So wo nso wowɔ saa allergies a ɛyɛ ahometew yi? Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa!

So ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ wo yaw a ntease biara nnim? Anaasɛ wofefe bere nyinaa? Sɛ wudi nnuan bi a, ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome? Ebia nea enti a saa nneɛma yi ba ne `Allergy` . Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea saa `Allergy` yi yɛ, nea enti a ɛba, sɛnea wobehu, ne nea wobetumi ayɛ wɔ ho. Mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wuhu eyi wie a, w’ankasa wubetumi adi nneɛma pii so.

Dɛn ankasa ne `Allergies`?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, `Allergies` yɛ yɛn nipadua no ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe, ` nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa` , a ɛyɛ n’ade boro so wɔ nneɛma a mpɛn pii no ɛnpira yɛn ho, te sɛ nea ɛyɛ ɔtamfo kɛse. Fa no sɛ, yɛn `immune system` adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛbɔ yɛn ho ban denam mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba a wɔbɛko atia so. Nanso wɔ obi a ɔwɔ `allergy` mu no, saa nhyehyɛe yi di mfomso susuw sɛ nneɛma bi yɛ "asiane".

Sɛ wodwene saa a, nnuru pii te sɛ `histamine` na ɛba nipadua no mu. Saa `allergies` yi yɛ nneɛma a asiane biara nni ho ankasa a yɛfrɛ no `allergens` . Sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuan bi (te sɛ atoko, nufusu), mfutuma a ɛwɔ fie, nhwiren mu nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ, anaa nnuru bi mpo betumi ayɛ `allergens`.

Sɛ obi nya akisikuru a, dɛn na ɛba nipadua no mu?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛkɔ so ankasa wɔ nipadua no mu bere a `allergy` bi asi no. Sɛ yɛn `immune system` hyia `allergen` a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no a, ɛma protein soronko bi a wɔfrɛ no ` IgE antibodies` tia no. Saa `antibody` yi kɔ na wɔde sɛnkyerɛnne ma nkwammoaa bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu (titiriw `mast cells` ), na wɔka sɛ, "Ɔtamfo bi aba, yɛ ho biribi mprempren!"

Afei, saa nkwammoaa no gyae nnuru afoforo pii, te sɛ `histamine`, kɔ mogya no mu. Saa nnuru yi ka yɛn aniwa, hwene, menewa , ahurututu, honam ani, anaa dwensɔtwaa (`yafunu mu kwan`) na ɛde `allergy` sɛnkyerɛnne ba. Fa no sɛ, mpofirim ara w’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ wo yaw, anaasɛ wofe mpɛn pii – nneɛma a ɛtete saa.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, sɛ saa allergen no san hyɛn nipadua no mu bio a, saa antibody mmuae yi befi ase bio.Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, bere biara a wubehyia biribi a wo ho yɛ wo hyew no, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru no da adi?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru no betumi ayɛ soronko koraa. Ɛtɔ da a, ɛsono nnipa biara, na onipa koro mpo betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow wɔ mmere ahorow mu.

• Nneyɛe a emu nyɛ den: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete bi wɔ hɔ a ɛnyɛ den koraa. Nhwɛsoɔ:
• Nkuru nketenkete pue wɔ honam ani (yɛfrɛ eyinom `hives` anaa hives) .
• Nsu a ɛba hwene mu, hwene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Aniwa yɛ wo yaw, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, na ɛtetew.
• Me menewam a mereprapra mu
• Nneyɛe a emu yɛ den kɛse: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyi betumi ayɛ kɛse kakra na aka nipadua no fã bɛboro biako.

Nneɛma bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew betumi de tebea bi a emu yɛ den yiye, a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu mpo a wɔfrɛ no anaphylaxis . Eyi yɛ asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ!

Anaphylaxis betumi afi ase denam sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no so, nanso ebetumi ayɛ kɛse ntɛmntɛm wɔ simma kakraa bi mu.

• Ɛyɛ den sɛ mɛhome, me moma so te nka sɛ ɛyɛ den.
• Menewa no ahonhon.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkasa.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ wo yaw ba, na ebia w’adwene bɛyera mpo.
• Ebia nsensanee kɔkɔɔ ne eczema bɛpue wɔ honam ani.
• Yafunu mu yaw, ɔfe, ne akisikuru betumi aba.

Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no `anaphylaxis,' betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu sɛ wɔansa no ntɛm a. Enti sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase.

Dɛn nti na saa akisikuru yi ba nnipa binom nkutoo so?

