Nukae nye "Ŋkuagbãtɔ le Se nu"? Mina míaƒo nu tso esia ŋu bɔbɔe!

Anɔ eme be èse nyagbɔgblɔ "Ŋkuagbãtɔ le Se nu." Gake ɖewohĩ èle eŋu bum be, "Ðe ema fia be màte ŋu akpɔ nu kura oa? Alo ɖe wòfia nu bubu aɖea?" Esia nye nusi hiã numekɔkɔ aɖewo. Elabena menye atikewɔwɔ me nya si ɖɔktawo zãna zi geɖe o. Eyata mina míaƒo nu tso eŋu tsitotsito, alo?

Nuka tututue "Legally Blind" fia?

Kpuie ko la, "Legally Blind" nye se kple dɔdzikpɔkpɔ ƒe nya si wozãna na ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie vevie. Menye atikewɔnya si wozãna tsɔ ɖɔa dɔléle aɖee wònye o. Ke boŋ dɔwɔƒewo abe dziɖuɖudɔwɔƒewo ene zãnɛ tsɔ nyaa amesi dze na ɖoɖo kple viɖe vovovo siwo ku ɖe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe bublu ŋu. Eyae nye be ne ame aɖe ƒe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋutete, alo nukpɔkpɔ ƒe ŋutete sɔ kple dzidzenu siawo alo le ʋɛ wu wo la, wobua ame ma be enye "ŋkuagbãtɔ le se nu."

Bu eŋu kpɔ ale, ame aɖewo mete ŋu kpɔa nu nyuie kple ŋkumeɖobolo gɔ̃ hã o. Le nɔnɔme mawo me la, dziɖuɖua ate ŋu adzidze alesi woƒe nukpɔkpɔ mede ame dzi o eye wòana gbɔdzɔe aɖe. Nu sia "le se nu ŋkuagbãtɔ" le nenema.

Vovototo kae le ŋkumaʋumaʋu blibo kple "ŋkuʋuʋu le se nu" dome?

Ne míegblɔ be "ŋkuagbã" la, ame akpa gãtɔ bua nɔnɔme aɖe si me womate ŋu akpɔ naneke o, nusianu nye yibɔ dzẽ. Ðɔktawo yɔa esia be "Kekeli ƒe Nukpɔsusu aɖeke Mele O" (NLP) . Ema fia be womate ŋu akpɔ kekeli sue aɖe gɔ̃ hã o. Gake menye amesiame si nye ŋkunɔwoe dzena le hatsotso sia me o. Le nyateƒe me la, amesiwo ŋu ŋkudɔ le ƒe 15% koe nye ŋkunɔwo keŋkeŋ. 85% mamlɛawo ƒe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe seƒe aɖe le wo si. Ema fia be woate ŋu axlẽ nuŋɔŋlɔ gãwo ɣeaɖewoɣi, ade dzesi nu gãwo, alo ade vovototo kekeli kple viviti dome.

"Ŋkuagbãtɔ le se nu" fia be ame ƒe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe seƒe aɖe le esi, gake mesɔ gbɔ be wòaxɔ gbɔdzɔe tso se me o.

Aleke wokpɔa "ŋkuagbãtɔ le se nu"? (Amerikatɔwo ƒe kpɔɖeŋu)

Mɔ si dzi woato anya "ŋkuagbãtɔ si le se nu" sia ate ŋu ato vovo vie tso dukɔ ɖeka me yi bubu me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, mina míalé ŋku ɖe alesi wowɔe le United States ŋu. Le afima la, Hadomegbenɔnɔ Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (SSA) ye nye dziɖuɖudɔwɔƒe si ɖoa ɖoɖoawo. Wozãa gɔmesese aɖe si Amerika Atikewɔlawo ƒe Habɔbɔ to vɛ le ƒe 1934 me.

