Ènya nu siawo tso wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ŋua?

Mí katã míegbɔa ya ɣesiaɣi, alo? Gake ɖe nèbu alesi gbɔgbɔ sia gena ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me, alesi wògadoa goe, kple mɔ kawo dzie wòtona le mɔzɔzɔ sia me ŋu nyuie vie kpɔa? Abe alesi mɔwo li na ʋuwo ene la, mɔ tɔxɛ aɖe le míaƒe ŋutilã me na ya si míetsɔna gena ɖe eme hedoa go ake. Mɔ mawo nye esiwo míeyɔna be 'yamemɔwo' alo le Eŋlisigbe me be ``yamemɔwo''. Esiawo nye míaƒe gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ŋutɔ.

Eyata nukawoe nye yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siawo?

Kpuie ko la, wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃woe nye mɔ̃ siwo nana ya gena ɖe wò lãkusiwo me hedona le eme. Bu wo be wonye yameʋudzeƒe siwo yameʋuwo ɖina ɖo hedzona. Mɔ siawoe nye afisi ya si me oxygen sɔ gbɔ ɖo gena ɖe wò lãkusi me, eye woɖea carbon dioxide (CO2), si nye gbeɖuɖɔ si ƒoa ƒu ɖe lãkusi me, doa goe le wò ŋutilã me.

Woma yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siawo ɖe akpa vevi eve me:

1. Yaƒoƒomɔ Siwo Le Etame: Esiawo le wò mo, ta, kple kɔ ŋu. Wole abe aƒe ƒe dzisasrã siwo le etame ene. Wo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• No me ʋuʋudediwo
• Sinus ƒe dowo (`sinus`) .
• Akɔta ƒe akpa si le etame (pharynx) .
• Gbeɖiɖiɖaka (aɖuɖɔtoe) .

Akpa siawoe nye afisi wotsɔa ya tsoa gota gome yia ŋutilãa me le.

2. Yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siwo le ete: Esiawo le wò kɔ kple akɔta ƒe akpa si le anyime. Wodo ƒome kple lãkusiwo tẽ. Esiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Yaƒoƒomɔ̃ (yagbɔgbɔ - míeyɔna hã be aɖuɖɔtoewo ) .
• Main bronchi (`bronchi` - esiawo nye mɔ̃ gã eve siwo ma yagbɔgbɔ ɖe eve me) .
• Yaƒoƒomɔ̃ suewo (`bronchioles` - yaƒoƒomɔ̃ gã mawo siwo doa alɔ ɖe akpa suewo me) .

Subɔsubɔdɔ kae yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo naa mí ŋutɔŋutɔ?

Nu vevitɔe nye be wòanye mɔ si dzi ya ate ŋu ato. Gake, tsɔ kpe ɖe ema ŋu la, yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siawo wɔa dɔ vevi aɖe ŋutɔ.

• Dzoxɔxɔ kple fafa dzi ɖuɖu: Tsɔe be èle gbɔgbɔm le ŋkeke si dzi vuvɔ le wɔwɔm. Menyo ne ya fafɛ ma yi wò lãkusi me tẽ o. Eyata, yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siawo doa dzo na ya ma be wòasɔ kple wò ŋutilã ƒe dzoxɔxɔ. Azɔ hã, ne ya ƒu la, wotsɔa tsi si hiã la kpena ɖe eŋu.

• Mucus ɖeɖeɖa kple ametakpɔkpɔ: Taɖa sue miliɔn geɖe le míaƒe yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo me. Woyɔa esiawo be cilia. Wole abe ʋuʋudedi suewo ene. Le gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe akpa si le etame la, esiawo xea mɔ na nu siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu abe ke kple dɔlékuiwo ene be woagage ɖe eme o. Emegbe, ɖaawo ʋãna yia dzi abe ƒutsotsoe ene eye wotua ʋuʋudedi sia ɖoa ta kɔa gbɔ. Woyɔa nuwɔna sia be mucociliary escalator. Emegbe ne míekɔ alo le aɖuɖɔ tom la, woɖea ʋuʋudedi sia kple nu gbegblẽ mawo doa goe le ŋutilãa me. Togbɔ be adze abe ʋuʋudedi ƒe dodo atraɖii ene hã la, le nyateƒe me la, enye mɔ si dzi míaƒe ŋutilã tona kpɔa eɖokui ta.

