuru a ɛnyɛ den .
• Ɛwom sɛ wonnim nea ɛde ba ankasa de, nanso awosu mu nsakrae, nnuru bi, ne kokoram ayaresa a wɔadi kan ayɛ no betumi ayɛ nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba.
• Wɔnam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ne nnompe mu ntini mu nhwehwɛmu so titiriw na ɛkyerɛ yare no .
• Ayaresa ahodoɔ pii wɔ hɔ (te sɛ ``Chemotherapy'', ``Immunotherapy'', ``Targeted therapy''), a egyina ɔyarefoɔ no ne yareɛ no su so.
• Sɛ́ anka yɛbɛka ayaresa a edi mũ ho asɛm no, yebetumi anya anidaso sɛ ɛbɛkyɛ yɛn bere tenten .
• Nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm na woanya nsɛm afi wo duruyɛfo hɔ . Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara.

Yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi so bɛba wo mfaso. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` mogya mu kokoram, mogya mu kokoram, mogya mu kokoram, nnompe mu ntini, mogya mu nkwammoaa, mogya mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne, mogya mu kokoram ayaresa