Eyata nukae nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo sia?
Hafi míaƒo nu tso adrenal glands ŋu la, ele be nànya nu vi aɖe tso nusi lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nye ŋu. Kpuie ko la, enye lãkusi siwo ƒo ƒu ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me. Lãmenugbagbevi siawo wɔa atikewo ƒe dɔla siwo woyɔna be lãmetsiŋusẽwo eye woɖea wo ɖe go tẽe yia ʋukawo me. Bu lãmetsiwo be wonye dɔla sue siwo tsɔa gbedasiwo yia míaƒe ŋutilã me. Gbedasi siawo toa ʋukawo me tsɔ gblɔa míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe akpa vovovowo, abe míaƒe ŋutinuwo, ŋutigbalẽ, kple lãmekawo ene, nusi wòle be míawɔ kple ɣeyiɣi si míawɔe. Lãmetsiŋusẽ siawoe wɔa ɖoɖo ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔ vovovoawo ŋu. Lãmetsi vevi siwo le míaƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me enye:- Hypothalamus ƒe ʋuʋudedi
- Pituitary gland ƒe lãkusi
- Thyroid ƒe lãkusi
- Parathyroid lãkusiwo
- Adrenal ƒe lãkusiwo
- Pineal ƒe lãkusi
- Dɔgbo ƒe dɔléle
- Ovaries (nyɔnu) .
- Testes (ŋutsu) .
Eyata nuka tututue dzɔna ɖe adrenal gland siawo dzi?
Adrenal glands nye lãkusi sue eve siwo ƒe nɔnɔme le abe dzogoe etɔ̃ ene. Wole míaƒe ayikuwo tame. Wole abe kpo suesuesue siwo le míaƒe ayikuwo ŋu ene. Wowɔa lãmetsiŋusẽ vovovo siwo le vevie na míaƒe ŋutilã. Lãmetsiŋusẽ siawo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nu vevi geɖe siwo yia edzi le míaƒe ŋutilã me dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me:- Nu ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ: Aleae míewɔa ŋusẽ tso nuɖuɖu si míeɖuna me kple alesi míewɔa eŋudɔe.
- Dɔlélenutsiŋutete : Dɔléle si kpɔa mía ta tso dɔléle me.
- Ʋu ƒe sisi : MíaƒeƲu ƒe sisi dzi ɖuɖu.
- Alesi wòwɔa nu ɖe nuteɖeamedzi ŋu: Dzadzraɖo ɖe ŋutilã ŋu be wòanɔ te ɖe nuteɖeamedzi nu ne míedo go nuteɖeamedzi, eɖanye le susu me alo ŋutilã me o.
- Gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo ƒe ŋgɔyiyi.
Cortisol - Míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe ‘nuteɖeamedzi lãmetsi’!
Cortisol nye lãmetsiŋusẽ si le lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe hatsotso aɖe si woyɔna be `glucocorticoids' me. Ewɔa dɔ geɖe.- Ekpɔa alesi wozãa ami, protein, kple carbohydrates le míaƒe ŋutilã me dzi.
- Eɖea abi si le ŋutilãa me dzi kpɔtɔna.
- Eɖɔa ʋu ƒe sisi ɖo.
- Enaa sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋu me dzina ɖe edzi.
- Ekpena ɖe mía ŋu hã be míaɖɔ míaƒe alɔ̃dɔdɔ kple nyɔnyrɔ̃ ƒe tsatsam ɖo.
Aldosterone - xɔlɔ̃ si daa ʋu ƒe sisi kple dze!
Aldosterone nye lãmetsi aɖe si le mineral ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si woyɔna be mineralocorticoids me. Eƒe dɔ vevitɔe nye be wòakpɔ ʋu ƒe sisi kple sodium kple potassium (electrolytes) ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le míaƒe ʋu me dzi. Lãmetsi sia kpena ɖe míaƒe ʋu ƒe pH ŋu hã (alesi wònye acid alo alkaline) to elektrikŋusẽ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ʋua me dzi ɖuɖu me.DHEA kple Androgenic Steroids - Kpekpeɖeŋu vi aɖe le gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo ŋu!
