🧠 Nukae nye Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ƒe dɔléle?

"Ðɔkta, mía viŋutsua mewɔa dɔ ɖeka pɛ hã kple susu ɖeka o. Enɔa ʋuʋum, ƒua du, eye wòti kpo ɣesiaɣi. Nufialawo le suku gblɔ be menɔa anyi kpoo le klass heɖea fu na ɖeviawo o. Ðe esia nye nu gbegblẽ si míeɖo koŋ wɔ le míaƒe akpa dzia, ɖɔkta?" Dilhani, si nye Kavindu si xɔ ƒe 7 dada, va atikewɔƒea eye wògblɔ eƒe dzimaɖitsitsiwo na Ðɔkta Priya.

Ðɔkta Priya na eƒe dzi dze eme eye wòɖe eme blewuu be, "Dilhani, esia menye nusi Kavindu ɖoe koŋ le wɔwɔm o. Le atikewɔwɔ me la, woyɔa nɔnɔme sia be Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Esia nye nɔnɔme si tso ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tɔtrɔ siwo menya kpɔna dzea sii bɔbɔe o le ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple eƒe tsitsi me. Ne wona hehee nyuie le nuwɔna kple atikewɔwɔ ŋuti aɖaŋuɖoɖo me la, nu gbegblẽ wɔwɔ kple susumanɔamesi sia ate ŋu anye bliboe." wokpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe edzi."

Nukae nye susu ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe dɔléle (ADHD), si woate ŋu akpɔ le ɖeviwo kpakple ame tsitsiwo hã ŋu ɣeaɖewoɣi? Le nyati sia me la, míadzro eƒe dzesiwo, eƒe ƒomeviwo, nusiwo gbɔ wòtso, kple alesi woakpɔ ɖeviwo dzii me tsitotsito.

🤔 Nukae nye ADHD?

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) nye ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tsitsi ƒe dɔléle si wokpɔna zi geɖe le ɖevime. Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ siwo vaa ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe akpa siwo kpɔa gome le ɖoɖowɔwɔ, toɖoɖo, kple seselelãmewo dzi ɖuɖu me (ŋgɔgbe ƒe akpa si le ŋgɔgbe) gbɔe wòtsona.

Esesẽna na ɖevi siwo ŋu nɔnɔme sia le be woaɖu woƒe seselelãmewo, tamesusuwo, kple nuwɔnawo dzi (dɔdzikpɔlawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo), si doa kplamatse woƒe gbesiagbe sukudede kple hadomenuwɔnawo.

❓ Aleke gbegbee ADHD bɔe?

Le akɔntabubuwo nu la, ɖevi siwo xɔ tso ƒe 2 - 17 dometɔ siwo ade 7% - 11% xɔ ADHD. Wokpɔnɛ zi gbɔ zi eve le ŋutsuviwo gome wu nyɔnuviwo. Esi wònye be ŋutsuviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũu akpa ƒe dzesiwo dzena nyuie ta la, woate ŋu aɖo wo ɖe ɖɔktawo gbɔ bɔbɔe.

❓ ADHD ƒe hatsotsowo (ADHD Ƒomeviwo) .

Woate ŋu ama ADHD ɖe hatsotso 3 me le dzesi vevi siwo ɖevia ɖena fiana nu:
1. Nuƒoƒo Si Me Womeléa Be Na O Zi Vevietɔ: Le go sia me la, togbɔ be fidgeting la mesɔ gbɔ o hã la, esesẽna ŋutɔ be woalé ŋku ɖe nu ŋu. Togbɔ be woyɔa esia tsã be ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) hã la, fifia wodae ɖe ADHD me.
2. Nuƒoƒo si me wowɔa nu wògbɔa eme le zi geɖe: Le nuƒoƒo sia me la, nuwɔna siwo gbɔ eme abe duƒuƒu, titri, ʋuʋu, kple dzimagbɔɖi ene ye xɔ aƒe ɖe eme tsɔ wu be woalé ŋku ɖe nu ŋu.
3. Nuɖeɖefia si Woƒo Ƒu: Nukpɔkpɔ si bɔ wu (dɔnɔwo ƒe 70% dzena le hatsotso sia me) enye afisi wokpɔa ŋkumaʋumaʋu ƒe dzesiwo kple nuwɔwɔ fũu akpa ƒe dzesiwo siaa sɔsɔe.

🤒 Nukae nye ADHD ƒe dzesiwo?

Be woakpɔ dɔlélea la, ele be dzesi siawo nanɔ anyi ɣleti 6 ya teti tsiã ɖe enu le nɔnɔme eve me le ɖevia ƒe agbe me (e.g., aƒeme kple suku).

#### Numakpɔmakpɔ ƒe Dzesiwo:

• Vodada siwo wowɔna ŋumaɖɔɖotɔe enuenu le sukudɔwo kple gbesiagbedɔwo me.
• Esesẽna be woalé ŋku ɖe nu ŋu ne wole fefem alo le nu srɔ̃m.
• Ðetsɔlememanɔamesi ɖeɖefia le toɖoɖo me ne ame aɖe le nu ƒom tẽ.
• Mɔfiamewo dzi wɔwɔ nyuie kple dɔwo wɔwɔ ɖe game dzi sesẽ.
• Gbesiagbenuwo abe agbalẽwo, fefenuwo, kple pɛnsil ene ŋɔŋlɔ be enuenu kple wo bu.
• Gotagome nudzɔdzɔ suetɔ kekeake gɔ̃ hã ƒe susuhenuwo.

