So aduru a worenom no yɛ tebea a asiane wom? Momma yensua Serotonin Syndrome ho ade?

Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea bi a ɛyɛ aniberesɛm kakra, nanso sɛ wunim a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobedi so ho asɛm. Ebia worenom nnuru a wɔde sa adwenemhaw anaa tebea foforo bi. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa nnuru yi tumi ma nsakrae ba yɛn nipadua mu na ɛde ɔhaw ahorow a yentumi nsusuw ho mpo ba. Tebea a ɛte saa no biako ne serotonin syndrome.

Dɛn ne Serotonin Syndrome?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Serotonin Syndrome yɛ nnuru a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi de wo nkwa ato asiane mu, na ɛba bere a nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no serotonin pii wɔ wo nipadua mu no.

Susuw ho hwɛ, serotonin yɛ nnuru somafo a ɛho hia yiye a ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene ne nipadua no afã afoforo mu na ɛyɛ. Sɛ yɛbɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛyɛ ɔbɔfo a ɔde nkrasɛm kɔ ntini mu nkwammoaa ntam. Yɛfrɛ eyi neurotransmitter . Saa serotonin yi ka nneɛma pii, te sɛ yɛn adwene, yɛn nna, ne yɛn akɔnnɔ.

Nnipa dodow no ara betumi anom nnuru a ɛka serotonin (serotonergic) dwoodwoo wɔ dodow a wɔkamfo kyerɛ no mu, sɛnea wɔn duruyɛfo kyerɛ no. Nanso, ɛda adi kɛse sɛ serotonin yare no bɛba bere a wufi ase renom aduru foforo anaasɛ woama aduru bi a worenom dedaw no dodow akɔ soro, titiriw sɛ aduru no ma wo serotonin dodow kɔ soro a. Sɛ wo nipadua sesa sɛnea ɛde serotonin di dwuma, anaasɛ wuntumi nni serotonin dodow a ɛkɔ soro no ho dwuma a, ebia wubenya serotonin syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Saa tebea yi betumi afi sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den te sɛ akisikuru ne akisikuru so akosi sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ atiridiinini kɛse ne akisikuru so. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, sɛ wɔanhu na wɔansa no ntɛm a, serotonin yare a emu yɛ den betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Nnuruyɛfo dii kan huu serotonin yare no wɔ 1960 mfe no mu, bere a wɔpenee nnuru a edi kan a wɔde ko tia adwenemhaw so akyi. Ɛnnɛ, bere a nnuru pii a ɛka serotonin renya no, wɔrebɔ serotonin yare ho amanneɛ mpɛn pii.

Hena na obetumi anya eyi?

Nokwarem no, obiara betumi anya eyi, ɛmfa ho mfe a wadi. Sɛ wode nnuru biara a wɔakyerɛw ama wo, nnuru a wɔtɔn, nnuru a wɔde nhabannuru anaa aduannuru ma, anaa nnuru a mmara mma ho kwan a ɛka wo serotonin dodow di dwuma a, wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya serotonin syndrome.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba?

Serotonin yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛnea emu yɛ den no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Ebetumi ayɛ nea emu nyɛ den, nea ɛkɔ fam, emu yɛ den, na ekunkum nnipa mpo.

Sɛ worenom aduru bi a ɛka serotonin na wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara anaa kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete

• Ehu kakra a wobɛte nka na ne ho nyɛ wo dɛ.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw na wofe.
• Yafunu mu a ɛyɛ hyew (atiridiinini).
• Aniwa tuntum a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no yɛ akɛse (aniwa a ɛtrɛw).
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo akwaa rewosow (Tremor).

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkɔ fam

• Mete nka sɛ me ho adwo me kɛse na me ho yeraw me.
• Ntini a ɛtwetwe, ntini a ɛtwetwe a ɛnyɛ nea ɔpɛ, ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ntini a ɛyɛ den.
• Fifiri a ɛrefifi kɛse, awɔw a ɛrepopo.
• Aniwa no tu fi ɔfã biako kɔ ɔfã foforo wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den

• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa kɛse, te sɛ nea wɔrehaw adwene no, obi werɛ fi baabi a ɔwɔ ne bere a ɛyɛ (Adwene mu naayɛ, adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, adwenem naayɛ).
• Koma no bɔ kɔ soro kɛse (koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm).
• Mogya mmoroso.
• Nipadua mu hyew a ɛkɔ soro boro Celsius digrii 38.5 (digrii Fahrenheit 101.3).
• Akisikuru reba.
• Koma no bɔ bɛyɛ nea ɛnkɔ so daa.
• Mehwere m’adwene na mehwe ase.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne no da adi ntɛmntɛm dɛn?

