Nusianu si ku ɖe nuƒomɔ̃a ŋu le bɔbɔe! Nuka tae ɖɔktaa ɖoa to wò?

Ne èyi ɖɔkta gbɔ, alo kɔdzi la, nu ɖeka si nàkpɔ godoo enye mɔ̃ sue ma si le ɖɔkta la ƒe kɔ ŋu alo le kplɔ̃a dzi. Ẽ, ẽ, esi nètsɔna dea to me eye wòtsɔa eƒe nuwuwu evelia dea wò akɔta alo akɔta heɖoa toe. Emae nye nusi míeyɔna be nuƒomɔ̃ . Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, àte ŋu asusu be, "Nukae nye nu sue sia si sem nèle?" Togbɔ be adze abe mɔ̃ bɔbɔe aɖe ene hã la, enye dɔwɔnu xɔasi aɖe ŋutɔ si ate ŋu akpe ɖe ɖɔkta ŋu wòanya nyatakaka geɖe tso nusiwo le edzi yim le wò ŋutilã me ŋu. Egbea, mina míaƒo nu tso nuƒomɔ̃ sia ŋu vie.

Nukae nye nuƒomɔ̃? Nukae wòwɔna?

Kpuie ko la, nuƒomɔ̃ nye mɔ̃ si lãmesẽdɔwɔlawo abe ɖɔktawo kple dɔnɔdzikpɔlawo ene zãna tsɔ sea gbeɖiɖi siwo tso wò ŋutilã me . Gbeɖiɖi siawo ate ŋu ana nàkpɔ wò lãmesẽ, vevietɔ alesi wò dzi le dɔ wɔm, ne wò lãkusiwo le dɔ wɔm nyuie, kple nenye be ʋu le sisim to wò ʋukawo me nyuie .

Ne èyi ɖɔkta gbɔ la, ɖewohĩ èkpɔ ɖɔkta la tsɔ nuƒomɔ̃a tsɔ eƒe akpa sue ma si le goglo la da ɖe wò akɔta, akɔta, ƒodo dzi eye wòlé ŋku ɖe teƒe vovovowo ŋu. Wogblɔ na wò be nàgbɔ ya blewuu eye nàgbɔ ya blewuu. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ɖeko ɖɔktaa ʋuʋua ta heyia dodokpɔ si kplɔe ɖo dzi. Gake ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ne wode dzesi tɔtrɔ sue aɖe la, woate ŋu aku nu me ayi ŋgɔe.

Le atikewɔwɔ me la, woyɔa toɖoɖo gbeɖiɖi siwo le ŋutilã me be ``Auscultation .'' Esiae nye dɔ vevitɔ si nuƒomɔ̃ wɔna.

Nukae ɖɔkta tsɔa nuƒomɔ̃ sia ɖoa to?

Míaƒe ŋutilã wɔa gbeɖiɖi vovovowo ɣesiaɣi. Kpɔe ɖa le susu me be wò dzi le ƒoƒom abe "lub-dub" gbeɖiɖi ene. Esiawo nye gbeɖiɖi siwo sɔ. Gake gbeɖiɖi aɖewo li siwo mesɔ o. Ne èse gbeɖiɖi siwo mebɔ o alea la, efia be kuxi aɖe ate ŋu anɔ anyi si ŋu wòle be woalé ŋku ɖo, eye ɖewohĩ woawɔ atike nɛ gɔ̃ hã.

Ne ɖɔkta zãa nuƒomɔ̃ la, nusi koŋ ate ŋu ase:

