Ka ahwehwɛ ho asɛmpa? Sua oprehyɛn a wɔde teɛteɛ w’ani so ho ade

So wuhu sɛ wode wo nsa ka w’aniwa ahwehwɛ no anɔpa biara? Anaasɛ wobrɛ wɔ ɔhaw a ɛwɔ contact lenses a wobɛhyɛ da mũ nyinaa mu no ho? Sɛ saa a, ebia woasusuw ɔkwan bi a wobɛfa so ahu wiase no yiye a wunni ahwehwɛ ho. Ɛnnɛ, yɛreka ano aduru a ebetumi aba ho asɛm. Ɛno ne oprehyɛn a wɔde teɛteɛ aniwa so, anaa nea yɛfrɛ no ``Aniwa a Wɔteɛteɛ Oprehyɛn.''

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne oprehyɛn a wɔde teɛteɛ aniwa yi?

Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Yɛn aniwa hu bere a hann hyɛn aniwa no mu na ɛde n’adwene si baabi a wɔfrɛ no retina so no. Nanso, nnipa binom aniwa ntumi ntwe ade yiye esiane nsonsonoe kakra a ɛwɔ wɔn aniwa nsusuwii mu nti. Yɛfrɛ eyi sɛ refractive error. Eyi nti na yentumi nhu akyirikyiri anaa baabi a ɛbɛn.

Enti, oprehyɛn yi hwehwɛ sɛ yɛyɛ nsakrae ketewaa bi wɔ yɛn aniwa no afã abien sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a hann a ɛhyɛn aniwa no mu no bɛkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ.

1. Cornea: Eyi ne yɛn aniwa no fã a ɛda adi, ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ, na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa wɔ anim no. Hann a ɛhyɛn aniwa no mu no bɛyɛ 75% abɔ, anaasɛ ɛpaapae, wɔ ha.

2. Ahwehwɛ: Aniwa no akyi no, hann fa saa ahwehwɛ yi mu. Eyi ne nea ɛma hann no twe adwene si yiye mpo na ɛde kɔ retina no mu tẽẽ.

Enti, saa oprehyɛn ahorow yi de laser sesa aniwa no nsusuwii kakra, anaasɛ wɔde ahwehwɛ a wɔde ayɛ aniwa no hyɛ aniwa no mu. Nea wobɛyɛ biara no, nea efi mu ba awiei koraa ne sɛ hann no twe adwene si so pɛpɛɛpɛ na wunya anisoadehu a emu da hɔ.

Akwan ahorow bɛn na wɔfa so yɛ oprehyɛn yi?

Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ. Na ɛnyɛ ne nyinaa na ɛbɛfata wo. Ɛno yɛ w’ani duruyɛfo na obesi ho gyinae.

Oprehyɛn akwan a wɔtaa de di dwuma no bi:

• LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis): Eyi ne ɔkwan a nnipa pii fa so agye din sen biara wɔ wiase.
• PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy): Ɛte sɛ LASIK, nanso ɛsono ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no kakra.
• SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction): Eyi nso yɛ laser mfiridwuma foforo.
• Phakic IOL Placement: Eyi ne baabi a wɔde ahwehwɛ a wɔde nsa ayɛ hyɛ mu a wonnyi abɔde mu ahwehwɛ no mfi hɔ.
• Refractive Lens Exchange: Wɔ eyi mu no, woyi abɔde mu ahwehwɛ no na wɔde ahwehwɛ a wɔde nsa ayɛ hyɛ mu. Eyi te sɛ ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw oprehyɛn wɔ ɔkwan bi so.

Ɔkwan bɛn na eye sen biara ma me?

Eyi ne asɛmmisa a ɛho hia sen biara. "Ɔkwan a eye sen biara" biara nni hɔ. Ebia nea ɛyɛ adwuma yiye ma wo no renyɛ adwuma mma obi foforo. W’ani duruyɛfo ne onipa a oye sen biara a obesi gyinae yi. Obesusuw nea edidi so yi ho:

• W’anisoadehu ho haw: Sɛ́ ebia wowɔ aniwa a ɛbɛn (Myopia), akyirikyiri (Hyperopia), anaa astigmatism. Ebia nnipa binom wɔ eyinom a wɔaka abom.
• Faako a sintɔ no kodu: Ɔkwan a ɛfata no bɛsono sɛnea w’aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no mu yɛ den no so.
• W’aniwa akwahosan nyinaa: Sɛ wowɔ aniwa mu yare afoforo te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa atiridiinini a, wɔmfa oprehyɛn bi nkyerɛ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ansa na wɔayɛ me oprehyɛn?

Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii ansa na wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn.