Mpɛn pii no, su a ɛma obi nya akisikuru no fi awosu mu . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wo maame, wo papa, anaa wo nua no nya akisikuru a, wo nso wowɔ hokwan ketewaa bi sɛ wubenya bi. Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubenya akisikuru. Obi nnya akisikuru pɔtee bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, atoko ho akisikuru), su a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa sɛ obenya aduan biara ho akisikuru nkutoo. Afei nso, wubetumi anya akisikuru sɛ mpo obiara nni w’abusua mu a ne ho yɛ no yaw a.

Nneɛma bɛn na ɛtaa ba a nkurɔfo ho yɛ wɔn hyew?

Momma yɛnhwɛ nneɛma a ɛtaa de akisikuru ba, kyerɛ sɛ, nea ɛyɛ nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew.

1. Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw a ɛwɔ mframa mu

Eyinom ne nneɛma a ɛhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu bere a yɛhome na ɛma yɛn ho yɛ yɛn yaw.

• Mfutuma mu nwansena: Eyinom yɛ abɔde nketenkete a wɔyɛ nketewa dodo sɛ wɔde aniwa betumi ahu. Wɔte mfutuma mu wɔ afie, mpa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne kapet mu.
• Pollen: Pollen a efi nnua, nhwiren, ne sare mu. Ɛdɔɔso wɔ wim, titiriw wɔ afe no mu mmere bi mu. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ hay fever.
• Nkuku ahorow: Nkuku a enyin wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini kɛse, sɛ nhwɛso no, aguaree, adididan, ne afasu so.
• Ayɛmma: Nwoma, nnompe, ne honam ani nkwammoaa a awu (`pet dander`) a efi mmoa te sɛ akraman ne mpataa mu.
• Akɔre: Akɔre nsu ne nipadua akwaa.

2. Aduan a Ɛma Nnipa Ho Yɛ Den

Nnuan bi nso betumi ama obi anya akisikuru. Eyinom abu so titiriw wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa ne mmofra nkumaa mu.

• Nantwi nufusu (anaa protein ahorow a ɛwɔ nantwi nufusu mu) .
• Nkwaa a wɔde yɛ nkesua
• Nsunam
• Po mu nnuan (`shellfish` - s.e. shrimp, krak, squid, mussels) .
• Atoko a wɔde yɛ atoko
• Nnuadewa afoforo (`dua nnuaba` - s.e. cashews, almonds, walnuts) .
• Soya
• Hwiiti
• Sesame a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

3. Nneɛma afoforo a ɛtaa nya akisikuru

• Nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn ho: Nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn te sɛ ntɛtea, ntɛtea, ne ntɛtea betumi ama obi ho ayɛ no yaw esiane awuduru a ɛwɔ mu nti. Eyinom betumi ayɛ den yiye wɔ nnipa binom mu, na ebetumi mpo ama wɔanya anaphylactic reaction a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no.
• Nnuru: Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa (nnuru a wɔde sa ɔyare mmoawa, te sɛ penicillin) ne nnuru a wɔtaa de ma obi ho yɛ no hyew. Nanso, nnuru afoforo pii, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw, nnuru a ekum akisikuru, ne nnuru a wɔtɔn mpo no nso betumi ama obi anya akisikuru.
• Nnuru: Nnipa binom betumi anya akisikuru bere a wɔde nnuru bi a wɔde yɛ ahosiesie, nnuru a wɔde hohoro nneɛma ho, ne samina redi dwuma no. Eyi taa yɛ sɛnea nnuru a ɛwɔ saa nneɛma no mu no yɛ wɔn ade. Nnipa binom nso betumi ayɛ wɔn ayayade wɔ nnuru a wɔde yɛ ti nhwi, nneɛma a wɔde siesie fie, ne nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa ho. Nnipa binom nso ani nnye latex (ade a wɔde rɔba te sɛ nsateaa) ho.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu no yiye sɛ wowɔ akisikuru bi?

Sɛ wotaa nya akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo te wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ho asɛm na osusuw sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a, ɔde wo bɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru anaa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa so nkyɛn .

Oduruyɛfo titiriw no bebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne (e.g. bere a ɛba, mpɛn dodow a ɛba, bere tenten a ɛwɔ hɔ, ne nea ɛkeka ho) ne sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ akisikuru anaa. Afei, wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de akyerɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ allergy anaa.