• Dzi ƒe gbeɖiɖiwo: Tsɔ kpe ɖe dzi ƒe ʋuʋu kple duƒuƒu ŋu la, àte ŋu ase gbeɖiɖi siwo mebɔ o abe ``Dzi ƒe liʋiliʋilili.`` Liʋiliʋilili siawo nye gbeɖiɖi siwo tso kuxi siwo le dzitodzito me ʋukawo me alo tɔtrɔ siwo va le ʋu ƒe sisi me gbɔ.
• Aklã ƒe gbeɖiɖiwo: Gbeɖiɖi siwo nèwɔna ne èle gbɔgbɔm hele gbɔgbɔm. Tsɔ kpe ɖe gbɔgbɔ ƒe gbeɖiɖi siwo sɔ ŋu la, àte ŋu ase gbeɖiɖi siwo mesɔ o abe ``wheezing'' (ɣeyiɣi si le ʋuʋum ne èle gbɔgbɔm, si wosena le nɔnɔmewo abe asrã ene me) kple ``stridor'' (gbeɖiɖi sesẽ, sesẽ ne èle gbɔgbɔm) hã.
• Gbeɖiɖi siwo le dɔgboa me: Wò dɔgbowo wɔa gbeɖiɖiwo ne wole dɔ wɔm. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, èwɔa gbeɖiɖiwo ne dɔ le wuwòm, alo? Azɔ hã, le atikewɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme aɖewo me la, gbeɖiɖi siwo dona tso wò dɔgbo me ate ŋu atrɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woate ŋu awɔ toɣliɖeɖe si gbɔ eme (liʋiliʋilili) alo gbeɖiɖi sesẽwo (gbeɖiɖi sesẽwo).
• Ʋukawo ƒe gbeɖiɖiwo:Àte ŋu ase ʋu si le sisim to carotid ʋukawo me ƒe ɖiɖi, vevietɔ le kɔ me. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ne ʋukaawo xaxa la, woate ŋu ase gbeɖiɖi wɔnuku aɖe (`(Carotid Bruit)`) ne ʋu le sisim to wo me.

Vevietɔ: Ðɔkta mate ŋu agblɔ nusi kuxia nye alo alesi gbegbe wòsesẽe na wò enumake ne ese gbeɖiɖi si mebɔ o abe esia ene o. Gake ena nèkpɔe be nane ate ŋu agblẽ. Ema ko hafi, ne ehiã la, woagawɔ dodokpɔ bubuwo atsɔ anya nusi tututu gbɔ wòtso eye woawɔ ɖoɖo ɖe atikewɔwɔ ŋu. Ne míagblɔe bubui la, nuƒomɔ̃e nye afɔɖeɖe gbãtɔ kple vevitɔ kekeake si woatsɔ anya dɔléle aɖe . Gake zi geɖe la, menye eya koe nyea afɔɖeɖea o.

Ðe nuƒomɔ̃ ƒomevi vovovowo li?

Ẽ, nuƒomɔ̃ ƒomevi vovovowo li siwo ɖɔkta zãna.

Nuƒomɔ̃ si wozãna le blema (Analogue Stethoscope) .

Esia nye ƒomevi si mía dometɔ akpa gãtɔ kpɔ eye ɖɔkta akpa gãtɔ zãnɛ. Wogayɔnae be nuƒomɔ̃ si wozãna tsã . Enye mɔnu si wodo kpɔ eye wòkpɔa dzidzedze be woase gbeɖiɖi siwo le ŋutilãa me.

Elektrɔnik alo dijitaal mɔ̃ aɖeke mele eme o. Gbeɖiɖia tsoa wò ŋutilã me tẽ eye wòtoa mɔ̃ siwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe me yia ɖɔktaa ƒe to gbɔ. Ðɔktaa ɖoa to gbeɖiɖia eye wòkpɔa nusi le dzɔdzɔm.

Vovototo aɖewo le nuƒomɔ̃ siawo siwo wozãna tsã hã ŋu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ɖeviwo ƒe nuƒomɔ̃wo li siwo wowɔ be ɖevi suewo nazã eye woƒe akpawo le sue wu.

Elektrɔnik Nuƒomɔ̃

Esia nye nuƒomɔ̃ ƒomevi aɖe si de ŋgɔ vie wu. Wotrɔ asi le eŋu be wòase gbeɖiɖi siwo le ŋutilãa me nyuie wu eye wòasesẽ wu . Eyae nye be edoa gbeɖiɖia ɖe ŋgɔ. Gbeɖiɖi aɖewo siwo wosena blewu, le kpɔɖeŋu me, ``Dzi ƒe liʋiliʋi`` aɖewo, ateŋu afɔ bɔbɔe kple esia.

Azɔ hã, mɔ̃ɖaŋununya le nuƒomɔ̃ sia si ɖea toɣliɖeɖe si le megbe dzi kpɔtɔna, ale be gbeɖiɖi siwo ɖɔktaa di be yease nyuie la koe ate ŋu ase. Gawu la, àte ŋu alé gbeɖiɖia ɖe mɔ̃ dzi eye nàsee emegbe alo nàgblɔe na ɖɔkta bubu.

