Ðe viwòa nye mumu le teƒe aɖewoa? Woyɔe be Selective Mutism - mina míaƒo nu tso eŋu!

Viwò sue la ƒoa nu ŋutɔ le aƒeme, exlẽa nu madzudzɔmadzudzɔe, eye wòƒoa nu sesĩe ne ele fefem gɔ̃ hã. Gake ne woyi suku, ƒometɔwo ƒe aƒewo me, alo kplɔ̃ɖoƒewo la, ɖe wòdzena abe ɖe woƒe nu mefa keŋkeŋ enea? Ðe woʋuʋua ta ko eye womeƒoa nu ne ame aɖe bia nya aɖe wo oa? Àsusu be esia nye ŋukpe, alo dzimesesẽ, alo nya ƒaƒãwo gbɔgblɔ vi aɖe ko. Gake ate ŋu anye nane si de to wu, susumedɔléle si vɔvɔ̃ kple dzimaɖitsitsi hena vɛ . Egbea, míaƒo nu tso nɔnɔme sia si woyɔna be ‘Selective Mutism’ ŋu.

Nukae nye Selective Mutism?

Kpuie ko la, Selective Mutism nye ŋutetemanɔamesi be nàƒo nu le hadome nɔnɔme aɖewo me, le teƒe siwo nèsena le ɖokuiwò me be yemevo le ye ɖokui me o alo le vɔvɔ̃m le. Menye ɖe woɖoe koŋ wɔ esia o . Le teƒe siwo nèsena le ɖokuiwò me be yenya nu tso ye ŋu eye yele dedie, abe aƒeme ene la, àte ŋu aƒo nu kuxi aɖeke manɔmee. Gake le teƒewo abe suku ene alo teƒe siwo amedzrowo le la, edzena abe wò gbe tsia nu ene.

Esia to vovo na amesi kpea ŋu ko. Selective mutism nye dzimaɖitsitsidɔ. Zi geɖe la, edzea egɔme tso ɖevime, anɔ abe ƒe 5. Zi geɖe la, ɖevi siwo mekpɔ de suku haɖe o kple klass gbãtɔ viwo dea dzesii. Ke hã, ate ŋu agblẽ nu le sɔhɛwo kple ame tsitsiwo hã ŋu.

Wogblɔ be nɔnɔme sia bɔ ɖe nyɔnuviwo me vie wu ŋutsuviwo. Gake ate ŋu atso hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe nukpɔsusuwo gbɔ. Ke hã, enye nɔnɔme si mebɔ kura o. Ame siwo mede ame ɖeka le 100 ɖesiaɖe me o ye wòdzena le.

Nukae nye amesi ŋu selective mutism le ƒe dzesiwo?

Nya "tiatia" si le ŋkɔa me fia be esia nye nusi dzɔna le nɔnɔme tiatia aɖewo me ko . Eyae nye be àte ŋu aƒo nu kuxi aɖeke manɔmee le nɔnɔme siwo me wò dzi dze eme le me. Ke hã, le nɔnɔme siwo me nèsena le ɖokuiwò me be yemevo o alo vɔvɔ̃ ɖo ye me la, eva sesẽna ŋutɔ be nàƒo nu, ne menye manya wɔ o hã.

Dzesi siawo ate ŋu ato vovo tso ame ɖeka gbɔ yi bubu gbɔ. Ame aɖewo megate ŋu ƒoa nu kura o, gake bubuwo ya ƒoa nu le mɔ si seɖoƒe li na, si seɖoƒe li na nu.

