Ɛyɛ den sɛ wode nea wote nka bere a wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ wowɔ nufu mu kokoram no akyerɛ. Nanso ebetumi ayɛ den kɛse mpo bere a wo duruyɛfo de nsɛmfua te sɛ "Stage 2" ne "Grade 3" di dwuma no. Dɛn ankasa na saa mmere ne abasobɔde ahorow yi kyerɛ? Eyinom a wubehu no bɛboa wo ma w’adwene mu ayɛ den na woasisi gyinae pa wɔ w’ayaresa ho. Enti momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm a yensuro, wɔ ɔkwan tiawa so na emu da hɔ.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Stage ne Grade ntam?
Ɛwom sɛ sɛ wote a, nsɛmfua abien yi nnyigyei yɛ pɛ de, nanso ɛkyerɛ nneɛma abien ankasa.
- Kokoram Fam: Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, kokoram ‘afã’ no kyerɛ baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu wɔ nipadua no mu . Te sɛ dua ntini no, ɛhwɛ baabi a kokoram no atrɛw afi nufu no mu, ne sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn anaa akwaa afoforo mu.
- Kokoram Grade: Kokoram ‘grade’ kyerɛ sɛnea kokoram nkwammoaa no yɛ basabasa . Ɛne sɛ, sɛnea ɛsono sɛnea ɛte wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw ho wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu, ne sɛnea wɔpaapae na ɛtrɛw ntɛmntɛm no.
Saa nneɛma abien yi nyinaa ho hia yiye ma oduruyɛfo no sɛ ɔbɛpaw ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo.
Kyerɛ nufu mu kokoram no fã ahorow
Wɔtaa de nufu mu kokoram fã ahorow no nɔma fi 0 kosi 4. Dodow a dodow no sua no, dodow no ara na kokoram no ntrɛwee.
- Stage 0: Eyi ne ade a edi kan koraa. Kokoram nkwammoaa no wɔ nufusu ntini no mu nkutoo. Wɔnnya ntrɛwee wɔ abɔnten. Wɔsan frɛ eyi `(Ductal Carcinoma In Situ - DCIS)`. Eyi yɛ tebea a wotumi sa yiye.
- Ɔfã I: Eyi ne baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akɔ nufu mu ntini a ɛte apɔw mu. Nanso akisikuru no da so ara sua (ebia ne kɛse te sɛ atoko) na kokoram no wɔ nufu no ne ntini kakraa bi a ɛbɛn hɔ no nkutoo mu. Kokoram a ɛwɔ saa bere yi mu nso yɛ nea wotumi sa no yiye .
- Ɔfã II: Akisikuru no sõ kakra (ebia ne kɛse te sɛ lemon), anaasɛ atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛwɔ abasa no mu no mu, nanso kokoram no da so ara wɔ nufu no fã.
- Ɔfã III: Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no "locally advanced" kokoram. Ɛha yi, kokoram no atrɛw akɔ koko no fasu anaa honam ani, na ebia atrɛw akɔ ntini pii mu. Nanso nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ennya ntrɛwee nkɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ mmerɛbo anaa ahurututu mu. Sɛ wɔde ayaresa a ɛfata ma nnipa pii a, wɔatumi adi kokoram no so wɔ saa bere yi mu na wɔn ho atɔ wɔn.
- Ɔfã IV:Eyi ne adeyɛ a ɛkɔ anim sen biara. Ɛha no kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri sen nufu no akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ nnompe, ahurututu, mmerɛbo anaa amemene mu . Yɛsan frɛ eyi `metastatic` kokoram. Ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa saa fã yi koraa de, nanso nnɛyi ayaresa a ɛkɔ akyiri no betumi asiw kokoram no nyin so, atew yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so na ama nnipa pii atra ase yiye asram pii, ɛtɔ mmere bi a mfe pii .
Kokoram grade ne sɔhwɛ afoforo a ɛho hia
Wɔnam kokoram nkwammoaa a wonya denam oprehyɛn anaa nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete yɛ so na ɛkyerɛ abasobɔde no.
| Aba | Kyerɛ |
|---|---|
| Adesuakuw a ɛto so 1 | Kokoram nkwammoaa ne nkwammoaa a wɔwɔ apɔwmuden di nsɛ yiye. Wonyin nkakrankakra na wɔtrɛw nkakrankakra. |
| Adesuakuw a ɛto so 2 | Kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ soronko kakra wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw ho. Wonyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so. |
| Adesuakuw a ɛto so 3 | Kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ soronko koraa wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw ho. Wonyin na wɔtrɛw ntɛmntɛm. |
Hormone Receptors ne HER2 Gyinabea
Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ foforo a ɛho hia yiye wɔ ayaresa a wobehu mu.
- ER/PR tebea: Nufu mu kokoram nkwammoaa binom hia mmea nkwaadɔm `Estrogen (ETU) ` ne `Progesterone (PR)` na aboa wɔn ma wɔanyin. Wɔbɛsɔ wo kokoram nkwammoaa no ahwɛ sɛ ebia wɔwɔ ntini ahorow a ɛma saa nkwaadɔm yi yɛ adwuma anaa. Sɛ wɔyɛ saa a, wɔbɛyɛ `ER-positive` anaa `PR-positive`. Hormone ayaresa betumi atu mpɔn kɛse ama nnipa a wɔte saa.