Digitál Nuƒomɔ̃

Esia nye nuƒomɔ̃ si ŋu mɔ̃ɖaŋununya deŋgɔ wu gɔ̃ hã le. Ate ŋu alé gbeɖiɖi fafɛwo hã nyuie eye wòaɖe toɣliɖeɖe si mehiã o ɖa. Abe elektrɔnik nuƒomɔ̃ ene la, ate ŋu alé gbeɖiɖiwo hã ɖe mɔ̃ dzi.

Gake nusi le etɔxɛ le esia ŋue nye be ate ŋu atrɔ gbeɖiɖi siwo wose tso eme la woazu nyatakaka siwo wokpɔna, abe nɔnɔmetatawo ene . To mɔ sia dzi la, ɖɔktaa ate ŋu ase nusi le edzi yim le ŋutilãa me gɔme nyuie wu. Azɔ hã, woate ŋu aɖo nyatakaka siawo ɖe kɔmpiuta alo mɔ̃ bubuwo dzi eye woatsɔ kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo tɔxɛwo adzro wo me be woasrɔ̃ nu geɖe. Azɔ hã, àte ŋu agblɔ nyatakaka siawo na wò ɖɔkta bubuwo eye wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàwɔ ɖoɖo ɖe wò atikewɔwɔ ŋu.

Le etsɔme la, anɔ eme be ɖɔkta geɖe azã elektrɔnik kple dijitaal nuƒomɔ̃ siawo. Fifia la, nuƒomɔ̃ xoxowoe wozãna wu eye woate ŋu ana nyatakaka veviwo ɖɔkta kokoko.

Aleke nuƒomɔ̃ sue sia wɔa dɔe?

Nuƒomɔ̃ wɔa dɔ to gbeɖiɖiwo fɔfɔ tso wò ŋutilã me eye wòɖoa wo to mɔ̃ siwo me do le me yia ɖɔkta ƒe to me. Gbeɖiɖi ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya sesẽ vie, gake ne míagblɔe bɔbɔe la, ne nane le ʋuʋum le wò ŋutilã me la, ewɔa ʋuʋudedi. Ʋuʋudedi siawo nana be nu suesuesue siwo le nuto si ƒo xlãe me la ƒoa wo nɔewo, si wɔnɛ be gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoewo dona . Mɔ̃ siwo le nuƒomɔ̃a me le abe mɔ̃ aɖe si tsɔa gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoe siawo ene.

Ne ɖɔkta ƒe to xɔ gbeɖiɖi ƒe ƒutsotsoe siawo la, woɖea wo gɔme ɖe gbeɖiɖi siwo woate ŋu ade dzesii me - le kpɔɖeŋu me, dzi ƒe liʋiliʋilili ƒe gbeɖiɖi "whoosh" alo stridor ƒe ɣlidodo si sesẽ.

Be nusiawo katã nava eme la, nuƒomɔ̃a ƒe akpa vovovowo wɔa dɔ ɖekae.

Nukawoe nye nuƒomɔ̃ ƒe akpa aɖewo?

Akpa vevi ʋɛ aɖewo le nuƒomɔ̃ si wozãna tsã (si sɔ kple wo nɔewo) si:

• Akɔta ƒe akpa aɖe:

Esiae nye akpa si ɖɔktaa tsɔna ɖoa wò ŋutigbalẽ dzi blewuu (zi geɖe la, wò akɔta, gake wòtsɔa wò akɔta, ƒodo, kple kɔ hã ɖona). Wotsɔ ga kple aŋe wɔe. Abe gaku ene la, zi geɖe la, aɖaka sia ƒe axa eve nɔa eŋu: akɔtaɖonu kple gaƒoɖokui . Ðɔktaa te ŋu ʋãa ame eve siawo yia ŋgɔ kple megbe be wòase gbeɖiɖi ƒomevi vovovowo.

• Diaphragm: Esia nye akpa si le gbadzaa eye wòle goglo. Zi geɖe la, wozãnɛ tsɔ sea gbeɖiɖi sesẽwo (e.g., gbɔgbɔ ƒe gbeɖiɖiwo, dɔgbo ƒe gbeɖiɖi aɖewo, dzi ƒe liʋiliʋilili aɖewo).
• Bell: Esia nye akpa sue aɖe si le abe kplu ene si me do le. Zi geɖe la, wozãnɛ tsɔ sea gbeɖiɖi siwo mebɔ o (e.g., dzi ƒe gbeɖiɖi aɖewo, dzi ƒe liʋiliʋilili aɖewo, ʋukawo ƒe gbeɖiɖi aɖewo).