Le gɔmesese ma nu la, hafi ame aɖe nanye "ŋkuagbãtɔ le se nu" la, ele be nusiwo gbɔna dometɔ ɖeka ya teti nanye nyateƒe:

• Ne èdo ŋkumeɖonu alo ŋkumeɖonu gɔ̃ hã la, ele be wò ŋku si nyo wu la ƒe nukpɔkpɔ nanye 20/200 alo esi vɔ̃ɖi wu. Esia fia nukpɔkpɔ si le wò nukpɔkpɔ ƒe titina. Ne wò ŋku ɖeka nyo wu evelia la, wodzidzenɛ le ŋku si nyo wu la me.
• Mele be wò nukpɔkpɔ ƒe akpaa nakeke wu dzidzenu 20 o.Ema fia be ele be afisi nàte ŋu akpɔe le la nanɔ kpuie ŋutɔ. Le afisia hã la, ne ŋku ɖeka ƒe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe akpa keke wu evelia la, wodzidzea nua tso ŋku ma si nyo wu la me.

Vevietɔ: Esia nye gɔmesese si tso United States. Gɔmesese alo mɔnu vovovowo ate ŋu anɔ Sri Lanka alo dukɔ bubuwo me. Gake susu vevitɔa ɖi wo nɔewo ŋutɔ - si fia be ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ ɖedzesi aɖe.

Nukae nye ŋutega 20/200? Mina míase egɔme bɔbɔe

Ne míedo míaƒe ŋkuwo kpɔ la, ɖɔktawo naa xexlẽdzesi eve mí, le kpɔɖeŋu me, 20/20, 20/40, 20/200. Nukae esia fia?

Zi geɖe la, wobua nukpɔkpɔ 20/20 be enye nukpɔkpɔ si le lãmesẽ me, si sɔ.

Azɔ mina míakpɔ nusi 20/200 fia ɖa:

• Xexlẽdzesi gbãtɔ (20) nye afisi nèle nane kpɔm le didiƒe (le afɔ me).
• Xexlẽdzesi evelia (200) nye alesi gbegbe ame si ƒe ŋkuwo kpɔa nu nyuie ate ŋu akpɔ nu ma ke nyuie.

Kpuie ko la, ahiã be amesi ƒe ŋkuwo kpɔa nu 20/200 nate ɖe eŋu abe afɔ 20 ene hafi akpɔ nane si amesi ƒe ŋkuwo kpɔa nu nyuie 20/20 ate ŋu akpɔ nyuie tso adzɔge afɔ 200. Ne menye nenema o la, ahiã be nusi wotsɔ wɔe la lolo wu zi gbɔ zi ewo hafi woate ŋu akpɔe nyuie le didiƒe ma.

Bu eŋu kpɔ, ne èle zɔzɔm le mɔa dzi eye ame dzɔdzɔe aɖe te ŋu xlẽ bɔs ƒe xexlẽdzesi tso afisi didi afɔ 200 la, ele be wò, amesi si nukpɔkpɔ 20/200 le la, nalala vaseɖe esime nàdidi tso bɔs gbɔ abe afɔ 20 ene hafi axlẽe. Èse egɔmea?

• Ne xexlẽme evelia le sue (e.g. 20/15) la, efia be wò ŋku nyo wu mamã dedie.
• Ne xexlẽme evelia lolo (e.g. 20/200) la, efia be wò ŋkumekpɔkpɔ gbɔdzɔ wu mamã dedie.

Aleke dukɔ bubuwo le xexeame bua nɔnɔme siae?

Togbɔ be "ŋkuagbãtɔwo le se nu" ƒe dzidzenu le United States nye 20/200 hã la, dukɔ aɖewo zãa nya bubuwo alo ɖea ŋkumaʋumaʋu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si nu sẽ wu gɔ̃ hã gɔme.

Le kpɔɖeŋu me, United Kingdom (UK) zãa metrik-mɔ̃a. Le afima la, wobua nukpɔkpɔ si nye 6/60 (si sɔ kple 20/200 teti) be enye "nukpɔkpɔ ƒe kuxi (si ƒe akpa aɖe mekpɔa nu)" . Woƒe dzidzenu nye 6/150 (si sɔ kple afɔ 20/500 kloe) eye woyɔnɛ be “nukpɔkpɔ ƒe kuxi sesẽ (ŋkuagbãtɔ) .”

Azɔ hã, dukɔ geɖe siwo le xexeame katã ɖoa ŋu ɖe Xexeame ƒe Lãmesẽ Habɔbɔ (WHO) ƒe Dukɔwo Dome Dɔlélewo ƒe Ðoɖowɔɖi (ICD) ŋu hena woƒe gɔmesese siwo le se nu. ICD ƒe tata 11 lia yeyetɔ ƒo nukpɔkpɔ ƒe kuxiwo nu ƒu ɖe hatsotso etɔ̃ me, si me hatsotso etɔ̃ le na "ŋkuʋuʋu."