• Anisoadehu sɔhwɛ: Ɛsɛ sɛ wosusuw w’anisoadehu mfomso no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ wo nnuru a woakyerɛw no nso hwɛ sɛ "ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ den" anaa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ anka ɛnsɛ sɛ wo nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma wo no sesa kɛse wɔ afe a atwam no mu anaa nea ɛte saa.
• Aniwa akwahosan ho nhwehwɛmu: Wɔhwɛ sɛ ebia aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Aniwa Anim Mfonini: Afiri titiriw bi a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu yɛ w’aniwa ho mfonini a ɛkɔ akyiri yiye. Eyi ho hia yiye ma oprehyɛn no ho nhyehyɛe.

Nea ɛka ho no, oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ:

• So ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ so nom wo nnuru no, anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae ansa na wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn?
• So wɔbɛma wo aniwa mu nnuru te sɛ nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wode bɛhyɛ w’ani mu ansa na wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn, ne sɛnea wode bedi dwuma?
• Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ mmuada nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn no.

Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn no?

Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho. Eyi yɛ ayaresa a wɔde ma wɔ ayaresabea . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wotra ayaresabea hɔ, na wubetumi akɔ fie da koro no ara.

Nea edi kan no, wɔde nnuru a ɛma aniwa yɛ mmerɛw gu w’ani so, enti wonte ɛyaw biara. Afei wɔde afiri ketewaa bi na ɛma w’aniwa bue.

Nea ɛbɛba akyi no begyina oprehyɛn ko a wɔbɛyɛ wo so. Wɔ adeyɛ bi te sɛ LASIK mu no, wɔyɛ anim a ɛyɛ tratraa yiye wɔ ani no so, na afei wɔde kɔ ɔfã biako na wɔde laser hann bi si so. Sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn no wie a, wɔsan de flap no si nea ɛwɔ hɔ no mu na wɔto mu. Adeyɛ no nyinaa gye bere tiaa bi, bɛyɛ simma 15-30.

Mfaso ne asiane bɛn na ɛwɔ so?

Te sɛ aduruyɛ mu adeyɛ biara no, eyi wɔ mfaso ne asiane nketenkete.

Mfaso atitiriw a ɛwɔ so:

• Nkonimdie a ɛkorɔn paa: Nnipa bɛboro 95% a wɔyɛ wɔn laser oprehyɛn no ani gye nea ɛfiri mu ba no ho paa. Nnipa bɛboro 90% wɔ anisoadehu pa a wonni ahwehwɛ.
• Asetra pa a ɛkɔ anim: Wubetumi ayi wo ho a wode to ahwehwɛ ne ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade so no afi hɔ. Eyi yɛ ahofadi kɛse ma obi a ɔbɔ agumadi anaa osuguare.

Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho (asiane ahorow):

• Ebia wubehia ahwehwɛ: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia w’anisoadehu no nyɛ nokware 100%. Nanso saa bere no mpo, wubenya anisoadehu a eye sen kan no. Ebia wubehia ahwehwɛ a ahoɔden sua nkutoo ma tebea horow a ɛba bere ne bere mu, te sɛ kar a wobɛka anadwo.
• Nsunsuanso bɔne: Aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne hann a ɛyɛ mmerɛw betumi aba wɔ adapɛn kakraa a edi kan wɔ oprehyɛn no akyi. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom kɔ wɔ nna kakraa bi mu.
• Presbyopia: Oprehyɛn yi ntumi nsiw ade a ɛbɛn a ɛba bere a wadi mfe 40 akyi no ano.
• Nsɛnnennen: Ɛntaa mma koraa, nsɛnnennen te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa betumi aba. Eyi nti na ɛho hia sɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔfata na ne ho akokwaw yɛ eyi wɔ beae a nneɛma pa wɔ hɔ .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobɛbɔ w’ani ho ban bere a wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn awie no?

Nna kakraa a edi kan wɔ oprehyɛn akyi no ho hia yiye.

• Mfa w’ani: Sɛ w’ani te nka sɛ ɛyɛ wo yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ nwunu mpo a, mfa ntwitwiw w’ani so. Fa aniwa mu nnuru no di dwuma sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Bɔ wo ho ban fi owia ho: Sɛ worekɔ abɔnten a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛbɔ wo ho ban yiye wɔ UV ho.
• Kwati sɛ nsu anaa mfutuma bɛkɔ w’ani so: Hwɛ yiye na nsu ankɔ w’ani so bere a woreguare anaa worehohoro w’anim dapɛn biako anaa abien no. Kwati asuguarebea ahorow.
• Di aduruyɛ mu afotu akyi: Bisa wo duruyɛfo bere tenten a ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati sɛ wobɛma nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so na woateɛteɛ w’apɔw mu denneennen.