Momma yensua pii fa lipoproteins a srade ne protein na ɛyɛ no ho.

So woasusuw sɛnea srade a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu (a wɔsan frɛ no srade bere a yɛrekasa) no fi baabi kɔ baabi foforo no ho pɛn? Lipoproteins yɛ nneɛma nketenkete a ɛboa wɔ eyi mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔte sɛ kar nketewa a ɛde nneɛma te sɛ srade ne srade a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu kɔ baabi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛkɔ no fa mogya no mu. Wɔnam yɛn mogya ntini mu. Lipoproteins bi ye ma yɛn koma paa, nanso ebi betumi de ɔhaw kakra aba. Enti, momma yɛnka saa lipoproteins yi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ tẽẽ so, te sɛ biribiara.

Dɛn ankasa ne srade ne triglycerides?

Ansa na yɛbɛka lipoproteins ho asɛm no, momma yɛnte nsɛmfua abien yi ase kakra: cholesterol ne triglycerides. N’abien nyinaa yɛ srade a ɛte sɛ waxy a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu. Nanso ɔkwan a yɛn nipadua fa so yɛ na ɛde di dwuma no yɛ soronko kakra.

• Cholesterol: Mpɛn pii no, wɔyɛ srade wɔ yɛn mmerɛbo mu. Yenya srade nso fi nnuan a yedi no bi mu, titiriw mmoa srade, nam, mpataa, ne nufusu mu nneɛma. Saa srade yi nyɛ bɔne mma yɛn nipadua kɛkɛ. Saa srade yi boa ma wɔyɛ vitamin D, ne hormone ahorow a ɛho hia te sɛ estrogen, testosterone, ne cortisol . Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom ɛho hia nso na ama yɛatumi ayɛ nkwammoaa wɔ yɛn ntini mu.

• Triglycerides: Yɛn mmerɛbo ne yɛn dwensɔtwaa a ɛwɔ yɛn aduan mu no na ɛyɛ eyinom. Sɛ yedi nnuan a srade wom a ahoɔdennuru pii wom pii a, yɛn nipadua no yɛ triglycerides pii. Triglycerides a ɛboro so a yɛyɛ no, wɔkora so wɔ yɛn srade nkwammoaa mu. Akyiri yi, sɛ nipadua no hia ahoɔden a, saa triglycerides a wɔakora so yi fi mogya no mu.

Seesei ebia woate nea srade ne triglycerides yɛ ne sɛnea ɛho hia ma yɛn nipadua no ase. Nanso, ɔhaw no ne bere a wɔkɔ soro dodo.

Lipoprotein ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Lipoproteins ahorow atitiriw anum na ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

• High-density lipoprotein (HDL): Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no “srade pa.” HDL boa ma wɔde srade a ɛboro so fi nipadua no mu san kɔ mmerɛbo no mu, na ɛhɔ na ɛkɔ. HDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro no brɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ yebenya koma ne ntini mu yare no ase. Ɛte sɛ adamfo ma yɛn.

• Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no "srade bɔne".Wɔfrɛ no. LDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nyarewa te sɛ ahrawa mu ntini mu yare, komayare, ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no yɛ kɛse. LDL de srade srade kɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu. Sɛ wɔde sie saa kwan yi so a, ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ efĩ a ɛwɔ paipu mu, na ɛma baabi a ɛwɔ mogya ntini no mu no so tew na esiw mogya no kwan. Yɛfrɛ tebea yi atherosclerosis .

• Lipoproteins a ɛba fam koraa (VLDL): Eyi yɛ "srade bɔne" foforo. VLDL de triglycerides titiriw kɔ yɛn ntini ahorow mu. Ɛboa nso ma srade a ɛwɔ nipadua mu no kɔ baabiara.

• Intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL): Eyinom na ɛba bere a wɔayi VLDL afi ne srade a ɛwɔ mu no bi akyi. Afei mmerɛbo no yi saa IDL ahorow yi fi hɔ anaasɛ ɛdan no LDL.

