Sɛ oduruyɛfo no ka kyerɛ wo sɛ wowɔ nufu mu kokoram a, ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata koraa sɛ wobɛte ehu nka, wo ho adwiriw wo, na woanya nsɛmmisa pii. Sɛ oduruyɛfo no ka sɛ, "Eyi yɛ Stage 2 cancer" anaa "Grade 3" a, ebia wubesusuw nea nsɛmfua yi kyerɛ ankasa ho. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kɛse mpo bere a wote nsɛm a ɛte sɛ eyinom no. Nanso, sɛ wɔma wohu saa nneɛma yi pefee a, ɛbɛboa wo ne w’abusua ma mo adwene mu ayɛ den na moasi gyinae wɔ daakye ayaresa ho. Enti momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa koraa nnɛ.
So kokoram ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: ‘Stage’ ne ‘Grade’?
Yiw, eyi fa nneɛma abien ho. Eyinom abien nyinaa ma nnuruyɛfo nya nsɛm a ɛho hia a ɛfa sɛnea wo kokoram no te ho.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a:
- Kokoram Fam: Fa kokoram sɛ ogya ketewaa bi a efi ase wɔ ofie bi mu. ‘Stage’ kyerɛ baabi a ogya no atrɛw akodu wɔ fie no mu, sɛ́ atrɛw akɔ akyiri sen nufu no akɔ ntini a ɛwɔ abasa no mu anaasɛ akwaa afoforo mu. Dodow a stage dodow no sua no, dodow no ara na kokoram no ntrɛwee.
- Kokoram Grade: Susuw saa ogya no ho bio. ‘Grade’ kyerɛ sɛnea ogya no mu yɛ den ne sɛnea ɛretrɛw ntɛmntɛm. Nnuruyɛfo de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ kokoram nkwammoaa mu hwɛ sɛnea ɛte sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden ne sɛnea ɛrepaapae ntɛmntɛm. Dodow a abasobɔde no kɔ soro no, dodow no ara na kokoram no betumi ayɛ basabasa kɛse.
Saa nsɛm abien yi nyinaa ho hia yiye ma oduruyɛfo no sɛ ɔbɛpaw ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare a ɛfata wo kɛse.
Nneɛma bɛn na nufu mu kokoram ba?
Wɔde nɔma a efi 0 kosi 4 titiriw na ɛkyerɛ nufu mu kokoram no fã ahorow.Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde nkyerɛwde te sɛ A, B, ne C di dwuma de kyerɛkyerɛ saa mmere yi mu kɔ akyiri.
| Prama | Nea ɛkyerɛ ara kwa |
|---|---|
| Ɔfã 0 | Eyi ne nufu mu kokoram a edi kan koraa . Nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ no wɔ nufu no mu ntini a ɛde nufusu kɔ no mu nkutoo. Wɔntrɛw nkɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ `Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)`. |
| Ɔfã I (Ɔfã 1) . | Mprempren kokoram no yɛ nea ɛkɔ nipadua no mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ atrɛw akɔ nufu mu ntini a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Nanso akisikuru no da so ara sua koraa (ennu sɛntimita 2) na ɛntrɛw nkɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ mu, anaasɛ ɛntrɛw kakraa bi pɛ. Saa bere yi de, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya ayaresa no dɔɔso kɛse. |
| Ɔfã II (Ɔfã 2) . | Ebia kokoram no bɛyɛ kɛse kakra (ɛyɛ sɛntimita 2-5 ntam) anaasɛ atrɛw akɔ ntini kakraa bi a ɛbɛn a ɛwɔ abasa no mu. Nanso kokoram no da so ara wɔ nufu ne abasa no mu nkutoo. |
| Ɔfã III (Ɔfa 3) . | Eyi yɛ mpɔtam hɔ adeyɛ a ɛkɔ anim kɛse . Ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ nufu no akyi, akɔ koko fasu, honam ani, anaa ntini a ɛwɔ abasa no mu. Nanso ennya ntrɛwee nkɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ mmerɛbo anaa ahurututu mu. |
| Ɔfã IV (Ɔfã 4) . | Wɔfrɛ saa fã yi Metastatic Breast Cancer . Eyi ne bere a kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akyiri sen nufu no ne ntini a ɛbɛn no akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ nnompe, ahurututu, mmerɛbo, anaa amemene mu . |
Kokoram grade ne sɔhwɛ afoforo a ɛho hia
Oduruyɛfo no nam kokoram nkwammoaa a wonya denam oprehyɛn anaa nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu so no so na ɛkyerɛ abasobɔde no.
- Grade 1: Kokoram nkwammoaa te sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden yiye. Wonyin nkakrankakra.
- Grade 2: Kokoram nkwammoaa no yɛ soronko kakra wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden ho. Wonyin wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so.
