Ma yɛnhwehwɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa wo scapula ho ankasa.

So woasɔre anɔpa, ahome denneennen, na woateɛ wo nsa pɛn? Saa bere no, ebia wotee nka sɛ nnompe abien a ɛyɛ tratraa wɔ wo mmati akyi. Nnipa pii frɛ eyinom "mmati so nhama" anaa "scapulas." Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ wɔn scapula . Eyi nyɛ dompe bi kɛkɛ, na mmom ɛyɛ yɛn mmati fã a ɛho hia yiye. Ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa saa mmati yi ho asɛm.

Enti dɛn ne saa scapula yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, scapula yɛ dompe bi a ɛwɔ wo mmati mu. Yɛsan nso frɛ no "shoulder blade" bere a yɛrekasa no. Ɛyɛ nnompe atitiriw abiɛsa a ɛka bom yɛ wo mmati nkwaa no mu biako. Scapula ne nea ɛka wo kɔn mu dompe (clavicle) ne wo nsa atifi dompe (humerus) bom.

Susuw ho hwɛ, sɛ wo mmati mu yɛ wo yaw, titiriw sɛ ɛba bere a woapira akyi, sɛ́ efi asehwe anaa agodie mu a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Mpɛn pii no, mmati a opira no ntaa mma kakra, nanso opira biara a ɛba mmati so no betumi aka eyi nso.

Dɛn na wɔde mmati abɔso no yɛ? Dɛn nti na ɛho hia saa?

Mmati no yɛ nnwuma pii a ɛho hia yiye. Susuw sɛnea dompe ketewaa yi betumi ayɛ ho hwɛ:

• Wo nsa a ɛwɔ soro dompe (humerus) a wode bɛka wo kɔn mu dompe (clavicle) ho: Eyi ne baabi a wo nsa no ne wo honam ani (i.e., wo nipadua no mfinimfini fã) bata ho. Ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ abɔntenban.
• Wo mmati nkwaa no fã a ɛyɛ: Nkwaa no fã bi wɔ hɔ a ɛte sɛ akuru a wo nsa atifi dompe (humerus) no hyɛn mu ma ɛyɛ mmati no. N’akyi fã, akyi mmati abɔso , no, saa mmati so abɔso yi na ɛyɛ.
• Mmati a Wotu: Eyi yɛ nwonwa! So wunim sɛ mmati no ne ntini 17, ntini 12, ntini 6, ne ntini 2 wɔ abusuabɔ ? Saa nkitahodi ahorow yi ma wo mmati tumi kɔ akwan asia so. Nokwarem no, etumi tu kɔ mmeae pii sen yɛn nipadua no nkwaa foforo biara!
• Wo koko a wobɛbɔ ho ban: Wo mmati so te sɛ kyɛm a wɔde abata wo koko ho. Bere a ɛmmɔ akwaa biara ho ban tẽẽ no, ɛyɛ dompe a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ den a ɛboa ma ɛtwetwe nkɛntɛnso a ɛwɔ akwaa a ɛbɔ mu no.

Susuw sɛnea mmati no boa yɛn kɛse bere a yɛma yɛn nsa so, de si yɛn akyi, na yɛkyinkyin no ho hwɛ!

Ɛhe na mmati no wɔ?

Wo mmati so ntini yɛ wo axial skeleton no fã . Ɛne sɛ, nnompe nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mfinimfini no. Wowɔ mmati abien, biako wɔ wo moma so afã biara. Eyinom wɔ wo kɔn mu nnompe akyi, wɔ akyi.

Dɛn ne nufu no nhyehyɛe? Ɛne sɛ, ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔhyehyɛ?

Wɔfrɛ mmati no "scapula" esiane sɛ ɛyɛ tratraa na ɛyɛ ahinanan nti. Ɛte sɛ sekan agyan. Ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ dompe biako de, nanso mmati no wɔ afã abiɛsa:

1. Costal anaa anim fã

2. Akyi a ɛwɔ soro

3. Akyi anaa ase soro

Afei momma yɛnhwɛ saa nneɛma a ɛwɔ soro yi mu biara nkɔ akyiri kakra.