• Skin prick test: Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde nea wosusuw sɛ ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew no kakraa bi gu wo honam ani na wɔde ade ketewaa bi a wɔde twitwiw wo honam ani. Sɛ beae no dan kɔkɔɔ na ɛho ahonhon kakra wɔ simma 15-20 mu a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ saa aduru a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew no ho.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu:Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔfa wo mogya no bi na wɔhwɛ sɛ ebia wɔayɛ `IgE antibodies` a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no atia `allergens` pɔtee bi anaa.

Oduruyɛfo no gyina sɛnea wosusuw sɛ obi anya akisikuru no so na esi sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɔbɛyɛ ho gyinae.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa akisikuru?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, mprempren wonni aduru biara a wɔde sa akisikuru. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so adi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma na woabɔ bra sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Akwan titiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa yare:

1. Allergen Kwati: Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara na edi kan. Sɛ wuhu nea ɛde wo akisikuru no ba ankasa a, kwati sɛnea wubetumi biara.

2. Nnuru: Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru ahorow ama wo de adi wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so.

3. Allergen Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots): Wɔde saa ayaresa yi di dwuma ma akisikuru ahorow bi.

1. Afotu kakraa bi a ɛbɛma woanya ahobammɔ afi nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ho

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, titiriw wɔ obi a aduan ho yɛ no yaw fam no, sɛ ɔbɛkwati aduru a ɛma ne ho yɛ no yaw no a, ebetumi agye nkwa .

• Sɛ wopɛ aduan ho akisikuru a:
• Kwati nnuan a wo ho yɛ wo hyew koraa.
• Kenkan nnuan a wɔakyerɛw so no yiye . Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔka nsɛm te sɛ "ebia nnuaba nketenkete bi wɔ mu." Hwɛ yiye wɔ saa nneɛma no nso ho.
• Sɛ woredidi wɔ abɔnten a, ka wo akisikuru ho asɛm kyerɛ onipa a ɔresiesie aduan no.
• Kwati nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew a ɛwɔ mframa mu:
• Yi mfutuma mu nwansena fi hɔ:
• Yi kapet ne ntama a emu yɛ duru fi mpa no mu.
• Fa nkataso soronko a ɛmma akisikuru ntumi nhyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ne mattress so.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, hohoro mpa so ntama ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ wɔ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew mu pɛnkoro dapɛn biara.
• Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wode mframa a wɔde tew mframa ho a HEPA (mframa nketenkete a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye) a wɔde yiyi mu bedi dwuma wɔ mpa no mu.
• Kwati pollen: .
• Ma nto mfɛnsere mu sɛnea wubetumi biara wɔ bere a pollen dɔɔso sen biara (mpɛn pii no anɔpatutuutu).
• Sɛ wufi adi wie a, sesa wo ntade na hohoro wo nipadua.
• Twe wo ho fi nnwuma te sɛ sare a wobɛtwa ne nwura a wobɛtwe ho.
• Yi nsunsu fi hɔ:
• Ma wo fie mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini kɛse (aguare, adididan, dan ase) nkɔ baabi a mframa pa nkɔ na ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ nwunu.
• Fa biribi te sɛ bleach hohoro mmeae a nsunsu wɔ hɔ.
• Kwati nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew a efi afieboa mu:
• Ma afieboa nkɔ mpa mu.
• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, guare aboa no pɛnkoro dapɛn biara (sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, nya obi a onni akisikuru).

2. Nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru

Wɔtaa de nnuru te sɛ nnuru a wɔde petepete hwene mu, ne nnuru a wɔde petepete aniwa mu di dwuma ma akisikuru.

• Nnuru a Ɛko Tia Histamine: Eyinom brɛ histamine dwumadi ase na esiw sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ahurututu, hwene a ɛtwetwe, ne ɛyaw so.
• `Decongestants`: Nnuru a wɔde ma ma anom a ɛyɛ den.
• Corticosteroids: Eyinom ba wɔ nnuru a wɔde petepete so, nnuru a wɔde petepete so, anaa nnuru a wɔde sa yare mu. Wɔtew ɔfe a akisikuru de ba no so.

Ɛwom sɛ nnuru yi betumi aboa ma wɔadi akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so de, nanso ɛnyɛ aduru . Wontumi nyi su a ɛne sɛ obi benya akisikuru no mfi hɔ nso. Wo duruyɛfo bɛboa wo ma woanya aduru a ɛfata ama wo.

Epinephrine a wɔde sa akisikuru a emu yɛ den (anaphylaxis) .

