Mina míasrɔ̃ nu geɖe tso wò ayiku ƒe "ayiku ƒe lãkusi" ŋu.

Mí katã míenya nu tso ayiku ŋu, alo? Ŋutinu sue eve siawo siwo ɖea gbeɖuɖɔ siwo le ŋutilãa me hema wo dome heɖea wo doa goe abe aɖuɖɔ ene la, ènya alesi gbegbe wowɔa nu geɖe wu ŋutɔŋutɔa? Ayiku siwo wɔa dɔ gã aɖe le ɖoɖoezizi me be míaƒe ŋutilã nada asɔ la le abe nusi kɔa ame ŋu ŋutɔ le míaƒe ŋutilã me ene. Egbea míele nu ƒom tso ayiku siawo ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ŋutɔ ŋu, si nye ‘shell’ alo Renal Cortex, si nye ayiku ƒe akpa si le gota wu. Ðewohĩ ŋkɔ sia nye nu yeye na wò, gake awɔ nuku na wò ne èse nu tso akpa sia ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu!

Kpuie ko la, nukae nye Ayiku ƒe Dɔwɔnu sia?

Bu ayiku be enye atikutsetse. Woyɔa akpa si ɖi atikutsetsea ƒe gotagome ŋutigbalẽ be ayiku ƒe lãkusi . Esiae nye ayiku ƒe akpa si le gota wu. Ðɔktawo hã yɔnɛ be ‘ayiku ƒe lãkusi’. Woyɔa ayiku ƒe titina si le Cortex sia me be Medulla . Eyata Cortex sia ƒo xlã Medulla eye wòkpɔa eta. Le gota gome la, ametakpɔnu sesẽ bubu si woyɔna be Renal Capsule , tsyɔ ayiku sia katã dzi.

Nu vevitɔ kekeake si le ayikuawo mee nye ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔlékuiwo. Míeyɔa esiawo be nephrons . Ènyaa, ayiku siawo dometɔ siwo ade miliɔn ɖeka le ayiku ɖeka mea! Nephrons siawo dzea egɔme tso Renal Cortex gbɔ. Woyɔa nusi koŋ tsia aɖuɖɔtoe me be Glomerulus . Esia kɔa ʋua eye gbeɖuɖɔ siwo womedi o la toa ʋukaawo me. Le Cortex me la, ʋuka siawo le tsatsam ŋutɔ. Gake ne woɖo Medulla la, wozua ʋuƒo dzɔdzɔewo.

Dɔ vevi kawoe ayiku kple ayiku ƒe lãkusi wɔna?

Menye ŋutinu si wɔa aɖuɖɔ koe ayiku nye o. Wowɔa dɔ vevi geɖe ŋutɔ siwo nana míaƒe ŋutilã bliboa da sɔ. Ayiku ƒe lãkusi wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le nusiawo katã me.

• Dze kple tsi ƒe dadasɔ dzi ɖuɖu: Ayikuwo kpena ɖe mía ŋu míeléa elektrikŋusẽ , abe sodium kple potassium ene, kpakple tsi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me.
• Ʋu ƒe sisi dzi ɖuɖu: Ayikuwo hã hiã vevie na ʋu ƒe sisi dzi ɖuɖu, elabena wokpɔa tsi kple dze agbɔsɔsɔme si le ŋutilãa me dzi.
• Ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo wɔwɔ: Ayikuwoe wɔa lãmetsi aɖe (Erythropoietin) si kpena ɖe ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo wɔwɔ ŋu.
• Acid-base ƒe dadasɔ: Dɔ bubu si ayiku wɔnae nye be wòana acid kple base ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ nanɔ míaƒe ʋu me.
• Vitamin D wɔwɔ: Ayiku kple aklã wɔa dɔ ɖekae trɔa vitamin D si míeɖuna wòzua nɔnɔme si ŋutilã ate ŋu azã.
• Calcium kple phosphate ƒe dadasɔ: Ayikuwo kpena ɖe ame ŋu hã be woaɖu calcium kple phosphate ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le vevie na ƒu sesẽwo dzi.
• Glucose wɔwɔ: Sukli (glucose) si míaƒe ŋutilã hiã la ƒe akpa gãtɔ tso aklã me, gake ayiku hãe wɔa eƒe akpa sue aɖe. Woyɔa esia be sukli ƒe dzɔdzɔ .

Dɔléle kple nɔnɔme kawoe bɔ siwo gblẽa nu le ayiku ƒe lãkusi ŋu?

Nublanuitɔe la, nɔnɔme geɖewo li siwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le míaƒe ayikuwo ŋu, eye vevietɔ ayiku ƒe lãkusi. Na míalé ŋku ɖe wo dometɔ ʋɛ aɖewo ŋu.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe esia ŋu la, nɔnɔme sesẽ bubu geɖewo hã li siwo gblẽa nu le ayikuwo ŋu.

• Acidosis: Ne ayikuwo mele dɔ wɔm nyuie o la, ʋua va zua acid. Esia ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me ne womewɔ atike nɛ o.
• Ayikudɔ: Suklidɔ (Diabetic Nephropathy) kple ʋusɔgbɔdɔ (Hypertensive Nephropathy) ƒe ayiku ƒe gbegblẽ.
• Glomerular Diseases: Ne nusiwo tsia ayiku me (glomeruli) gblẽ alo vuvu hã ate ŋu ana ayiku nawɔ dɔ nyuie o.
• Proteinuria kple Nephrotic Syndrome: Proteinuria nye protein ƒe dodo fũu akpa le aɖuɖɔ me. Esia nye ayiku ƒe gbegblẽ ƒe dzesi. Ne protein geɖe do goe la, ate ŋu anye nɔnɔme aɖe si woyɔna be Nephrotic Syndrome.
• Uremia: Nɔnɔme si me aɖi siwo wòle be ayiku naɖe ɖa la ƒoa ƒu ɖe ʋua me le esi teƒe be woaɖe wo ɖa le ŋutilãa me. Esia hã nye nɔnɔme si me afɔku le ŋutɔ.