Mpɛn pii no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi fi ase da adi wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu , bere a woafi aduru foforo a ɛka serotonin dodow ase akyi anaasɛ bere a woama aduru bi a worenom mprempren no dodow akɔ soro akyi. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ obiara nya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 akyi bere a wanom aduru anaa aduru bi a ɛka serotonin no.

Dɛn nti na eyi ba? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Nea ɛde serotonin syndrome ba titiriw ne serotonin dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ wo nipadua mu. Eyi betumi asi wɔ tebea horow te sɛ eyinom mu:

• Bere a wode nnuru bɛboro biako a ɛka serotonin dodow redi dwuma no.
• Bere a worefi ase de aduru foforo a ɛma serotonin yɛ kɛse, anaasɛ bere a worema aduru bi a worenom mprempren no dodow akɔ soro no .
• Sɛ wonom aduru bi a ɛfa serotonin ho dodo a , ebia wɔ akwanhyia mu anaasɛ wohyɛ da.
• Sɛ wode nnuru bi a mmara mma ho kwan, nhabannuru , anaa nnuru a wɔtɔn a ɛka serotonin dodow redi dwuma a.

Nnuru ne nneɛma afoforo bɛn na ɛka serotonin dodow?

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ nnuru ahorow a ebetumi aka serotonin dodow na ɛde serotonin syndrome aba.

Nnuru a wɔde kum adwenemhaw

Eyinom mu no, nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw ne nea ɛho hia sen biara. Eyinom ne nnuru a ɛka serotonin dodow kɛse. Saa tebea yi taa ba bere a wɔde nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw yi ne nnuru afoforo a ɛka serotonin te sɛ triptans a wɔde sa atiridiinini anaa opioids a wɔde ma ɛyaw ano brɛ ase no di dwuma no.

Nnuru a wɔde kum adwenemhaw ne nhwɛso ahorow bi ni:

• `Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): Saa kuw yi bi ne nnuru te sɛ `fluoxetine (Prozac®), `citalopram (Celexa®), `sertraline (Zoloft®), `paroxetine (Paxil®)` ne `escitalopram (Lexapro®).` Eyinom ne nea wɔtaa de di dwuma kɛse ma enti ɛno ne nea ɛne serotonin syndrome wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse.
• Nnuru a esiw serotonin-norepinephrine a ɛsan fa nipadua no ano (SNRIs): Eyinom ho nhwɛso ne duloxetine (Cymbalta®), venlafaxine (Effexor®), desvenlafaxine (Pristiq), levomilnacipran (Fetzima) ne milnacipran (Savella).
• `Tricyclic antidepressants`: Saa kuw yi bi ne nnuru te sɛ `amitriptyline (Elavil®)`, `clomipramine (Anafranil®)`, ne `nortriptyline (Pamelor®)`.
• `Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Nnuru te sɛ `phenelzine (Nardil®)`, `selegiline (Emsam®)` ne `tranylcypromine (Parnate®)` wɔ saa ɔfa yi mu.
• Nnuru a ɛma serotonin sesa: te sɛ nefazodone ne trazodone (Desyrel®).
• Eyi ho nhwɛso ne `Norepinephrine a ɛsan fa nipadua no mu ano`: `bupropion (Wellbutrin®).`

Nnuru Afoforo

Wɔ nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw akyi no, nnuru afoforo wɔ hɔ a ɛka serotonin dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu. Asiane no yɛ kɛse titiriw bere a wɔde eyinom ka nnuru afoforo a ɛka serotonin nso ho no. Wɔde nnuru yi di dwuma de:

• Sɛ wopɛ ɛyaw a emu yɛ den a: Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a efi opioid kuw no mu, te sɛ tramadol (Ultram®), meperidine (Demerol®), tapentadol (Nucynta®), hydrocodone (Hysingla ER®), oxycodone (Oxycontin®), fentanyl (Actiq®), ne methadone.
• Ɔfe: Nnuru bi a wɔtɔn wɔ aduruyɛdan mu (OTC) a wɔde kɔfe ne atiridiinini te sɛ dextromethorphan betumi aka serotonin dodow.
• Wɔ atiridiinini tiyɛ ho: Triptan ahorow bi ne almotriptan (Axert®), eletriptan (Relpax®), ne sumatriptan (Imitrex®).
• Wɔ HIV/AIDS ho no: `ritonavir (Norvir®)`.
• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: linezolid (Zyvox®).
• Nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru ne ɔfe: te sɛ `metoclopramide (Reglan®)`, `granisetron (Sustol®)`, `ondansetron (Zofran®)`.
• Nea ɛma adwene mu yɛ den: lithium (Lithobid®).