#### Dɔwɔwɔ fũu akpa/Ame ƒe seselelãme ƒe Dzesiwo:

• Afɔwo ƒe ʋuʋu alo woƒe ʋuʋu enuenu ne wobɔbɔ nɔ teƒe ɖeka.
• Tso tso wò zikpui dzi enuenu le klass alo le aƒeme henɔ du dzi le tsatsam.
• Fefe alo ɖiɖiɖeme le dziɖeɖi me sesẽ.
• Nuƒoƒo wògbɔa eme madzudzɔmadzudzɔe.
• Dzimaɖitsitsi be yeaɖo nyabiase aɖe ŋu hafi wòawu enu.
• Dzigbɔɖi be woalala ame ƒe ɣeyiɣi.
• Ame bubuwo ƒe dzeɖoɖo alo fefewo me tsotso.

🤔 Nusiwo hea ADHD vɛ

Togbɔ be womekpɔ nusi tututu gbɔ nɔnɔme sia tso haɖe o hã la, le dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me numekukuwo nu la, nusiwo koŋ gbɔ wòtsonae nye esiawo:

• Domenyiŋusẽfianu: Ne ADHD le ƒomea me la, afɔku si le ɖevia me be wòaxɔe anɔ abe 75% ene.
• Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe tɔtrɔ le ahɔhɔ̃a me: Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dadasɔ, atikewo abe dopamine kple noradrenaline, siwo ɖoa gbedasiwo ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me.
• Nusiwo wògblẽna le fufɔɣi: Vidadaa ƒe sigaret, aha sesẽ, alo atike muamewo zazã le fufɔɣi, alo atikewo (e.g., lifi) zazã fũ akpa.
• Vidzidzi do ŋgɔ na ɣeyiɣi si woɖo nɛ: Vidzĩ si wodzi do ŋgɔ na vidzidzi bliboa alo eƒe kpekpeme le sue ŋutɔ.

> [!DE DZESII].
> Sukli ɖuɖu fũ, TV alo asitelefon kpɔkpɔ fũ, alo vihehe gbegblẽ mehea ADHD vɛ o. Gake woate ŋu ana dzesi siwo li fifia nagado gã ɖe edzi.

🚨 Kuxi siwo nɔa anyi didi siwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa ne woŋe aɖaba ƒu edzi (Red Flags) .

Ne womeda ADHD nyuie o la, ɖevia ate ŋu ado go kuxi siwo gbɔna ne ele tsitsim:

• Sukudede ƒe megbedede kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe malikenyenye.
• Bubudede Ameɖokui Ŋu makpɔmakpɔ kple hadomekadodowo ƒe gbagbã.
• Susu me kuxiwo abe dzimaɖitsitsi kple blanuiléle ene.
• Nuwɔna siwo mele se nu o kple esiwo me afɔku le siwo dona tso dziku si dzi womeɖu o kpata me.
• Atike Vɔ̃ɖiwo Zazã ƒe Dɔléle.

🛠️ Afɔɖeɖe siwo woawɔ be woakpe ɖe ɖevi si ŋu ADHD le ŋu

• Afɔɖeɖe gbãtɔ: Ne ètsi dzi ɖe viwò ƒe nuwɔna ŋu la, yi ɖɔkta gbãtɔ alo ɖeviwo ƒe tagbɔdɔdala gbɔ be woakpɔ dɔlélea nyuie.
• Afɔɖeɖe evelia (ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe ɖoɖowɔɖia ŋu):Lé ɖoɖowɔɖi si woɖo ɖi na nyɔnyrɔ̃, nuɖuɖu, nusɔsrɔ̃, kple alɔ̃dɔdɔ me ɖe asi.
• Afɔɖeɖe Etɔ̃lia (Nuwɔna ƒe Atikewɔwɔ): Abe dzilawo ene la, kafu viwòa enumake ne ewɔ nu nyui aɖe (Positive Reinforcement). Zã "Time-out" mɔnua le dziɖeɖi me eye màdo dziku ne ɖevia wɔ nu gbegblẽ o.
• Afɔɖeɖe Enelia (Sukua ƒe Nɔnɔme Dzadzraɖo): Na klass nufiala si le sukua nanya eye nàɖe afɔ siwo ana ɖevia nanɔ zikpui aɖe si le klass la ƒe ŋgɔgbe eye nàma dɔawo ɖe akpa suewo me.
• Afɔɖeɖe Atɔ̃lia (Atike Zazã Nyuie): Na ɖevi siwo xɔ wu ƒe 6, abe Methylphenidate ene, abe alesi ɖɔkta gblɔe ene.

📊 Atikewɔwɔ ƒe Tiatiawɔblɔɖewo Tsɔtsɔ Sɔ Kple Wo Nɔewo

📖 Dzɔtsoƒewo kple Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me Nyatakakawo

• NHS (UK) Mɔfiame le ADHD ŋu: NHS ƒe susu ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe dɔléle (Wokpɔe le ƒe 2026 me)
• CDC (US) ƒe Dɔnɔdzikpɔƒe ƒe Dɔwɔnu siwo ku ɖe ADHD ŋu: CDC ADHD ƒe Dzesiwo Kple Dɔlélewo Didi (Wokpɔe le ƒe 2026 me)