ICD la da ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie kple ŋkumaʋumaʋu ɖe hatsotsowo me le dzidzenu siwo gbɔna nu:

• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie fafɛ: Nukpɔkpɔ le ŋku nyuitɔ kekeake me, si ŋu ŋkumeɖonu le, mede 6/12 o gake esɔ kple 6/18 alo nyo wu.
• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ si sɔ:Le ŋku nyuitɔ gome la, ŋkumekpɔnu si wotsɔ ŋkumekpɔnu kpɔa nu mede 6/18 o gake esɔ kple 6/60 alo nyo wu.
• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ sesẽ: Nukpɔkpɔ le ŋku nyuitɔ kekeake me, si ŋu ŋkumeɖonu le, mede 6/60 o gake esɔ kple 3/60 alo nyo wu (alo kekeli mekpɔa nu nyuie o). (Zi geɖe la, esia sɔ kple "ŋkuʋuʋu le se nu").
• Ŋkuʋuʋu: Nukpɔkpɔ le ŋku nyuitɔ kekeake, si me ŋkumeɖonu le, mede 3/60 o, alo nukpɔkpɔ ƒe akpa si mede dzidzenu 10 o. (Amewo ƒe hatsotso sue bubuwo le esia hã me).

Aleke gbegbee "se ƒe ŋkumaʋumaʋu" bɔe?

"Ŋkuagbãtɔ le se nu" menye nɔnɔme si bɔ o. Gake eŋutinunyalawo le mɔ kpɔm be amesiwo ŋu dɔlélea le ƒe xexlẽme adzi ɖe edzi kabakaba le ƒe bla nane siwo gbɔna me. Numekuku aɖe si wowɔ le ƒe 2016 me bu akɔnta be ame miliɔn ɖeka kple edzivɔ vie le United States ɖoa ŋkuléleɖenuŋu ƒe dzidzenu 20/200 gbɔ. Numekuku ma ke bu akɔnta hã be xexlẽme sia adzi ɖe edzi zi gbɔ zi eve le ƒe 2050 me.

Esia ateŋu atso ŋkudɔ siwo dzɔna ne ame tsitsi (e.g., ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu, ŋkudɔ, ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie si tso tsitsi gbɔ) kple ŋkuwo ƒe gbegblẽ si dzina ɖe edzi le dɔlélewo abe suklidɔ ene ta.

Aleke mawɔ axɔ ɖaseɖigbalẽ ɖe "se ƒe ŋkumaʋumaʋu" sia ta? (Dɔwɔwɔ si sɔ) .

Alesi woaxɔ ɖaseɖigbalẽ na nɔnɔme sia ƒomevi ate ŋu ato vovo tso dukɔ ɖesiaɖe me. Le United States la, Hadomegbenɔnɔ Ŋuti Dedienɔnɔ Dɔwɔƒe (SSA) ye nye dɔwɔƒe vevitɔ si ɖoa nusiwo woatsɔ awɔ esiae.

Le goawo katã me la, nusiwo nàte ŋu akpɔ be ele vevie be yeanya ne ehiã be nàxɔ ɖaseɖigbalẽ abe esia ene la dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Dɔwɔƒewo ate ŋu abia wò atikewɔwɔ ŋuti nuŋlɔɖiwo: Togbɔ be ahiã be nàna kpeɖodziwo atsɔ aɖo kpe edzi be "ŋkuagbãtɔe nènye le se nu" hã la, dɔwɔƒewo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàƒo kpeɖodzi mawo nu ƒu ne ehiã. Woate ŋu abia nuŋlɔɖiwo tso wò ŋkudɔdala alo lãmesẽdɔwɔla bubuwo gbɔ. Gake wohiã wò mɔɖeɖe hafi woate ŋu awɔe.
• Wò ɖɔktae nye nyatakakatsoƒe vevitɔ: gake ne ɖeke mele asiwò o, alo ne wò ɖɔkta mete ŋu ɖo dodokpɔ ƒe nudidiwo gbɔ o le susu bubu aɖe ta la, dɔwɔƒea ate ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo ɖe aɖaŋuɖoɖo ƒe dodokpɔ ŋu be woakpɔe ɖa be èɖo "ŋkuʋuʋu le se nu" ƒe dzidzenuwo gbɔ hã.
• Àte ŋu adze na ɖaseɖigbalẽa kokoko ne wò ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie menye nusi anɔ anyi ɖaa o hã: Ne wò ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie nye ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ƒe dɔ alo woate ŋu atrɔe hã la, ɖewohĩ manye mɔxenu na viɖe mawo xɔxɔ o. Enɔ te ɖe dukɔ si ŋu nya ku ɖo ƒe sewo kple ɖoɖowo dzi.