Nukawoe nye ayikudɔléle ƒe dzesi siwo bɔ?

Nusi me afɔku le wu le ayikudɔ geɖe ŋue nye be womeɖea dzesi siwo dze ƒã fiana le woƒe gɔmedzedze o . Ne dɔlélea de ŋgɔ vie ko hafi dzesi siawo dzea egɔme.

Dodokpɔ kawoe wowɔna tsɔ léa ŋku ɖe ayikuawo ƒe lãmesẽ ŋu?

Ne wò ɖɔkta susui be ayiku le dɔ wɔm la, ate ŋu aɖe gbe be woawɔ dodokpɔ geɖe atsɔ aɖo kpe edzi.

• Nɔnɔmetatawo Dodokpɔwo (X-ray, CT scan, MRI, Ultrasound): Dodokpɔ siawo ate ŋu alé ŋku ɖe mɔxenu alo nusiwo mesɔ o ɖesiaɖe si le ayikuawo me ƒe nɔnɔme, woƒe lolome, kple woƒe anyinɔnɔ ŋu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne ayiku ƒe lãkusi ƒe titrime dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ la, woate ŋu asusui be ayikua gblẽ.
• Ʋudodokpɔ: Esiawo ate ŋu adzidze alesi ayikuawo ƒe glomeruli le ʋu ƒom nyuie. Serum Creatinine ye nye dodokpɔ si bɔ wu.
• Ayiku me Dzodzro: Le esia me la, woɖea ayiku ƒe lãkusi sue aɖe ŋutɔ hedoa eŋu le nusuekpɔmɔ̃ me.
• Aɖuɖɔtoe me dzodzro: Woɖea aɖuɖɔ ƒe kpɔɖeŋu eye woléa ŋku ɖe protein, ʋu, kple bubuawo ŋu.Esia ate ŋu ana woakpɔ kpeɖodzi tso dɔlékuiwo alo atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo ŋu.

Aleke nàwɔ be wò ayikuwo nanɔ lãmesẽ me?

Enyo wu be woaxe mɔ ɖe ayikudɔléle nu hafi wòadzɔ tsɔ wu be woadae le eƒe dzɔdzɔ vɔ megbe. Nu bɔbɔe aɖewo siwo nàte ŋu awɔe nye esi.

• Ƒo asa na atamanono: Sigaretnono gblẽa nu le ʋuka siwo naa ʋu yia ayikuwo ŋu.
• Ðe dze ɖuɖu dzi kpɔtɔ: Dze ɖuɖu fũ ate ŋu ana ʋu ƒe sisi nadzi ɖe edzi eye wòagblẽ nu le ayiku ŋu.
• No tsi geɖe: Tsi si sɔ nono kpena ɖe ayiku ŋu be wòaɖe aɖinuwo ɖa le ŋutilãa me bɔbɔe.
• Kamedede gbesiagbe: Kamedede ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàɖu ʋu ƒe sisi dzi eye wò kpekpeme nanɔ lãmesẽ me.
• Seɖoƒe na vevesesenutsitikewo zazã: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) , abe Brufen kple Diclofenac ene zazã ɣeyiɣi didi kple esi gbɔ eme gblẽa nu le ayiku ŋu. Mègayi edzi anɔ esiawo zãm ɖɔkta ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo manɔmee o.
• Lé lolo nyuie me ɖe asi: Lolo akpa ate ŋu ahe suklidɔ kple ʋusɔgbɔdɔ vɛ.
• Dzra wò ʋu ƒe sisi kple sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋu me dzi: Ne suklidɔ alo ʋusɔgbɔdɔ le ŋuwò la, ele vevie be nàɖu wo dzi nyuie be nàkpɔ wò ayiku ta.

Ɣekaɣie wòle be makpɔ ɖɔkta?

Ne èsusu be ayiku me kuxi aɖe ate ŋu anɔ ye ŋu la, ele vevie be nàdi atikewɔlawo ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo enumake. Kpɔ nyuie vevietɔ ne dzesi alo afɔku siwo gbɔna la dometɔ aɖe le ŋuwò:

Ne dzesiwo abe esiawo ene le ŋuwò la:

• Aɖuɖɔ ƒe amadede ƒe tɔtrɔ (ʋu alo alilikpo) alo aɖuɖɔɖɔɖɔ ƒe nɔnɔme ƒe tɔtrɔ (aɖuɖɔɖɔɖɔ enuenu, vevesese ne ele aɖuɖɔ tom).
• Ŋutilã si ƒu alo esi le ʋuʋum.
• Sese le eɖokui me be ɖeɖi te ye ŋu vevie.
• Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ (Hypertension).
• Lãmetsiwo ƒe ʋuʋu.
• Nuɖuɖu ƒe dzodzro ƒe bu alo ga ƒe vivi si le nuɖuɖu me.
• Dɔgbo ƒe vevesese alo ʋuʋudedi.
• Vuvu, vevietɔ le afɔkpodzi alo asiwo ŋu.

Ne afɔku siawo le ŋuwò la:

• Ayikudɔléle le ƒomea me.
• Suklidɔ.
• Dzidɔ.
• Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ.
• Lolo akpa alo lolo akpa.

Ne afɔku siawo le ŋuwò la, ele vevie ŋutɔ be nàdo wò ayiku ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kpɔ le ɣeyiɣi siwo wò ɖɔkta gblɔ na wò me.