Nneɛma Afoforo a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Nnuru akyi no, nhabannuru bi a wɔde di dwuma wɔ amanne kwan so, nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho, ne nnuru a mmara mma ho kwan nso betumi aka serotonin dodow na ɛde tebea yi aba.

• Nnuru a wɔde ma: Eyinom betumi ayɛ nneɛma te sɛ ginseng, St. John’s wort, Syria rue, ne nutmeg.
• Nnubɔne a mmara mma ho kwan: Nneɛma te sɛ ecstasy, LSD, cocaine, amphetamines, ne methamphetamines.
• Nnuan a wɔde ka aduan ho:Tryptophan a ɛyɛ aduru a wɔfrɛ no Tryptophan.

Aduruyɛ ho abenfo da so ara resua pii afa serotonin yare no ho. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa nnuru a wonom ne sɛ ebia ɛka serotonin ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo anaa onipa a ɔwɔ nnurutɔnbea a wunya w’aduru no nkasa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu eyi?

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea nnuruyɛfo hu eyi. Nokwarem no, nhwehwɛmu pɔtee biara nni hɔ a wɔde besi serotonin yare no so dua. Mpɛn pii no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛhwehwɛ mu denam wo nhwehwɛmu a obebisa, wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a obebisa, na wasua nnuru a worenom a ɛka wo serotonin dodow no ho ade.

Wubetumi aboa wo duruyɛfo denam biribiara a worenom a wobɛma emu ada hɔ no so (nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma wo, nnuru a wɔtɔn, nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho, nhabannuru, nnuru a mmara mma ho kwan mpo). (Ka nokware, nsuro. Oduruyɛfo no wɔ hɔ sɛ ɔbɛboa wo, na ɛnyɛ sɛ obebu wo atɛn.)

Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom:

• Mogya ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu de hwɛ sɛnea nnuru a wonom no dɔɔso.
• Sɔ hwɛ sɛ w’akwaa afoforo no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.
• Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde hwɛ sɛ ɔyare bi wɔ nipadua no mu anaa, ebia akyi berɛmo mu tap mpo.
• Wobetumi ayɛ koko X-ray anaa CT scan de ahwɛ ahu sɛ tebea foforo biara nni hɔ (a ɛwɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte saa ara) anaasɛ wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ nsɛnnennen afoforo wɔ hɔ anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa eyi?

Ayaresa a wo nsa bɛka no begyina sɛnea wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den no so.

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete: Sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ nketenkete a, mpɛn pii no, sɛ wogyae aduru no anaasɛ wɔsesa dodow a wɔde ma no a, esiesie sɛnkyerɛnne no wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 kosi 72 ntam . Sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ansiesie ntɛm a, wobetumi akyerɛw aduru bi a esiw serotonin ano te sɛ cyproheptadine (Periactin®) ama.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkɔ fam: Sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ nea ɛkɔ fam a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, wɔde wo bɛtra ayaresabea nnɔnhwerew 24 ahwɛ sɛ ebia wo sɛnkyerɛnne no tu mpɔn bere a wɔsa wo yare no anaa.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den: Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den yiye a, wɔde wo bɛkɔ Intensive Care Unit (ICU) a wɔbɛhwɛ wo nipadua ne wo akwaa ahorow no dwumadi so yiye.

Wobetumi de ayaresa ahorow a edidi so yi ama a egyina sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so:

• Aduru a ɛma obi dwo te sɛ benzodiazepine betumi atew sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ basabasayɛ, ntini a ɛyɛ den, ne akisikuru so.
• Wɔde saline `(IV nsuo)` ma de tew nsuo a ɛkura mu ne atiridiinini so, na wɔde oxygen fa `(mask)` so ma anim ma oxygen dodoɔ a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no tu mpɔn.
• Aduru a wɔde siw koma bɔ ne mogya mmoroso so.
• Nea ɛbɛyɛ na atiridiinini a ano yɛ den yiye (digrii Celsius 41.1 / digrii Fahrenheit 106) so atew no, wɔde ɔhome afiri bi hyɛ mu ma ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, wɔma ahomegye a ɛma obi dwo, na wɔde nnuru a ɛma ntini no dwo ma.
• Sɛ ayaresa afoforo mma obi nnya ahotɔ ntɛm a, wɔkyerɛw aduru bi a esiw serotonin ano a wɔfrɛ no cyproheptadine.