Wobua lãmetsi siawo be wonye ŋutsu ƒe lãmetsi siwo gbɔdzɔ. Eyae nye be womekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nugbagbewo dzi ɖedzesi aɖeke o. Wotrɔna zua nyɔnuwo ƒe lãmetsiwo (estrogens) le nyɔnuwo ƒe azigolowo me eye wotrɔna zua ŋutsuwo ƒe lãmetsiwo (androgens) le ŋutsuwo ƒe vidzidɔ me. Zi geɖe la, wobua androgens be enye ŋutsu ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ, gake nyɔnu ƒe ŋutilã hã wɔa agbɔsɔsɔ sue aɖewo le dzɔdzɔme nu.Adrenaline/Epinephrine kple Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine - ‘Aʋawɔwɔ alo Sisi’ Lãmetsiŋusẽwo!
Woyɔa lãmetsi eve siawo be lãmetsi siwo kpɔa gome le " avuwɔwɔ alo sisi" ƒe ŋuɖoɖo me. Wogayɔa wo be catecholamines. Adrenaline kple noradrenaline ate ŋu:- Dzi wò dzi ƒe tsotso kple wò dzi ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe ŋusẽ ɖe edzi.
- Na ʋu si sina yia wò lãmekawo kple ahɔhɔ̃ me nadzi ɖe edzi.
- Kpe asi ɖe sukli ƒe asitɔtrɔ le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu ŋu.
- Esiawo kpena ɖe ame ŋu hã be woaɖu ʋukawo ƒe ʋuʋu (vasoconstriction), si kpena ɖe ame ŋu be ʋu ƒe sisi nanɔ anyi.
Woate ŋu ama lãmetsiŋusẽ siawo ɖe hatsotso eve me, alo?
Ẽ, woate ŋu ama lãmetsiŋusẽ siwo adrenal glands wɔna ɖe hatsotso vevi eve me: 1. Catecholamines: Esiawo nye nusiwo ɖi wo nɔewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si míaƒe ŋutilã ɖena ɖe ʋua me le ŋutilã alo susu me nuteɖeamedzi ta. Catecholamine vevitɔwoe nye dopamine, adrenaline, kple noradrenaline. Adrenal gland ƒe akpa ememetɔ, si nye medulla , wɔa adrenaline kple noradrenaline eye wòɖea wo ɖa. 2. Steroid lãmetsiwo: Esiawo kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòɖua lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi, dɔdzẽ, dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, dze kple tsi ƒe dadasɔ, gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo ƒe tsitsi, kple ŋutete si le esi be wòatsi tre ɖe dɔléle kple abi ŋu. Adrenal gland ƒe gota gome, cortex , wɔa steroid lãmetsi siwo woyɔna be `glucocorticoids`, `mineralocorticoids`, kple adrenal androgens eye wòɖea wo ɖa.Ðe adrenal glands ɖeɖeko wɔa dɔa? Ðe womedo ƒome kple ŋutinu bubuwo oa?
Ao, menye adrenal glands ɖeɖeko wɔa dɔ o. Míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe akpa bubu geɖewo wɔa dɔ aduadu kpli wo. Wo dometɔ vevitɔwoe nye:- Hypothalamus: Esia nye ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe akpa sue aɖe si kpɔa gome le lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me.
- Pituitary gland: Esia hã nye lãkusi sue aɖe si le ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe gɔme, si woyɔna hã be "master gland."
- Ayikuwo.
- Veveseseɖeamenu ƒe lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ.
Bu eŋu kpɔ, esia le abe dɔwɔƒe vovovo siwo le dɔwɔƒe gã aɖe si le dɔ wɔm ɖekae ene. Dɔwɔƒe bubuawo wɔa dɔ le gbedasi si tso dɔwɔƒe ɖeka gbɔ nu. Nusianu dzɔna le mɔ si wɔ ɖeka ŋutɔ nu.
Ðe ame ate ŋu anɔ agbe adrenal glands manɔmeea?
Adrenal glands wɔa lãmetsiŋusẽ siwo le vevie na míaƒe agbetsitsi. Gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe lãmetsiwo kple cortisol ye nye esiwo le vevie wu le esiawo dome. Gake ƒã ŋutɔ la, adrenal gland ƒe nɔnɔme aɖewo ate ŋu abia be woawɔ dɔ na wo (adrenalectomy) be woaɖe adrenal gland eveawo ɖa. Ne edzɔ alea la, ahiã be amewo nano atike atsɔ aɖɔli lãmetsi siwo adrenal glands wɔna le woƒe agbemeŋkekewo katã me.Afikae adrenal glands le? Nukawoe nye woƒe akpa aɖewo?