• Kpekpeɖeŋu nana le nuƒoƒo kple ʋeʋẽ me: Ènya alesi nèƒoa nua? Ne ègbɔ ya la, ya toa gbeɖiɖika siwo le wò gbeɖiɖiɖaka (larynx) me eye woʋuʋuna, si wɔnɛ be gbeɖiɖi dona. Nenema ke ne ègbɔ ya la, ʋeʋẽ lilili siwo va kpe ɖe ya ŋu la ƒoa lãmeka tɔxɛ aɖe si le wò ŋɔti tame (nusese ƒe lãmeka), eye gbedasi ma yia wò ahɔhɔ̃ me, hegblɔna na wò be, "Ah... ema ʋẽna abe rose ene."

Mina míanya yaƒoƒomɔ̃a ƒe akpa veviwo pɛpɛpɛ.

Míeƒo nu tso nya siwo le etame ŋu vie. Azɔ mina míalé ŋku ɖe alesi mɔ sia dzɔnae ŋu, tso ŋɔti dzi va ɖo yakotoku suesuesue siwo le lãkusia me dzi.

• No me do (le ŋɔti me) .
• Sinus (do siwo le taɖua me ƒo xlã ŋɔti) .
• Pharynx (aɖuɖɔtoe) .
• Larynx (gbe ƒe aɖaka) .
• Trachea (yaƒoƒomɔ̃) .
• Main bronchi (`Bronchi`) (mɔ̃ gã eve siwo ma yagbɔgbɔ) .
• Bronchioles (tube sue siwo ma ɖe akpa suewo me) .

Mlɔeba la, yaƒoƒomɔ̃ sue siawo doa ka kple yakotoku suesuesue (alveoli) siwo le lãkusia me, siwo le abe weintsetsewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ene. Afi mae oxygen kple carbon dioxide ƒe asitɔtrɔ yia edzi le.

Dɔléle kawoe bɔ siwo gblẽa nu le yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ŋu?

Nublanuitɔe la, dɔléle vovovowo li siwo gblẽa nu le nuɖoanyi vevi sia ŋu. Woate ŋu ama wo ɖe hatsotso vevi etɔ̃ me.

1. Nɔnɔme siwo nɔa anyi didi

Esiawo menye dɔléle siwo doa mo ɖa kpata eye woƒe lãme sẽna o, ke boŋ nɔnɔme siwo nɔa anyi ɣeyiɣi didi, ɖewohĩ le woƒe agbemeŋkekewo katã me gɔ̃ hã.

• Asrã: Esia nye nɔnɔme si me yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo vuvuna hetsina, si wɔnɛ be gbɔgbɔ sesẽna. Ame aɖewo senɛ le wo ɖokui me be yewoƒe akɔta tena ne yewoɖe aɖuɖɔ.
• Bronchiectasis: Esia nye esime yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ƒe gliwo gbɔdzɔ eye wovuvu. Esia wɔnɛ be esesẽna be woaɖe ʋuʋudedi ɖa eye ate ŋu ana woaxɔ dɔlékuiwo.
• Aklãdɔléle si xea mɔ na dɔléle si nɔa anyi didi (COPD): Esia nye aklãdɔléle si nɔa anyi didi si dzɔna ɖe atamanolawo dzi zi geɖe. Egblẽa nu le lãkusiwo ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi eye wònana gbɔgbɔ sesẽna.
• Cystic fibrosis: Esia nye domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe dɔléle si me nusiwo dona le ŋutilãa me, vevietɔ ʋuʋudedi, nana yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ƒoa ke eye woxea mɔ nɛ.

2. Yagbɔgbɔ ƒe dɔdzẽ

Ðeko dɔdzẽ nye abi. Yaƒoƒomɔ̃ siawo ate ŋu avuvu le susu vovovowo ta.

• Dɔlékuiwo: Dɔlékui alo dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlékuiwo abe dzamezã, dzamezã, aklãdɔ, kple COVID-19 ate ŋu ana yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo navuvu.
• Nulɔdɔ: Nusiwo ŋu nulɔdɔwo le abe ke, aŋɔ, kple nuɖuɖu aɖewo ene hã ate ŋu ana yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo navuvu.

Dɔlélea ƒe ŋkɔ toa vovo le afisi abi sia le nu:

• Ne yaƒoƒomɔ̃ veviwo xɔ abi: Aɖuɖɔtoedɔ
• Ne yaƒoƒomɔ̃ sueawo vuvu (zi geɖe le ɖevi suewo gome): Bronchiolitis
• Ne sinus ƒe dowo vuvu la: Sinusitis

3. Yaƒoƒomɔ̃ ƒe xexe (Blockages) .

Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, nane ate ŋu axe yaƒoƒomɔ̃awo.