Sɛ aduru bi a ekum adwenemhaw na ɛde wo serotonin yare no bae a, ebia ebegye adapɛn pii ansa na aduru no afi wo nipadua mu koraa na wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ayera koraa.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara: Nnyae nnuru biara a wobɛnom anaasɛ nsakra dodow a wode di dwuma a wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den anaasɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara. Serotonin yare no betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Nsɛnnennen bɛn na ebetumi aba?

Sɛ wɔansa a, serotonin syndrome betumi de nsɛnnennen te sɛ:

• Akisikuru a ɛma obi ho kyere no.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den.
• Asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Sɛ nneɛma a ɛma ntini mu paapae boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu na asaabo no yiyi mu a, sɛ wɔansa a, ebetumi asɛe asaabo kɛse.
• Coma tebea.
• Owu mpo betumi aba.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na yɛrenya nkwa wɔ eyi mu?

• Ɛho hia paa sɛ wohwɛ nnuru biara a wobɛnom no yiye . Kenkan kɔkɔbɔ ahorow a ɛwɔ nnuru a wɔde ahyɛ mu anaa nsɛm kratasin a ɛka ho no nyinaa. Ɛbɛkyerɛ wo sɛ asiane bi wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya serotonin syndrome anaa.
• Nnyae nnuru biara a wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa.
• Ma oduruyɛfo biara a ɔsa wo yare no nhu nnuru a worenom nyinaa (nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma wo, nnuru a wɔtɔn, nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ amanne kwan so, nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho, nnuru a mmara mma ho kwan mpo).
• Sɛ worenom triptan a wɔde sa atiridiinini a nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw (titiriw SSRI anaa SNRI) ka ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo duruyɛfo hwɛ wo yiye. Wosusuw sɛ asiane no sua koraa, ebia na enni hɔ mpo. Nanso kae sɛ, wowɔ asɛyɛde bi: Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wɔaka ho asɛm wɔ asɛm yi mu no bi a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.
• Ahwɛyiye ahorow yi a wubedi akyi no bɛboa wo ne wo duruyɛfo ma woahu serotonin syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne ntɛm. Sɛ wohu ntɛm a, ebetumi aboa ma wɔasiw yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den ano.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan wɔ tebea yi mu?

Sɛ wohu na wɔsa wɔn yare ntɛm a, nnipa dodow no ara ho sɛnkyerɛnne no befi hɔ koraa wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 kosi 72 mu.

Sɛ wo ho tɔ wo a, wo duruyɛfo betumi:

• Tew aduru a ɛde tebea yi bae no dodow so ma ɛnyɛ nea etu mpɔn sen biara.
• Gyae nnuru abien a ɛdɔɔso a ɛka serotonin bom ma.
• Dan kɔ aduru foforo a ennya serotonin so nkɛntɛnso so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mefrɛ me duruyɛfo ?

• Sɛ wowɔ serotonin syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne (anaasɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛreyɛ kɛse) a, frɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara anaa kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu. Hwɛ yiye titiriw sɛ woafi ase renom aduru foforo, woama nnuru a wode di dwuma mprempren no dodow akɔ soro, anaasɛ worenom nnuru a wunim sɛ ɛka serotonin dodow a.
• Nnyae nnuru nom anaasɛ nsakra dodow a wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa.
• Hwɛ hu sɛ wo nnuruyɛfo nyinaa nim nnuru a wonom nyinaa.
• Kenkan kɔkɔbɔ ne nsɛm ho nkrataa a ɛka wo nnuru no ho no yiye.
• Sua serotonin yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho ade. Hwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yiye titiriw sɛ worenom nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw a.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa wo nnuru anaa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ho a, bisa wo duruyɛfo anaa nnuruyɛfo.
• Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, anaasɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛfrɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara anaasɛ wobɛkɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ.

Dɛn ne nkrasɛm a yɛpɛ sɛ yɛde kɔ fie fi saa asɛm yi mu?

• Serotonin Syndrome yɛ tebea a ebetumi ayɛ aniberesɛm, nanso sɛ wɔhwɛ so yiye a, wobetumi asa .
• Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka nnuru biara a wobɛnom ho asɛm pefee, titiriw sɛ worefi ase ayɛ foforo anaasɛ woresakra dodow a wode di dwuma a.
• Hwɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no yiye. Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a , hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu a wonsɛe bere.
• Kae sɛ wunim w’akwahosan yiye, enti ɛho hia sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara.

` Serotonin syndrome, serotonin, nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw, nnuru a ɛde ba, amemene mu nnuru, ntini mu nkwaadɔm, nnuru a ɛyɛ adwuma