- Gyinapɛn 3: Kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ soronko koraa wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ apɔwmuden ho na ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ basabasa. Wotumi nyin na wɔtrɛw ntɛmntɛm.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, sɛ wunim saa abasobɔde yi a, ɛbɛboa wo kɛse ma wo duruyɛfo ahu ayaresa a wuhia ne ayaresa ko a wuhia, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare.
Nea ɛka ho no, oduruyɛfo no reyɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo pii a ɛho hia.
- Hormone Receptor Status: Nufu mu kokoram nkwammoaa binom de hormone estrogen ne progesterone di dwuma ma enyin.
- ER-positive (ER+) kyerɛ sɛ kokoram no de hormone estrogen di dwuma ma enyin.
- PR-positive (PR+) kyerɛ sɛ wɔde hormone progesterone di dwuma.
- Sɛ eyinom yɛ papa a, wobetumi adi kokoram no so denam hormone ayaresa a wɔde bɛma so.
- HER2 Gyinabea: `HER2` yɛ protein a ɛhwɛ nkwammoaa nyin so. Kokoram nkwammoaa binom yɛ saa `HER2` protein (`HER2-positive`) yi pii dodo. Afei kokoram no betumi anyin ntɛmntɛm. Wɔ `HER2-positive` kokoram ho no, nnuru pɔtee bi wɔ hɔ (Targeted Therapy) a ɛde n’ani si saa protein no so.
Dɛn ne TNM nhyehyɛe no?
Eyi ne ɔkwan a wogye tom wɔ aman horow so a nnuruyɛfo fa so hu kokoram no gyinabea pɛpɛɛpɛ. Bere a ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra no, ebetumi ama woanya wo kokoram no ho mfonini a edi mu yiye.
- T (Tumor): Ɛkyerɛ kokoram no kɛse ne sɛ ebia atrɛw akɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia mu anaa.
- N (Nodes): Ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ mu , na sɛ ɛte saa a, kodu kodu.
- M (Metastasis): Ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri a ɛwɔ nufu no akyi anaa.
Wɔnam akontaahyɛde a ɛbata nkyerɛwde yi mu biara ho (e.g. T1, N0, M0) a wɔde bɛka abom so na ɛkyerɛ wo kokoram no fã nyinaa. Sɛ wuhu saa agyiraehyɛde ahorow yi bi wɔ w’amanneɛbɔ so a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo no nkyerɛkyerɛmu.
So ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho ankasa wɔ Mfe 5 Nkwagye dodow no ho?
Saa nsɛm yi ma ehu ka obiara adwene mu. Eyi kyerɛ nnipa 100 a wɔahu sɛ wɔwɔ kokoram wɔ bere pɔtee bi mu no mu dodow a wɔbɛtra ase wɔ mfe 5 akyi.
Nanso ma eyi ntra w’adwenem: Eyinom yɛ akontaabu a ɛfa nneɛma nyinaa ho a egyina nsɛm a efi ayarefo mpempem pii hɔ so ara kwa. Wontumi nkyerɛ w’ankorankoro tebea.
- Wɔ kokoram a edi kan (a ɛwɔ mpɔtam hɔ) fam no, saa dodow yi dɔɔso te sɛ 99% .
- Ɛwom sɛ saa dodow yi sua bere a kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri (Akyirikyiri/Ɔfã 4) de, nanso esiane nnɛyi nnɛyi ayaresa ahorow nti, nnipa pii atumi akura asetra pa mu na wɔatra ase mfe pii wɔ Ɔfã 4 kokoram mpo mu .
Enti, mma akontaabu a ɛwɔ intanɛt so no nhyɛ wo so. Ɛsɛ sɛ w’adwene si so sɛ wobɛbata w’ayaresa nhyehyɛe soronko no ho.Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm pefee.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nufu mu kokoram ‘afã’ no kyerɛ baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu. ‘Grade’ no kyerɛ sɛnea kokoram no yɛ basabasa.
- Wo kokoram no fã pɔtee ne ne dodow a wubehu no ho hia na ama woahu ayaresa nhyehyɛe a eye sen biara ma wo.
- Kokoram a ɛto so 4 (Metastatic) nyɛ nkwa awiei. Ɛdenam nnɛyi ayaresa a ɛkɔ akyiri so no, wobetumi adi tebea no ho dwuma na wɔatra ase yiye.
- Sɛ woante biribi ase wɔ w’amanneɛbɔ mu a, nsuro anaa ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo mpɛn pii. Ɛyɛ wo hokwan.
- Mma wo nkutoo nkɔ akwantu yi mu. Hwehwɛ mmoa fi w’abusua, nnamfo, ne mmoa akuw hɔ sɛ ɛho hia a. Ɛbɛma woanya adwene mu ahoɔden pii.
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