• Chylomicrons: Eyinom ne lipoprotein mu nneɛma nketenkete a ɛsõ sen biara. Wɔde triglycerides nso kɔ baabiara.

Woahu, lipoprotein ahorow ahorow wɔ hɔ, na ɛsono nneɛma a ɛyɛ.

Dɛn ne lipoprotein (a) anaa LP(a)?

Oyi yɛ soronko kakra. Lipoprotein (a) anaa LP(a) nso yɛ LDL koro no ara, "srade bɔne" a yɛkaa ho asɛm no. Nanso eyi yɛ soronko. Wɔde protein foforo a wɔfrɛ no apolipoprotein (a) anaa apo(a) abɔ LDL ade ketewaa yi ho. Saa apo(a) yi ma LDL abɔdeɛ no "stickier" kakra. Enti, ɛnyɛ den sɛ saa LP(a) yi betumi akɔto mogya ntini no mu, na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya koma ne ntini mu haw no ayɛ kɛse. LP(a) dodow a ɛkɔ soro a obi wɔ no yɛ asiane titiriw a ɛma obi nya ntini mu yare.

Bere a yɛn aduan ne yɛn asetra kwan betumi aka HDL ne LDL dodow afoforo no, yɛn awosu mu nkwaadɔm na ɛkyerɛ yɛn LP(a) dodow kɛse. Nnipa binom wɔ LP(a) dodow a ɛkɔ soro esiane awosu mu nsakrae nti. Nnipa a wɔte saa no wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya komayare wɔ wɔn mmofraase.

Dɛn ne Lipid Panel mogya mu nhwehwɛmu?

Ebia wo duruyɛfo no aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ "lipid profile." Saa na wɔfrɛ saa lipid panel mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi. Ɛsusuw srade a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nyinaa. Ɛsan nso susuw HDL, LDL, ne triglycerides dodow, ne wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu nyinaa.

Eyi yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa. Egye nea ennu simma anum. Wubetumi ama wɔayɛ no wɔ wo duruyɛfo adwumayɛbea, wɔ lab, anaa ayaresabea. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wunya nea eye sen biara a, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi mmuada nnɔnhwerew 8 kosi 12 ansa na woayɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi.Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ worendidi anaa worennom biribiara. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo nso sɛ gyae nnuru biara a wonom no kakra. Enti, ɛsɛ sɛ wudi oduruyɛfo no akwankyerɛ akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsɔ lipoprotein (a) [LP(a)] hwɛ ne bere bɛn?

Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ obiara na wɔahwɛ ne LP(a) level. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo bisa no pɔtee nkutoo a, wɔbɛhwɛ LP(a) dodow a ɛka lipid panel no ho.

Wɔtaa kamfo nhwehwɛmu yi kyerɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ nneɛma bi a ɛde komayare ba nkutoo. Eyinom bi ne:

• Sɛ woanya komayare pɛn a.
• Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu, titiriw abusuafo a wodi kan (awofo, anuanom) anya komayare wɔ ne mmofraase a.
• Sɛ wo LDL dodow kɔ soro wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so a.
• Sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow a ɛbɛma woanya abusua mu srade a ɛboro so , awosu mu tebea a ɛma LDL dodow kɔ soro a.

Dɛn ne hia a ɛho hia wɔ mogya mu srade mu nhwehwɛmu yi ho?

Mpɛn pii no, srade a ɛkɔ soro no mfa sɛnkyerɛnne biara mma, enti mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi a wobɛyɛ no ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ahu srade ho haw ahorow a ebetumi aka wo koma ne wo mogya ntini.