• Dutanuwo: Vevietɔ ɖevi suewo, fefenuwo, nukuwo, kple nuɖuɖuwo abe peas ene ƒe kakɛwo gena ɖe woƒe ŋɔti kple ŋɔti me bɔbɔe.
• Tsitsi siwo me dɔlékui aɖeke mele o: Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, tsitsi siwo menye kansa o ate ŋu adzɔ ɖe yaƒoƒomɔ̃awo me eye woaxe mɔa.
• Kansa ƒe dɔdzẽ: Nuwo abe lãkusi me dɔdzẽ ene hã ate ŋu axe yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo.
• Yaƒoƒomɔ̃a ƒe ʋuʋu (`Stenosis`): Le susu aɖewo ta la, yaƒoƒomɔ̃a ƒe akpa aɖe ate ŋu axe eye wòaxe.
• Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): Esiae nye nɔnɔme si ame geɖe yɔna be "aɖuɖɔtoe." Lãmetsi falɛfalɛ si le ŋɔti ƒe megbe la mu ne wole alɔ̃ dɔm, si xea mɔ na yaƒoƒomɔ̃a.

Nukawoe nye gbɔgbɔmedɔlélewo ƒe dzesi siwo bɔ?

Ne dzesi siawo le ŋuwò la, ate ŋu atso gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe kuxi aɖe gbɔ:

• No me ʋuʋu, ŋɔti me tsi si le dodom.
• Gbeɖiɖi siwo mesɔ o ne wole gbɔgbɔm. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, gbeɖiɖi si le ʋuʋum (`wheezing`) alo gbeɖiɖi sesẽ aɖe (`stridor`) ate ŋu anɔ anyi .
• Yagbɔgbɔ sesẽ (gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe) – gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe kple akɔta ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe seselelãme ne èle atrakpui ʋɛ aɖewo liam gɔ̃ hã.
• Alɔ̃dɔdɔ fũu akpa le ŋkeke me (vevietɔ le amesiwo ŋu OSA le gome).
• Kɔdzidede enuenu, ɣeaɖewoɣi kple ʋuʋudedi.

Vevietɔ: Ne dzesi siawo tɔgbe le ŋuwò la, anyo wu be nàyi ɖɔkta gbɔ godoo eye nàdi aɖaŋuɖoɖo.

Dodokpɔ kawoe ɖɔktawo wɔna tsɔ dea dzesi dɔléle siawo?

Ðɔktaa ate ŋu aɖe gbe be woawɔ dodokpɔ vovovowo le wò dzesiwo nu:

• Endoscopy: Dɔwɔwɔ si me wozãa mɔ̃ tsɛ aɖe (scope) si ŋu wotsɔ fotoɖemɔ̃ kpe ɖo tsɔ léa ŋku ɖe yaƒoƒomɔ̃awo me. Ne ekpɔ to ŋɔti me la, woyɔnɛ be ŋɔti me nukpɔkpɔ, eye ne elé ŋku ɖe yagbɔgbɔ kple aɖuɖɔtoe me la, woyɔnɛ be aɖuɖɔtoeme.
• Aklã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dodokpɔ: Esiawo nye dodokpɔ siwo dzidzea nuwo abe alesi nègbɔa ya nyuie kple wò aklã ƒe ŋutete ene.
• Pulse oximetry: Dodokpɔ bɔbɔe aɖe si wotsɔ dzidzea oxygen ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋua me to nu sue aɖe dada ɖe asibidɛa dzi me.
• Akɔta ƒe X-ray kple CT scan: Esiawo ate ŋu aɖe yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo kple lãkusiwo ƒe nɔnɔmetata siwo me kɔ nyuie atsɔ ade dzesi kuxiwo.
• Alɔ̃dɔdɔ ŋuti numekukuwo: Wowɔa dodokpɔ siawo be woatsɔ anya ne alɔ̃dɔdɔ ƒe gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe (OSA) le ŋuwò.

Nukawoe nye gbɔgbɔmedɔlélewo dada?

Atikewɔwɔ ƒe mɔnuwo toa vovo le dɔlélea kple eƒe sesẽ nu.

• Atike ƒomeviwo:
• Ðe abi dzi kpɔtɔ eye nàʋu yaƒoƒomɔwo: Zi geɖe la, wowɔa esia kple `(inhalers)` (e.g. `inhaled corticosteroids`, `bronchodilators`).
• Le dɔlékuiwo gome: Wonaa atikewo abe ``antivirals`` na dɔlékui ƒe dɔlékuiwo, ``antibiotics`` na dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlélewo, kple ``antifungals`` na fungal infections.
• Be woakpɔ abi si nulɔdɔ hena vɛ dzi la, atikewo abe ``Antihistamines`` kple ``Leukotriene modifiers`` li.