Costal anaa anim fã

Mmati no mpoano no yɛ anim fã, ɔfã no hwɛ wo mpampam. Saa soro yi fã titiriw no yɛ beae ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ kuruwa (`subscapular fossa`). Eyi ma mmoa ma ntini a ɛwɔ wo mmati mu no biako a wɔfrɛ no `rotator cuff`. Ade ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ hama a ɛpuepue (`coracoid process`) a ɛwɔ wo kɔn mu dompe no ase no ka ntini abiɛsa bom.

Lateral surface

Mmati no akyi fã yɛ n’akyi ano, ɔfã a ɛhwɛ wo nsa atifi dompe (`humerus`). Ɛha na wohu nneɛma a edidi so yi:

• Glenoid fossa: Eyi ne baabi a tokuru a ɛyɛ wo mmati nkwaa no bɔɔl no akyi.
• Superglenoid tubercle: Eyi ne baabi a wo biceps ntini no bata ho.
• Infraglenoid tubercle: Eyi ne baabi a wo triceps ntini no bata ho.

Eyi yɛ aduruyɛ kakra, nanso sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nea saa afã horow yi yɛ ara ne sɛ ɛma ntini ne afã afoforo no nya mmeae a ɛbɛka ho na ama mmati no ayɛ adwuma yiye.

Akyi (a ɛwɔ fam) .

Mmati no akyi fã yɛ akyi fã a ɛhwɛ w’akyi. Nea ɛwom ne:

• Akyi berɛmo (atifi): N’ano a ɛyɛ nsensanee kakra a ɛwɔ wo mmati atifi.
• Acromion: Eyi yɛ dompe koro no ara fã. Ɛne wo clavicle no tu bere a woretu wo mmati no.
• Supraspinous fossa: Beae a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no atifi a ntini no bata ho. Eyi yɛ beae a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa kakra.
• Infraspinous fossa: Beae a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no ase tẽẽ a ntini ahorow no bata ho. Ɛsõ sen supraspinous fossa a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no na ɛwɔ nsusuwii a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa kakra.

Dɛn ne opira anaa tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aba mmati no so?

Mmati mu apirakuru abu so kɛse. Eyi te saa efisɛ mmati no yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den na yɛde yɛ nnwuma ne dwumadi ahorow pii da mũ no nyinaa. Mpira a ɛba mmati nkutoo so no ntaa mma. Nanso, apirakuru a ɛba mmati so nso betumi asɛe mmati no. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Mmati a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Mmati a abubu.
• Mmati a wɔatew mu.

Mmati a ɛpaapae nso betumi aka mmati no ho, nanso eyi ntaa nsi koraa . Mpɛn pii no, bere a obi apirapira kɛse, te sɛ kar akwanhyia, anaa bere a obi fi antweri so hwe ase nkutoo na ɛbubu mmati so.

Akwahosan tebea horow bi a ebetumi aka wo mmati (a wo mmati so nhama ka ho) ne:

• Mmati mu akisikuru ho yare.
• Mmati mu ntini mu yare.
• Mmati mu bursitis.
• Scapular winging (mmati so ntini a ɛpuepue wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so).

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi apira ne mmati?

Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ mmati no nkutoo bepira a ennya mmati no afã afoforo no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi apira ne mmati ne:

• Mmati mu yaw: Eyi ne ade titiriw.
• Ahohoro: Beae a apira no betumi ahuru.
• Sɛnea wotumi keka wo ho no so tew: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wuntumi mfa wo mmati nkɔ baabiara anaa ɔkwan biara so.
• Stiffness/Stiffness: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkanyan mmati no, na ebetumi ayɛ te sɛ nea akɔhyɛ.
• Akuru anaa kɔla a ɛsakra: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebetumi ayɛ bruu anaa kɔkɔɔ.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa abien mpo a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu, titiriw sɛ ɛyaw no ano antew wɔ nna kakraa bi akyi a.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ de hu mmati mu haw ahorow?