Nɔnɔme si me womate ŋu aƒo nu o alo ate ɖe eŋu

Esia bia be míaƒo asa na nuƒoƒo alesi míate ŋui, alo adzudzɔe kura. Ate ŋu adze ale:

• Èsena le ɖokuiwò me be yemate ŋu aƒo nu o. Esia dzɔna elabena wò susu sesẽna le vɔvɔ̃ kple dzimaɖitsitsi si gbɔ eme ta. Togbɔ be adze abe mèdi be yeaƒo nu o hã la, esia menye nusi nèɖoe koŋ wɔ o, ɖeko wòdzɔna.
• Eƒe ŋutilã le ʋuʋum eye wòdze abe ɖe woƒu kpee ene. Abe gbetedzi si wolé le kekeli me eye vɔvɔ̃ ɖoe ene.
• Modzakaɖeɖe ƒuƒlu aɖe le mo dzi .
• Ƒo asa na ŋkuléle ɖe ame ŋu.
• Ƒo asa na hadomenuwɔnawo alo mekpɔa gome le wo me o . Bu eŋu kpɔ, ne nufiala la bia nya aɖe le klass la, ɖevi sia léa ŋku ɖe anyigba esime ɖevi bubuawo ɖoa eŋu.
• Womebiaa nu siwo dim wole o. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woate ŋu ayi nugododeƒe le suku evɔ womebia nufiala la o, eye woate ŋu abia nane le woƒe awuwo me gɔ̃ hã.Ɣeyiɣi aɖewo hã li siwo me wòle be nàɖe aɖuɖɔ .
• Ewɔa nu le mɔ si ɖoe koŋ gblẽa nu le ame ŋu nu be wòaƒo asa na nuƒoƒo (e.g., avuwɔwɔ, avifafa).

Dzeɖoɖo si menye nyagbɔgblɔ o

• Le nyawo teƒe la , wozãa gbeɖiɖi siwo gɔme amesiame se, abe "Uu huun" (ẽ) kple "Ah ah" (ao).
• Be woaƒo asa na nuƒoƒo la , woŋlɔa nuwo ɖi hewɔa nuwo abe nane ɖeɖefia wò le agbalẽ me ene .
• Zã asiwɔwɔ ɖe nya dzi kple mo ƒe dzedzeme ɖe nyawo teƒe (e.g., ta ʋuʋu, asi fiam).

Nuƒoƒo sue aɖe alo nuƒoƒo sue aɖe ko

• Ɣeyiɣia de be míaɖo eŋu.
• Wotsɔa nya ɖeka alo eve ɖoa eŋu alo zãa nyagbe kpui ŋutɔwo.
• Wonɔa ɣli dom, ƒoa nu, alo ƒoa nu blewu ŋutɔ eye woƒoa nu le ɣlidodo me.
• Eƒoa nu kple gbe si trɔ (e.g., abe robot ene, alo to woƒe gbe si sɔ ƒe sesẽme tɔtrɔ me).

Nukatae mutism tiatia sia dzɔna?

Eŋutinunyalawo mese nusi tututu gbɔ esia tso gɔme bliboe haɖe o, gake wosusu be nu geɖe ate ŋu awɔ akpa aɖe.

Susu ƒe lãmesẽ ƒe nɔnɔme bubuwo

Selective mutism do ƒome vevie kple susumedɔléle bubuwo. Menye esiawo koe hea esia vɛ o, gake anɔ eme be amesiwo ŋu nɔnɔme siawo le la axɔ tiatiawɔblɔɖe ƒe mutism wu.

• Hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe Dzimaɖitsitsidɔ: Esia bɔ ŋutɔ le amesiwo ŋu tiatiawɔblɔɖe ƒe mutism le dome. Eŋutinunyalawo gblɔ be ame evea siaa le ame 75% va ɖo 100% ŋu.
• Vɔvɔ̃: Vɔvɔ̃ na nu vovovowo fũ akpa.
• Dzimaɖitsitsidɔ bubuwo.
• Autism Spectrum Dɔléle.
• Dzimaɖitsitsi ɖe Kaklã Ŋu: Vɔvɔ̃ si gbɔ eme be yeaklã tso dzilawo gbɔ.
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Susu me nuteɖeamedzi si dzɔna le nudzɔdzɔ dziŋɔ aɖe megbe.

Ƒome ŋutinya alo domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo

Dzimaɖitsitsidɔ ate ŋu adzɔ le ƒomewo me. Anɔ eme be ƒometɔ kplikplikpli (dzila, nɔvia, vi) si ŋu dɔlélea alo dzimaɖitsitsidɔ bubu aɖe le le amesi ŋu selective mutism le.

Nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxi bubuwo

Ðevi aɖewo ate ŋu axɔ selective mutism le dzimaɖitsitsi ɖe alesi woƒoa nu ŋu alo nusi ame bubuwo gblɔna gɔmesese sesẽ ta (e.g., auditory processing disorders , nusɔsrɔ̃ ƒe megbetsitsi).

Ate ŋu atso nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxiwo abe nuƒoƒo nyuie ƒe kuxiwo ene hã gbɔ . Ðevi aɖewo ate ŋu axɔ tiatiawɔblɔɖe ƒe gbe le esi woawo ŋutɔ ƒe gbe medzea wo ŋu o alo wovɔ̃na na alesi woɖinae ne wole nu ƒom.

Hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo

Hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe nɔnɔme aɖewo hã ate ŋu ana ɖeviwo nadze mutism tiatiawɔblɔɖe gɔme.

• Ame bubuwo ƒe anyrawɔwɔ le ame ŋu.
• Nudzɔdzɔ dziŋɔ sesẽwo alo ŋlɔmiwɔwɔ.
• Ƒomenyawo (e.g., seselelãme, nyagbɔgblɔ, alo ŋutilã me ŋlɔmiwɔwɔ le aƒeme).
• Ʋuʋu yi dukɔ alo nuto si me wodoa gbe vevi bubu le me.

Nukawoe nye kuxi siwo ate ŋu ado tso selective mutism me?

Nɔnɔme sia ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ gbegblẽ ɖe wò agbenɔnɔ dzi le mɔ vovovowo nu.

• Hadomegbenɔnɔ ƒe ŋukpe, akogotsitsi, alo ame ɖokui ɖeɖe ɖe aga.
• Nɔnɔme alo dzesi bubu siwo do ƒome kple dzimaɖitsitsi ƒe dzɔdzɔ.
• Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe sukudede ƒe dɔwɔnawo alo dɔwɔwɔ dzi .

Aleke nèwɔna dea dzesi esia?

Zi geɖe la, tagbɔdɔdala, abe tagbɔdɔdala alo susuŋutinunyala ene, ye dea dzesi mutism si wotia. Nuƒoƒo kple Gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe Dɔléleŋutinunyalawo alo Nuƒoƒo ƒe Dɔdamɔnufialawo hã ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be woaɖe nɔnɔme bubuwo ɖa eye woakpɔ dɔlélea.

Ðɔkta dea dzesi nɔnɔme sia to ŋkuléle ɖe dzesiwo kple nuwɔna ƒe ɖoɖowo ŋu me. Woabia nya wò (alo viwòa) tso nuteƒekpɔkpɔ siawo kple nu bubu siwo ate ŋu anɔ esia hem vɛ ŋu.

Zi geɖe la, wò ɖɔkta azã nyabiasewo kple ɖaseɖigbalẽwo atsɔ anya ne dɔlélea le ŋuwò. Le Amerika Tagbɔdɔlélawo ƒe Habɔbɔ ƒe DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition text revisionTM) ƒe nya nu la, hafi woakpɔe be selective mutism le ŋuwò la, ele be nàɖo dzidzenu atɔ̃ siawo gbɔ:

1. Nuƒoƒo manɔmee ɣesiaɣi le hadome nɔnɔme siwo me wokpɔa mɔ be nàƒo nu le, gake kuxi aɖeke mele nuƒoƒo me le ɣeyiɣi bubuwo me o.

2. Nuƒoƒo manɔmee kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe hadomegbenɔnɔ, sukudede, alo dɔwɔƒe ƒe agbenɔnɔ dzi .