Abe alesi míegblɔe va yi ene la, adrenal gland eve le ŋuwò. Wole wò ayikuwo tame. Ayikuawo le wò akɔta te, le wò akɔta ƒe akpa eveawo. Ne èbu adrenal gland ŋu la, akpa vevi eve le eŋu:Medulla - akpa si le eme
Esiae nye adrenal gland ƒe akpa si le ŋutilãa ƒe gogloƒe. Afi mae lãmetsi siwo nye adrenaline (epinephrine) kple noradrenaline (norepinephrine) dona le. Lãmetsiŋusẽ siawo kpɔa nuwo abe wò ʋu ƒe sisi, dzi ƒe tsotso, kple fifia dzi. Esiawo nye nuwɔna siwo dzi veveseseɖeamenu ƒe lãmekawo hã kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖo.Cortex - gota gome
Esiae nye adrenal gland ƒe gota gome. Eɖea lãmetsi siwo nye `corticosteroid` kple `mineralocorticoid` ɖe go. Eʋãa ŋutsu ƒe gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe steroid lãmetsiŋusẽ suesuesuewo (`androgenic steroids`) ƒe wɔwɔ hã tso lãkusi sia me. Zi geɖe la, adrenal gland ƒe kɔkɔme anɔ abe sentimeta afã ene eye wòdidi sentimeta etɔ̃. Woƒe nɔnɔme le goglo va ɖo dzogoe etɔ̃ me.Dɔléle kple dɔléle kawoe bɔ siwo gblẽa nu le adrenal glands ŋu?
Nɔnɔme vovovo geɖe li siwo gblẽa nu le adrenal glands ŋu. Esiawo tsoa wò adrenal glands siwo wɔa lãmetsiŋusẽ ɖeka alo esi wu nenema fũ alo ʋɛ akpa gbɔ. Adrenal gland ƒe kuxi aɖewo nɔa anyi ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe, gake bubuwo ya nɔa anyi didi (si fia be wonɔa anyi le woƒe agbemeŋkekewo katã me).Nukawoe ate ŋu anye susu siwo tae wòle alea ɖo?
Nu vovovowo ate ŋu atso adrenal gland ƒe dɔlélewo gbɔ. Wo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:- Domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe tɔtrɔ ( domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe tɔtrɔ) .
- Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔlélewo (si fia be ŋutilãa ŋutɔ ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete dzea eya ŋutɔ ƒe ŋutinuwo dzi) .
- Dɔdzẽ, abe pheochromocytomas ene.
- Nusiwo gblẽ le adrenal glands ŋu le afɔku, dɔlékui, alo ʋu ƒe dodo ta.
- Kuxi aɖe si le wò hypothalamus alo pituitary gland (siwo katã kpena ɖe adrenal glands ŋu wòɖɔa ŋu ɖo) ŋu.
- Steroid-tike aɖewo, abe prednisone kple dexamethasone ene.
Eyata nukawoe nye dɔléle siawo?
Nɔnɔme aɖewo siwo ate ŋu ado ƒome kple adrenal glands lae nye esi:- Addison ƒe dɔléle (si wogayɔna be adrenal insufficiency gbãtɔ):Esia nye dɔléle si mebɔ o si dɔlélenutsiŋutete wɔna si nana be adrenal glands mewɔa cortisol kple aldosterone ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si mede esi sɔ nu o.
- Cushing ƒe dɔléle: Nɔnɔme sia dzɔna ne adrenal glands wɔ cortisol fũ akpa. Zi geɖe la, dɔdzẽ alo atike aɖewo gbɔe esia ate ŋu atso.
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Esia nye nɔnɔme si nɔa anyi le vidzidzi me. Edzɔna ne enzyme si adrenal glands hiã be woatsɔ awɔ lãmetsiŋusẽwo mele ŋutilãa me o.
- Hirsutism: Nɔnɔme sia ƒe dzesi enye taɖa ƒe tsitsi fũ akpa le nyɔnuwo ƒe ŋutilã ŋu. Androgens siwo adrenal glands wɔna ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzi ɖe edzi gbɔe wòtsona.