Oduruyɛfo betumi de nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii a wɔde hu anaasɛ mfonini a wɔde yɛ mfonini bedi dwuma de ahwɛ wo mmati ne mmeae a atwa wo ho ahyia no. Eyinom bi ne:

• Mmati so X-ray a wɔde yɛ.
• CT scan (`Kɔmputa so mfoninitwa (CT) mfonini`).
• MRI mfonini (Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) a wɔde yɛ mfonini.
• EMG (electromyography) sɔhwɛ - Eyi sɔ ntini ne ntini ahorow dwumadi hwɛ.

Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi betumi ahu pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ ebia biribi asɛe, abubu, atetew, anaa ɔhaw foforo bi wɔ mmati nkwaa anaa ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu anaa.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔtaa de sa mmati ho haw ahorow?

Ayaresa ko a wuhia no begyina wo pira anaa w’akwahosan tebea so. Ayaresa biara nni hɔ a ɛyɛ nea ɛfata obiara.

Ebia wubehia ayaresa te sɛ eyi:

• Immobilization: Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wode biribi te sɛ plaster of Paris (cast), brace, anaa sling bɛto mmati so na amma anhinhim.
• Mmati a wobɛhome anaa dwumadi a ɛde opira no bae a wobɛkwati: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a aduru a eye sen biara ne ahomegye.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ:Eyi ho hia yiye na ama ntini ahorow no ayɛ den na ama wotumi akanyan wo ho yiye, titiriw bere a woapira ne mmati akyi.
• Mmati so oprehyɛn: Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn wɔ opira a emu yɛ den anaa tebea horow bi a ɛnyɛ ayaresa afoforo ho dwuma no ho.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi ama me mmati ayɛ yiye?

Nokwarem no, enhia sɛ woyɛ biribi titiriw biara na ama wo mmati ayɛ yiye. Ade titiriw ne sɛ wubedi aduan a ahoɔden wom na woateɛteɛ w'apɔw mu daa .

Nea ɛka ho no, di ahobammɔ ho afotu a ɛfa nneɛma nyinaa ho yi akyi na ama woabɔ wo ho ban afi opira ho:

• Bere nyinaa hyɛ wo ahobammɔ bɛlt bere a wote kar mu no.
• Hyɛ ahobammɔ nnwinnade a ɛfata bere a woreyɛ agumadi anaa dwumadi foforo biara.
• Ma wo fie ne w’adwumam nyɛ fɛ na nneɛma a ɛho nhia nni mu. Eyi bɛma hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi bɛhwe ase na wahwe ase no so atew.
• Sɛ worefa biribi afi soro a , fa adwinnade anaa nnwinnade a ɛfata di dwuma ma adwuma no bere nyinaa. Mforo nkongua, apon, anaa counter so da.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛnantew anaasɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobɛhwe ase a, fa poma anaa nea wɔde nantew di dwuma.

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Ɛwom sɛ ebia bere a woasɔre anɔpa nkutoo na wubedwen wo mmati ho de, nanso eyinom yɛ nnompe abien a ɛho hia paa a wode di dwuma bere nyinaa. Wɔboa wo mmati, ɛma wotumi keka wo ho, na ɛkura ntini ne ntini afoforo pii mu.

Mpɛn pii no, enhia sɛ wɔhwɛ wo mmati so titiriw anaasɛ wɔbɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wo daa. Nanso, sɛ wo mmati mu yɛ wo yaw, titiriw sɛ ɛkyɛ boro dapɛn biako a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Sɛ wote ɛyaw, wo ho yɛ wo den, anaa sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛyɛ wo dwumadi ahorow a wotaa yɛ a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Wɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu na wɔama wo afotu ne ayaresa a eye sen biara a wuhia. Wo mmati a wobɛma ayɛ yiye no wɔ wo nsam!

` Mmati, mmati mu yaw, mmati mu yare, nnompe, nkwaa, scapula, mmati mu yaw, mmati mu yaw