Nnuruyɛfo de saa mogya mu srade mu nhwehwɛmu yi di dwuma ma nneɛma te sɛ:

• Nhwehwɛmu: Wobetumi ayɛ eyi sɛ wo afe afe aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu no fã. Eyi betumi aboa wo ma woahu sɛ ebia asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya koma ne ntini mu yare anaa. Sɛ wuhu sɛ asiane kɛse wɔ wo mu a, wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma bi de asiw tebea horow a emu yɛ den te sɛ komayare ne akisikuru ano.
• Sɛnea Wohu: Saa mogya mu srade mu nhwehwɛmu yi nso boa ma wohu tebea horow te sɛ atherosclerosis .
• Hwɛ a Wobɛhwɛ: Nhwehwɛmu a efi mu ba yi betumi aboa wo ma woahu sɛ ebia wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu no reyɛ kɛse, wuhia ayaresa, anaasɛ woreyɛ n’ade yiye wɔ ayaresa ho anaa.

Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ saa lipoprotein nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi?

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ lipoprotein ne srade nyinaa dodow kɔ soro bere a obi nyin no. Bere a asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no kɔ soro no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii.

Wɔtaa kamfo nea edidi so yi kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nyɛ mogya mu srade mu nhwehwɛmu:

• Wɔ mmarima a wɔadi boro mfe 35 ne mmea a wɔadi boro mfe 45 fam.
• Atherosclerosis taa ba mmarima a wɔadi fi mfe 20 kosi 35 ne mmea a wɔadi fi mfe 20 kosi 45 mu.
• Wɔ mmofra fam no, eye sɛ wɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi pɛnkoro wɔ mfe 9 kosi 11 ntam, na afei wɔsan yɛ bio wɔ mfe 17 kosi 21 ntam.

Dɛn ne lipoproteins dodow a ɛfata?

Labs susuw srade ne lipoproteins wɔ miligram mu wɔ deciliter biara mu (mg/dL). Akwan a lab biara fa so no betumi ayɛ soronko. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nea efi mogya koro mu ba no betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ lab biara mu. Bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛpɛ sɛ ɔde lab koro no ara di dwuma de hwɛ wo dodow.

HDL, LDL, triglycerides, ne srade a ɛwɔ nipadua mu nyinaa dodow a ɛfata no gu ahorow wɔ mfe a obi adi ne ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea apɔwmuden dodow yɛ ma wo ho. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wunni asiane afoforo a, wobu saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛfata:

• Srade a ɛwɔ mogya mu nyinaa: 100-199 mg/dL ma wɔn a wɔadi boro mfe 21; 75-169 mg/dL ma wɔn a wɔadi mfe 20 ne nea ennu saa no.
• HDL (srade pa): 45 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa. (55 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa ye ma mmea, 45 mg/dL anaa nea ɛboro saa ye ma mmarima)
• LDL (srade bɔne): ennu 100 mg/dL.
• Triglycerides: Ennu 150 mg/dL.

Lipid panel ntumi nsusuw VLDL dodow tẽẽ, na sɔhwɛ pɔtee biara nni hɔ a ɛkyerɛ. Mmom no, labs bu wo VLDL dodow ho akontaa denam wo triglycerides a wɔkyekyɛ mu anum so. Ɛsɛ sɛ VLDL dodow a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden no nnu 30 mg/dL. Nanso, sɛ wo triglycerides no dɔɔso yiye a, ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na saa kwan yi yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn ne lipoprotein (a) [LP(a)] bo a ɛfata?

Wɔbɔ LP(a) dodow ho amanneɛ wɔ mg/dL anaa nanomoles mu wɔ lita biara mu (nmol/L). Wobu dodow a ɛboro 50 mg/dL anaa 75 nmol/L sɛ ɛkorɔn, na ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya tebea horow te sɛ ntini mu yare, komayare, ne ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase no yɛ kɛse .

Dɛn ne asiane ahorow a ɛma mogya mu srade bɔne (LDL) kɔ soro?