3. Nuƒoƒo ƒe ŋutetemanɔamesi nɔa anyi wu ɣleti ɖeka.

4. Menye esi màte ŋu ado gbe vevi si ame bubuwo zãna alo ase egɔme o tae mèle nu ƒom o.

5. Nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxi bubu, abe kukɔkɔ ene mate ŋu atso nuƒoƒo sesẽa gbɔ o . Azɔ hã, mate ŋu ado ƒome kple autism spectrum disorder , schizophrenia spectrum disorders, alo tagbɔdɔléle bubuwo ɖeɖeko o.

Ðe atikewɔmɔnu aɖe lia? Ðe woate ŋu adae keŋkeŋa?

Ne wowɔ atike na wo la, woate ŋu aɖe dzesiawo ƒe sesẽme kple woƒe dzɔdzɔ zi gbɔ zi geɖe dzi akpɔtɔ. Ne wokpɔe dze sii eye woda dɔ na ame aɖewo kaba la, woate ŋu akpɔ dɔlélea ƒe dzesiwo gbɔ keŋkeŋ gɔ̃ hã.

Atikewɔwɔ siwo bɔ wue nye:

Susu ƒe lãmesẽnyawo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ

Tagbɔdɔléle ƒe atikewɔwɔ (vevietɔ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy alo CBT) .) ye nyea atike gbãtɔ si wozãna zi geɖe. Eya hãe nye esi naa nu geɖe dona tso eme wu. Nuwɔna ƒe atikewɔwɔ kpena ɖe ŋuwò nèsea dzimaɖitsitsi kple seselelãme bubu siwo ɖea fu na ame siwo hea tiatiawɔblɔɖe ƒe mutism vɛ la gɔme henɔa te ɖe wo nu. Ekpena ɖe ŋuwò hã be nàɖu nuwɔna siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu siwo ate ŋu akpe ɖe nɔnɔmea ŋu dzi.

Ne wole dɔ wɔm na ɖeviwo kple atikewɔwɔ sia la, ele vevie be woana wo dzikpɔlawo (dzilawo, wo dzikpɔlawo) nakpɔ gome le eme. Woƒe kpekpeɖeŋu le vevie ŋutɔ na atikewɔwɔa ƒe dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ.

Nuƒoƒo ƒe Dɔdamɔnu

Nuƒoƒo ƒe dɔdamɔnu bia be woawɔ dɔ kple nuƒoƒo ƒe dɔdamɔnufiala. Esia ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu vevietɔ ne selective mutism kpe ɖe nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxi aɖe ŋu.

Atikewo

Ne susumedɔdada alo nuƒoƒo ƒe atikewɔwɔ ɖeɖe mewɔ dɔ o la, woate ŋu azã atikewo hã abe atikewɔwɔa ƒe akpa aɖe ene.

Atike siwo wozãna wu na selective mutism ye nye SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) . Togbɔ be blanuiléle koŋue wozãna na esiawo hã la, woate ŋu akpe ɖe dzimaɖitsitsidɔwo abe selective mutism ene hã ŋu. Atike bubuwo hã ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò. Wò ɖɔkta (alo viwò ƒe ɖɔkta) ate ŋu agblɔ nya geɖe na wò tso nusiawo ŋu eye wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàtia esi sɔ na wò.

Anyo wu be nàbia wò ɖɔkta tso atikewo ƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu ŋu.

Nukae dzɔna ne selective mutism le nye alo vinye ŋu?

Ne dɔléle sia le ɖevi aɖe ŋu la, ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe woƒe sukudɔdasiwo, ale si wowɔa nu kple xɔlɔ̃wo, kple ale si wòte ŋu dzea xɔlɔ̃wo dzi. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ate ŋu ate ɖeviwo kpɔ be woazi ɖoɖoe, le nɔnɔme siwo le vevie ŋutɔ gɔ̃ hã me.

Ne selective mutism le ŋuwò esime nètsi la, ate ŋu ayi edzi akpɔ ŋusẽ gbegblẽ ɖe ame dzi. Ate ŋu ana wòasesẽ be woadze xɔlɔ̃wo ahatu ƒomedodowo ɖo (hadomegbenɔnɔ, dɔwɔwɔ, lɔlɔ̃nyawo). Ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wò nusɔsrɔ̃ kple dɔwɔwɔ hã dzi.