Le Sri Lanka la, àte ŋu axɔ nyatakaka siwo ku ɖe kpekpeɖeŋunana kple kpekpeɖeŋu xɔxɔ ɖe nɔnɔme mawo ta ŋu tso dɔwɔƒewo abe Hadomegbenɔnɔ Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe ene gbɔ . Azɔ hã, wò ŋkudɔdala ate ŋu ana mɔfiame le esia ŋu.

Viɖe kawoe li ne ènye "ŋkuagbãtɔ le se nu"?

Ne wonya ɖo kpe edzi be "ŋkutɔ le se nu" ko la, àte ŋu adze na viɖe kple dɔwɔna vovovowo le dukɔ vovovowo me. Mina míalé ŋku ɖe dziɖuɖua ƒe viɖe aɖewo siwo li le United States ŋu abe kpɔɖeŋu ene:

• Ɣleti sia ɣleti ƒe Hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe Dedienɔnɔ Nuwɔametɔwo ƒe Nugblẽfexeɖoɖo (SSDI) ƒe fexexe.
• Ɣleti sia ɣleti ƒe Dedienɔnɔ ƒe Gakpɔkpɔ Kpekpeɖeŋu (SSI) ƒe fexexe (esiawo ate ŋu ato vovo tso dukɔ ɖeka me yi bubu me).
• Nugblẽfexeɖoɖo to Medicare dzi (ne mèxɔ ƒe 65 kple edzivɔ o gɔ̃ hã).

Esiawo nye kpɔɖeŋu siwo tso United States ko. Kpekpeɖeŋu ƒomevi vovovowo ate ŋu anɔ Sri Lanka alo dukɔ bubuwo me. Esiawo ate ŋu anye gakpekpeɖeŋu, sukudede ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu, dzeƒe tɔxɛwo na dɔwɔɖui ƒe mɔnukpɔkpɔwo, mɔzɔzɔ ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu, kple kpekpeɖeŋunamɔ̃wo (e.g., atizɔti ɣiwo, kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo tɔxɛwo).

Ne èdi be yeanya nu geɖe tso esia ŋu la, àte ŋu abia wò ŋkudɔdala, lãmesẽdɔwɔlawo, alo dziɖuɖudɔwɔƒe siwo sɔ (e.g., Hadomegbenɔnɔ Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe).

Vevietɔ wu: Gbedasi si wòle be míatsɔ ade dzime

Mlɔeba la, nya lae nye esi. "Legally blind" menye dzeside si ɖea wò gɔme o. Enye dziɖuɖu ƒe ɖoƒe si kpena ɖe ŋuwò nèkpɔa viɖewo kple dɔwɔna siwo ku ɖe ŋkumaʋumaʋu ŋu ko. Dziɖuɖudɔwɔƒewo zãa nya sia tsɔ ɖea dzidzenu tɔxɛ siwo dzi wòle be nàɖo hafi adze na viɖe kple dɔwɔna aɖewo.

Ne wò ŋutɔ alo ame aɖe si nènya la mekpɔa nu nyuie o la, mègatsi dzodzodzoe o. Kpɔ ŋkuŋutinunyala gbɔ hena aɖaŋuɖoɖo. Woate ŋu agblɔ nusi tututu wò nɔnɔmea nye, atikewɔmɔnu siwo li, kple alesi nàwɔ abia viɖe mawo ne ehiã. Ðo ŋku edzi be metsi megbe gbeɖe be nàbia kpekpeɖeŋu o.

` Se ƒe ŋkumaʋumaʋu, ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, ŋku ƒe lãmesẽ, 20/200 nukpɔkpɔ, hadome dedienɔnɔ ƒe viɖewo, nukpɔkpɔ ƒe akpa