Mmea a wɔagyae brayɛ ne mpanyimfo a wɔadi boro mfe 40 na wɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya LDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro. Nanso, mmofra nkumaa mpo betumi anya srade ho haw. Bere a worenyin no, wo nipadua mu nneɛma a ɛsakra no brɛ ase, na wo mmerɛbo no ntumi nyi srade bɔne mfi wo nipadua mu.

Abusuakuw ne abusuakuw a wofi mu nso di dwuma. Asiafo Amerikafo taa nya LDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro, bere a aborɔfo taa nya srade dodow a ɛkɔ soro nyinaa.

Asiane afoforo a ebetumi ama LDL dodow akɔ soro ne:

• Aduan a ahoɔdennuru, srade a ɛdɔɔso, ne srade pii wom. (Ɛsɛ sɛ yesusuw nnuan a srade wom na wɔayam a yedi no nso ho kakra.)
• Tebea horow te sɛ asikreyare ne asaabo mu yare.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya mu srade dɔɔso.
• Asanom ne sigaretnom boro so.
• Nnuru te sɛ corticosteroids ne nnuru bi a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso ne HIV/AIDS.
• Mu duru a ɛboro so (Obesity).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛsa LDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro?

Nnipa a wɔwɔ LDL dodow a ɛkɔ soro, a ɛma asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya komayare ne akisikuru no taa hia nnuru a ɛtew srade so te sɛ statin, ezetimibe, ne PCSK9 inhibitors . Wubetumi nso ama saa dodow yi atu mpɔn denam nsakrae a wobɛyɛ wɔ w’aduan ne w’asetra kwan mu no so.

Dɛn na wubetumi ayɛ na ama lipoprotein dodow atu mpɔn?

Nsakrae bi a wobɛyɛ wɔ w’aduan ne w’asetra kwan mu no betumi aboa ma wo srade bɔne (LDL) so atew na ama wo srade pa (HDL) akɔ soro. Saa anammɔn yi betumi aboa:

• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ simma 150 dapɛn biara (ɛno yɛ bɛyɛ simma 30 da biara). Nantew tiawa anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ mpo ye.
• Di aduan a ɛma koma nya ahoɔden. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wubedi nnuan a srade a ɛnyɛ papa nnim, asikre a ɛnyɛ den (carbohydrates), ne fiber pii wom.
• Di mogya mmoroso ne asikreyare so.
• Da yiye.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu. Sɛ wo mu duru boro so a, sɛ wo so tew wo nipadua mu duru 5% kosi 10% a, ebetumi ama wo srade a ɛwɔ wo mu no atu mpɔn.
• Hwehwɛ akwan pa a wobɛfa so adi adwennwen ho dwuma.
• Tew nsa a wɔnom so.
• Bisa mmoa na ama woagyae sigaretnom (nicotine ma LDL dodow kɔ soro na ɛma HDL dodow so tew).

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie:

Okay, enti yɛaka lipoproteins ho asɛm pii nnɛ, ɛnte saa? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nneɛma atitiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ni:

• Lipoproteins te sɛ kar a ɛde srade ne srade kɔ yɛn nipadua mu.
• HDL yɛ "srade pa," a ɛboa ma woyi srade a ɛboro so fi nipadua no mu.
• LDL yɛ "srade bɔne." Sɛ ɛkɔ soro a, ebetumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ mogya ntini mu na ɛde komayare aba.
• LP(a) yɛ srade bɔne a "ɛyɛ nnam" foforo, a ɛno nso ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare no yɛ kɛse.
• Nneɛma te sɛ w’asetra kwan, w’aduan, ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ betumi anya wo lipoprotein dodow so nkɛntɛnso kɛse.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia nnuru (te sɛ ``Statins'') ho behia na ama LDL ne LP(a) dodow akɔ fam na ama HDL dodow akɔ soro.
• Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu daa na ama woahu sɛnea wo dodow te na woadi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi.

Mewɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi boa wo ma wo koma nya apɔwmuden!

` lipoproteins, srade, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, komayare, srade panel, ntini mu yare, LP(a), srade