- Aldosteronism gbãtɔ (Conn ƒe dɔléle): Nɔnɔme sia dzɔna ne adrenal glands wɔ aldosterone fũ akpa.
- Ʋudodo gã aɖe si dona le adrenal me le akpa eve (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome): Esia nye nɔnɔme kpata si me adrenal glandwo doa kpo nu le ʋu si dona le lãkusia me ta. Zi geɖe la, edoa ƒome kple dɔlékui sesẽ aɖe si woyɔna be sepsis.
Nukawoe nye adrenal gland ƒe kuxiwo ƒe dzesi gbãtɔwo?
Adrenal gland ƒe kuxiwo ƒe dzesiwo toa vovo le lãmetsi siwo ŋu wògblẽ nu le nu . Azɔ hã, adrenal gland ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe dzesi geɖe ate ŋu asɔ kple dɔléle bubuwo ƒe dzesiwo. Dzesi aɖewo siwo ate ŋu ado ƒome kple ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ siwo dzi adrenal hormones kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:- Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dzesiwo: Kpekpeme ƒe dzidziɖedzi alo ɖiɖi si womeɖe o , ɖeɖiteameŋu, sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ʋu me ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ alo esi bɔbɔ enuenu , gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ.
- Dzesi siwo do ƒome kple dɔlélenutsiŋutete: Dɔléle alo dɔlékuiwo xɔxɔ enuenu .
- Dzesi siwo do ƒome kple ʋusɔgbɔdɔ: ʋusɔgbɔdɔ (ʋusɔgbɔdɔ) alo ʋusɔgbɔdɔ (ʋusɔgbɔdɔ) .
- Dzesi siwo do ƒome kple gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo (siwo gblẽa nu le nyɔnuviwo kple ŋutsuvi siwo mexɔ ƒewuiwo haɖe o ŋu): mo ƒe fu ƒe tsitsi kple/alo taɖa, aklã, gbe ƒe gogloƒe, lãmekawo ƒe tsitsi.
Aleke mawɔ akpɔ nye adrenal glands ƒe lãmesẽ?
Ne dzesi aɖewo le ŋuwò si fia be ɖewohĩ kuxi aɖe le wò adrenal glands ŋu la, wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu awɔ ʋu kple aɖuɖɔ dodokpɔ geɖe siwo adzidze adrenal hormone vovovowo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ. Ne dodokpɔ mawo me tsonu ɖee fia be agbɔsɔsɔ si mesɔ o la, wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu awɔ nɔnɔmetatawo dodokpɔ , abe CT scan (kɔmpiuta tomography scan) alo MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ene. Wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu aɖo wò ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunyala gbɔ.Woate ŋu aɖo wò ɖe eŋutinunyala bibi aɖe hã gbɔ, ɖɔkta si bi ɖe lãmetsiŋusẽ kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔlélewo me.Ɣekaɣie wòle be makpɔ ɖɔkta tso nye adrenal glands ŋu? (Mlɔetɔ gake menye gblɔetɔ o!)
Enyo, fifia si míeƒo nu tso eŋu la, ele be nàse alesi gbegbe adrenal glands le vevie le míaƒe ŋutilã me gɔme. Eyata ne dzesi siwo míeyɔ va yi dometɔ aɖe le ŋuwò , abe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, alo lolo dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ alo dzidziɖedzi si womenya o ene la, ele be nàkpɔ wò ɖɔkta godoo . Togbɔ be nu bubuwo ate ŋu ahe dzesi siawo vɛ hã la, ate ŋu anye kuxi na wò adrenal glands hã.Ðo ŋku edzi be wò adrenal glands wɔa lãmetsi vevi geɖe siwo hiã vevie na wò gbesiagbe dɔwɔwɔ. Ne adrenal gland ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe dzesiwo le ŋuwò, alo ne èdi be yeanya ne afɔku aɖewo le ye ŋu na adrenal gland ƒe dɔléle aɖe la, mègahe ɖe megbe le nuƒoƒo kple wò ɖɔkta me o. Wole afisia be yewoakpe ɖe ŋuwò.Eyata fifia ènya nu geɖe tso adrenal gland sue siawo siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋu, alo? Nɔ lãmesẽ me!
Adrenal glands, lãmetsiwo, cortisol, adrenaline, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, nuteɖeamedzi, ayiku
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