- HER2 tebea: `HER2` yɛ protein a ɛma kokoram nkwammoaa nyin ntɛmntɛm. Sɛ wo kokoram no ma saa `HER2` protein yi dɔɔso dodo a, ɛyɛ `HER2-positive`. Ayaresa ahorow a ɛsono emu biara wɔ hɔ a wɔde wɔn ani asi so ma eyi.
- Triple-Negative: Sɛ kokoram bi nyɛ papa wɔ eyinom abiɛsa nyinaa mu: ER, PR, ne HER2 a, yɛfrɛ no ``Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.`` Akwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gu ahorow ma eyi.
Ɛdenam saa nsɛm yi nyinaa a oduruyɛfo no bɛboaboa ano so no, ɔbɛyɛ ayaresa nhyehyɛe a ɛfata wo na ama woanya nea eye sen biara.
Dɛn ne saa TNM nhyehyɛe yi?
Ɔkwan foforo a ɛkɔ akyiri a nnuruyɛfo fa so hu kokoram no gyinabea pɛpɛɛpɛ no, wɔfrɛ no ``TNM Staging System.`` Nkyerɛwde a ɛwɔ saa nhyehyɛe yi mu no kyerɛ nea edidi so yi.
| Lɛtɛ | Kyerɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|---|
| T (Akisikuru) . | Aduaba titiriw no | Akisikuru no kɛse te dɛn? Sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ honam ani anaa ne moma so no, wɔde nkyerɛwde T a wɔde nɔma (T1, T2...) di akyi na ɛkyerɛ. Dodow a dodow no dɔɔso no, dodow no ara na akisikuru no yɛ kɛse. |
| N (Nodes) . | Ntini a ɛma mogya tu | So atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ a ɛma mogya tu mu? Wɔde nkyerɛwde N ne nɔma (N0, N1...) kyerɛ baabi a ɛtrɛwee. N0 kyerɛ sɛ ɛntrɛwee. |
| M (Nneɛma a Ɛma Nyarewa) . | Akyirikyiri trɛw | Nkyerɛwde M kyerɛ sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri (te sɛ nnompe anaa ahurututu) mu (metastasis). M0 kyerɛ sɛ akyirikyiri ntrɛwmu biara mmae. M1 kyerɛ sɛ atrɛw. |
Nsuro nkwagye dodow.
Sɛ wohwɛ intanɛt so a, wubehu akontaabu te sɛ "5-year survival rate." Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka bere a wuhu akontaahyɛde ahorow yi no. Nanso yɛsrɛ sɛ kae sɛ, eyinom yɛ nkyɛmu a egyina ayarefo nsɛm mpempem pii so ara kwa.
Obiara ntumi nka nea ɛbɛto wo pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nea ebefi mu aba no betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina nneɛma pii so, a mfe a woadi, w’akwahosan nyinaa, ne sɛnea woyɛ w’ade wɔ ayaresa ho ka ho. Ade foforo ne sɛ, saa akontaabu ahorow yi gyina abakɔsɛm mu nsɛm so. Saa dodow yi sakra bere nyinaa ma ɛyɛ papa bere a wɔanya ayaresa foforo no.
Enti mma w’ani nnye dodow yi ho dodo. Onipa a oye sen biara a obehu sɛnea saa nneɛma yi fa wo tebea no ho ne wo duruyɛfo. Ka eyi ho asɛm kyerɛ no pefee.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Faako a kokoram no wɔ no ma yehu baabi a atrɛw akodu. Abasobɔde no kyerɛ yɛn sɛnea kokoram nkwammoaa no yɛ basabasa no.
- Sɛ wunim wo kokoram no fã, abasobɔde, ne nsɛm afoforo (ER, PR, HER2) a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woapaw ayaresa a ɛfata na etu mpɔn sen biara ama wo.
- Wɔ mmere a ɛkɔ akyiri te sɛ ɔfã III mpo mu no, hokwan pa wɔ hɔ sɛ obi ho bɛtɔ no bere a wɔsa no yare yiye. Wɔ ɔfã IV mpo mu no, nnɛyi ayaresa betumi aboa wo ma woatra ase yiye mfe pii bere a woredi yare no so no.
- Akontaabu (Survival Rates) a wohu wɔ intanɛt so no yɛ average values kɛkɛ. Ebia wɔremfa w’ankasa wo tebea ho. Enti nsuro wɔn.
- Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa pefee wɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo ho. Woyɛ w’akwahosan kuw no muni a ɔho hia. Sɛ wo ne w’abusuafo ne wo nnamfo bɛka eyi ho asɛm nso a, ɛbɛboa wo ma woanya ahotoso kɛse.
💬 Comments (0)
Wɔnnya nyɛɛ nsɛm biara. Fa wo nsɛm no ka ho wɔ ha nea edi kan.
Fa wo nsɛm no ka ho