Le ame geɖe gome la, edze abe dzesiawo nu yina ne wole tsitsim ene. Gake ɣeaɖewoɣi la, dzesiawo nɔa anyi eye woate ŋu asrɔ̃ dzimaɖitsitsidɔ bubuwo (vevietɔ hadomedzimaɖitsitsi).

Ne wokpɔe dze sii hedae kaba la, emetsonuwo nyo ŋutɔ. Ne wokpɔe dze sii hedae le eƒe ɖevime la, ame akpa gãtɔ ate ŋu aɖe nɔnɔme sia ɖa alo anɔ te ɖe enu ahanɔ agbe kplii. Ekema makpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖeke ɖe woƒe agbenɔnɔ dzi o.

Gake ne womekpɔe dze sii o eye womewɔ atike nɛ o la, emetsonuwo menyo nenema gbegbe o. Esia menye nɔnɔme si me afɔku le o, gake eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu ate ŋu alolo ŋutɔ.

Ðe woate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe mutism tiatia nua?

Nublanuitɔe la, womate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe selective mutism nu o. Eŋutinunyalawo mese nusi gbɔ wòtso gɔme bliboe o, eyata mɔ aɖeke meli si dzi woato aɖe afɔku si le eme be wòadzɔ dzi akpɔtɔ o.

Aleke mate ŋu akpe ɖe vinyea ŋu ne selective mutism le eŋu?

Ðewohĩ ate ɖe dziwò ne viwòa meƒo nu le nɔnɔme aɖewo me o, eye ne ègblɔ be, “Ƒo nu, ƒo nu,” gake meƒoa nu o. Dziɖeleameƒo sia ate ŋu alolo wu ne viwòa le agbagba dzem be yeaƒo asa na nuƒoƒo, abe to avifafa ene.

Gake, nu vevitɔ kekeake si dzi wòle be míaɖo ŋkui enye be selective mutism nye susu ƒe lãmesẽ ƒe nɔnɔme. Menye nusi dzi viwòa ate ŋu aɖu o. Gake, àte ŋu aɖu viwòa ƒe nɔnɔme kple alesi nèwɔa nu ɖe ​​woƒe dzesiwo ŋui dzi.

Nu vevi aɖewo siwo ate ŋu anɔ susu me na wòe nye esi:

• Na viwòa nase le eɖokui me be yeƒe dzi dze eme eye yele dedie. Mègatutu wo alo aƒu du ayi teƒe siwo woate ŋu ase le wo ɖokui me be vɔvɔ̃ alo dzimaɖitsitsi le o. Menyo hã be woaƒo nu tso kuxi sia ŋu le wo ŋkume o, elabena ate ŋu ana ŋu nakpe wo eye woavɔ̃ wu gɔ̃ hã.
• Ðe vɔvɔ̃ kple dzimaɖitsitsi dzi kpɔtɔ, eye emegbe nàyi edzi. Dze egɔme kple dzidedeƒo na viwòa be wòaɖe eƒe susu agblɔ le mɔ siwo me wòaɖe dzi ɖi le nu. Gbã la, na woanya nu tso hadomenuwɔnawo ŋu vivivi, eye emegbe nàkpe ɖe wo ŋu woaƒo nu.
• Gbɔ dzi ɖi eye nàna ɣeyiɣi viwòa be wòaƒo nu. Ne èƒo nu ɖe ​​wo nu la, woate ŋu ase le wo ɖokui me be yewole vodada wɔm. Esia ana wòasesẽ na wo be woaɖu vɔvɔ̃ kple dzimaɖitsitsi ɖe nuƒoƒo ŋu dzi. Kpe ɖe wo ŋu woase egɔme be enyo be woabu tame hafi aɖo nya ŋu, eye woadi woƒe ɣeyiɣi.
• Kafu eƒe agbagbadzedzewo. Ne viwòa ƒo nu la, kafui ɖe eta. Na fetu (kple nyawo)e ɖe nusi wòwɔ ta. Na wòase le eɖokui me be yeƒe nuƒoƒo nyo.
• Mègadze agbagba be yeade dzi ƒo na wo to tohehe na wo me o. Ðevi siwo vɔ̃na be woahe to na yewo ne yewomeƒo nu o ate ŋu asesẽ na wo be yewoaƒo nu elabena woavɔ̃ wu.