Nnipa binom, titiriw wɔn a wɔn ho nyɛ wɔn den wɔ aduan ho anaasɛ nkoekoemmoa a wɔn ho yɛ wɔn yaw no betumi anya tebea bi a emu yɛ den a wɔfrɛ no anaphylaxis. Wɔ nnipa a wɔte saa fam no, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ fa epinephrine auto-injector (te sɛ EpiPen) nkɔ wo ho. Eyi yɛ aduru a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma, na egye nkwa. Wobetumi de ahyɛ w’asen mu wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea wode bedi dwuma. Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wode auto-injector abien bɛkɔ bere nyinaa.

3. Allergen Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots anaa Nnuru a Wɔde Di Dwuma) .

Nea ɛka allergy shots ho ne sɛ wobɛma wo nipadua no allergen a wo ho yɛ wo den no kakraa bi pɛ, na wode nkakrankakra akɔ soro bere a bere kɔ so no, sɛ aduru a wɔde twitwiw wo nipadua mu. Eyi ma wo nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no nte nka nkakrankakra wɔ saa akisikuru no ho. Ɛte sɛ aduru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban.

Wɔtaa de saa ayaresa yi di dwuma ma mframa mu nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw te sɛ nsu mu nsu, mfutuma mu nwansena, nsunsu, ne afieboa akisikuru, ne nkoekoemmoa a wɔwe wɔn ho. Mprempren wɔmfa nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru nni dwuma mma aduan a obi ho yɛ no yaw.

Wɔ nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru akyi no, wobetumi de aduru a ɛko tia nyarewa nso ama nneɛma bi a ɛma obi ho yɛ no yaw (sɛ nhwɛso no, sare mu nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ, mfutuma mu nwansena) wɔ kasa ase aduru a ɛko tia nyarewa (SLIT) kwan so. Saa ayaresa yi betumi agye mfe pii. Nanso, ebetumi atew akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne so kɛse na ama nnuru a ehia no so atew.

Dɛn na ɛbɛboa me ma matra ase wɔ allergy ho? (Ne korakora)

Okay, seesei wunim sɛ wowɔ allergy. Enti wodi ho dwuma dɛn? Ade a edi kan na ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛtwe wo ho afi nneɛma a ɛma wo ho yɛ wo hyew no ho!

"Allergies a wobɛkwati no ne ahobammɔ a eye sen biara ne ayaresa a edi kan!"

• Wowɔ aduan ho akisikuru.Sɛ wowɔ bi a, kwati nnuan a ɛkanyan wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Kenkan nnuan a wɔakyerɛw so yiye na hwɛ hu sɛ nneɛma a wo ho yɛ wo hyew no biara nni mu. Fa epinephrine auto-injectors abien kɔ bere nyinaa, titiriw sɛ wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wobɛnya anaphylaxis a.
• Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia ho akisikuru , ma wo fie nyɛ mfutuma ne afieboa a ɛyɛ fĩ. Hwɛ wim tebea ho nkɔmhyɛ no mu nna a pollen dɔɔso no. Sɛ wɔde nnuru a wɔde hohoro nneɛma a nnuhuam nnim ne nea wɔmfa aduru nni dwuma, nnuru a wɔde yɛ ahosiesie ne nneɛma a wɔde yɛ ahoɔfɛ nso betumi aboa (ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔakyerɛw nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw so sɛ "hypoallergenic," a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ ɛde akisikuru bɛba).
• Sɛ worenom nnuru a , di akwankyerɛ a ɛwɔ krataa no so no akyi sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ka biribiara a wo ho ɔbenfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru so de ma wo (sɛ́ ɛyɛ nnuru anaa nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma wo) kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo a wotaa yɛ no.
• Sɛ wowɔ allergy a emu yɛ den a , susuw ho sɛ wobɛhyɛ aduruyɛ mu ntɛmpɛ ID (e.g., MedicAlert bracelet anaa card) a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ wo allergy ne onii a wobɛfrɛ no sɛ ntɛmpɛ bi si a.

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a, kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ hɔ. Afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a wɔte sɛ wo. Asɛmpa no ne sɛ nnuruyɛfo ne nyansahufo kɔ so reyɛ nhwehwɛmu de ate akisikuru ase yiye, ayɛ ayaresa ahorow, na ebia da bi asiw akisikuru ano. Enti, kɔ so nyɛ den, di wo duruyɛfo afotu akyi, na wubetumi adi wo akisikuru ho dwuma na w’ani agye!

Allergy, histamine, allergen, anaphylaxis, ayaresa, honam ani nyarewa, aduan ho akisikuru