• Ne yaƒoƒomɔ̃a xe alo mète ŋu le gbɔgbɔm o:
• Amekoko: Ne nane si le abe dɔdzẽ ene xe mɔa la, ahiã be woaɖee ɖa to amekoko me.
• Intubation: Ne gbɔgbɔ sesẽ ŋutɔ la, wotsɔa tube (endotracheal tube) dea nu me alo ŋɔti me, eye ɣeaɖewoɣi la, wozãa mɔ̃ (mechanical ventilation / ventilator) tsɔ naa gbɔgbɔ.
• Tracheostomy (alo tracheotomy): Dɔwɔwɔ si me woɖea ʋuƒo sue aɖe le kɔa ƒe ŋgɔgbe yia yaƒoƒomɔ̃ (yagbɔgbɔ) me be woate ŋu agbɔ ya. Esia ate ŋu anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe alo anɔ anyi ɖaa.

• Le amesiwo ŋu alɔ̃dɔdɔ ƒe gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe (OSA) le gome la: Wozãa mɔ̃ aɖe si woyɔna be CPAP mɔ̃ le zã me ne èle alɔ̃ dɔm. Esia zãa ya ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu be wò yaƒoƒomɔ̃a nanɔ ʋuʋu ɖi.

Aleke mawɔ ana nye yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo nanɔ lãmesẽ me?

Wogblɔ be: "Mɔxexe ɖe enu nyo wu edada." Eyata, nu geɖe li míate ŋu awɔ be míaƒe gbɔgbɔtsixe nanɔ lãmesẽ me.

• Ƒo asa na atamanono kple vaping: Esiae nye nu vevitɔ kekeake. Atike siwo le sigaret kple yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo me ate ŋu agblẽ nu le yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo kple lãkusiwo ŋu vevie. Ne gbɔgbɔmekuxiwo le ŋuwò xoxo la, atamanono ate ŋu ana wòagagblẽ ɖe edzi.
• Ƒo asa na dzudzɔ kple ya siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu: Ƒo asa na nuwo abe dzudzɔ si wozãna tsã, atikewo ƒe dzudzɔ, ʋu ƒe ya si dona, kple radon (ya si me keklẽŋusẽ le si hea kansa vɛ) gbɔgbɔ. Ne wò dɔ alo modzakaɖeɖea na ke alo dzudzɔ doa go wò la, kpɔ egbɔ be yedo ametakpɔnu.
• No tsi geɖe: Ne èno tsi si sɔ le ŋkekea me katã la, ekpena ɖe ame ŋu be ʋuʋudedi si le gbɔgbɔtsixe me la naɖiɖi eye wòkpena ɖe eŋu wòdona le ŋutilãa me bɔbɔe.
• Takpɔ ɖokuiwò tso dɔlékuiwo me: Klɔ asi enuenu kple adzalẽ kple tsi. Tsɔ lãkusi tsyɔ wò nu kple ŋɔti dzi ne èle aɖuɖɔ tom alo le akɔta ƒom. Na atike ɖesiaɖe si hiã abe alesi wò ɖɔkta gblɔe ene.
• Yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo Klɔ kamedede: Esesẽna na ame aɖewo, vevietɔ amesiwo ŋu dɔlélewo abe COPD alo Bronchiectasis ene le, be woaɖe ʋuʋudedi ɖa. Mɔnu tɔxɛ aɖewo li na wo, abe huff cough kple akɔta ƒe kamedede ene. Bia wò ɖɔkta tso nusiawo ŋu.

Gbedasi Mamlɛtɔ si Wotsɔ Yi Aƒeme

Ðewohĩ èse egɔme fifia be menye mɔ̃ suesuesuewo koe míaƒe yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo, alo yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃wo nye o. Subɔsubɔdɔ ka gbegbee nye si wowɔna na míaƒe ŋutilã! Esi míenya o la, wokpɔa míaƒe ŋutilã ta tso dɔlékuiwo si me, wokpena ɖe mía ŋu míeƒoa nu, eye wokpena ɖe mía ŋu míesea seƒoƒo dzeaniwo ƒe ʋeʋẽ.

Eyata, ele vevie ŋutɔ be mí katã míalé be na nuɖoanyi xɔasi sia tɔgbe. Nu nyuitɔ siwo míate ŋu awɔe nye be míaƒo asa na atamanono keŋkeŋ, míaƒo asa na dzudzɔ si gblẽa nu le ame ŋu gbɔgbɔ, no tsi geɖe, eye míaɖe afɔ siwo hiã atsɔ akpɔ mía ɖokui ta tso dɔlélewo me . Lé be na wò gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe lãmesẽ!

` Yagbɔgbɔ, Yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo, gbɔgbɔ, lãkusi, ʋuʋudedi, asrã, gbɔgbɔmedɔlélewo