Nu kawo ƒomevie "ʋãa" selective mutism?

Selective mutism "triggers" nye nɔnɔme alo susu siwo tae amesi ŋu nɔnɔme sia le la mate ŋu aƒo nu o. Kpɔɖeŋu siwo bɔ dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Ewɔna nam abe ame bubuwo te ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu ale gbegbe ene, ewɔna nam abe ɖe wole gegem ɖe woawo ŋutɔ ƒe liƒowo me ene .
• Ame bubuwo le nu ƒom sesĩe hele nu wɔm amemabumabutɔe.
• Amedzrowo, ame yeyewo.
• Ame bubuwo ƒe ŋutilã ƒe nɔnɔme, le kpɔɖeŋu me , ame siwo kɔkɔ ŋutɔ eye woƒe dzedzeme lolo.
• Ame bubuwo ƒe asiwɔwɔ ɖe nya dzi alo nuwɔna, e.g., amesiwo dzena abe ɖe wotsi dzimaɖi, womewɔa xɔlɔ̃ o, alo wɔa asiwɔwɔ ɖe nya dzi gbegblẽwo ene .
• Teƒe siwo ame geɖe le eye toɣliɖeɖe geɖe wu le.
• Teƒe siwo do ƒome kple ŋkuɖodzinya wɔnublanui siwo mevivina o.
• Teƒe siwo nyemeyi kpɔ o.
• Nu yeye kura, alo nɔnɔme siwo me ɖevia to nuteƒekpɔkpɔ aɖe si medze edzi o me va yi.

Esiawo nye nusiwo hea dɔlélea vɛ zi geɖe la dometɔ ʋɛ aɖewo ko. Ðewohĩ nusiwo ʋãa ame aɖewo to vovo, siwo le tẽ wu esiawo. Nusiwo hea dɔlélea vɛ hã ate ŋu atrɔ le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.

Ðe selective mutism nye autism ƒomevi aɖea?

Ao, Selective Mutism kple Autism Spectrum Disorder nye nɔnɔme eve siwo to vovo. Gake anɔ eme be ame siwo ŋu autism le la ƒe dɔléle si nye selective mutism la nɔa wo ŋu.

Mlɔeba la, nusiwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .

Selective mutism nye nɔnɔme si me ɖevi mete ŋu ƒoa nu o le vɔvɔ̃ alo dzimaɖitsitsi ta. Zi geɖe la, edzea egɔme tso sukudede ƒe ƒewo me ke, gake ate ŋu agblẽ nu le sɔhɛwo kple ame tsitsiwo hã ŋu. Ele vevie be míase egɔme be menye ɖevi siwo ŋu dɔléle sia le la le dzime ɖum alo womewɔa nu ɖe ​​ame ŋu o. Menye nusi dzi woate ŋu aɖu le wo ɖokui si hãe wònye o.

Ne èsusu be ɖewohĩ selective mutism le viwòa ŋu la, ƒo nu kple woƒe ɖeviwo ƒe dɔdala alo lãmesẽdɔwɔla bubu. Atikewɔmɔnu aɖewo li, eye zi alesi wodze atikewɔwɔ gɔme kaba la, zi nenemae emetsonua nyonae. Le wò dzideƒoname kple kpekpeɖeŋu me la, viwòa ate ŋu asrɔ̃ alesi wòaƒo nu na eɖokui evɔ vɔvɔ̃ alo dzimaɖitsitsi mabu eƒe gbe o.

` Selective mutism, nuƒoƒo manɔmee, ɖeviwo ƒe susu ƒe lãmesẽ, dzimaɖitsitsi, hadomevɔvɔ̃, nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxiwo, ɖeviwo ƒe nuwɔna