Gati sue aɖe (ke) dona tso akɔta ƒe akpa sia me eye wòdoa ka kple mɔ̃a.

• Tubing:

Esia nye mɔ̃ si me do le, si te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe. Esiae tsɔa gbeɖiɖia tso akɔta ƒe akpaa yia ɖɔkta ƒe to me. Tube siawo hã ƒe wɔwɔme to vovo, gake zi geɖe la, mɔ̃ ɖeka dona tso akɔta ƒe akpaa me, yia didiƒe kpui aɖe, eye emegbe wòmãna ɖe mɔ̃ eve me le Y ƒe nɔnɔme me. Wotsɔa mɔ̃ eve siawo siwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe la doa ka kple tomeka siwo wotsɔ ga wɔe.

• Tomemɔ̃wo:

Aleae gbeɖiɖia yia ɖɔktaa ƒe to me tẽe. Gatu eve li, ɖeka na to ɖesiaɖe. Masɔmasɔ vi aɖe le amesiawo dome. Ðɔktaa ate ŋu aʋuʋu mɔ̃ eve siawo wòate ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu alo atso wo nɔewo gbɔ wu be woasɔ ɖe eƒe mo nu. Tomeka ɖesiaɖe ƒe nugbɔ falɛfalɛ sue aɖe le eƒe nuwuwu (abe tomeka siwo nèzãna tsɔ sea haƒoƒo ene). Wotsɔa to ƒe nugbɔ siawo dea ɖɔkta ƒe to me sesĩe.

Nu vevi siawo ke le elektrɔnik kple dijitaal nuƒomɔ̃wo ŋu. Ðewohĩ màse vovototo boo aɖeke le ɖokuiwò me ne ɖɔkta do wò kpɔ kpli wo o. Gake mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔnu bubu aɖewo le nuƒomɔ̃ deŋgɔ siawo ŋu siwo doa gbeɖiɖia ɖe ŋgɔ eye wowɔa nuwo abe eléle ɖe mɔ̃ dzi ene.

Amekae to nuƒomɔ̃ vɛ?

Franse ɖɔkta aɖe si ŋkɔe nye René Laennec ye to nuƒomɔ̃a vɛ zi gbãtɔ le ƒe 1816 me . Gake dɔwɔnu si wòto vɛ – ati ƒe mɔ̃ bɔbɔe aɖe – to vovo kura tso nuƒomɔ̃ si wò ɖɔkta zãna egbea gbɔ. Esia le alea elabena le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, ɖɔkta bubu geɖewo va nyo ɖe edzi le eƒe wɔwɔme me. Amerika ɖɔkta aɖe si ŋkɔe nye David Littmann ye to nuƒomɔ̃ si míekpɔna egbea ƒe nɔnɔme vevitɔ vɛ le ƒe 1960-awo me .

Nu vevitɔ kekeake si wòle be míasrɔ̃ tso esia me

Ne èle vɔvɔ̃m be yeayi ɖɔkta gbɔ, alo nèle lalam kple dzitsitsi be yeaxɔ nyatakaka tso yeƒe lɔlɔ̃tɔ aɖe ŋu la, ɖewohĩ màbu dɔwɔnu siwo ɖɔktawo zãna ŋu boo o. Eye ɖewohĩ mètsɔ ɖeke le alesi dɔwɔnu ma wɔa dɔe me o - zi alesi wòwɔa dɔ ko.

Gake, mɔ̃ aɖe abe nuƒomɔ̃ ene ŋuti nyanya vi aɖe ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò nàse akpa si mɔ̃ɖaŋununya kple ɖɔkta ƒe nunya ƒokpli ate ŋu awɔ le wò lãmesẽ ta kpɔkpɔ me gɔme . Ewɔ nuku ŋutɔ be nàbu alesi gbegbe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple asixɔxɔ le mɔ̃ sue sia me ŋu, alo? Eyata, ɣebubuɣi si ɖɔkta aɖe atsɔ nuƒomɔ̃ ade wò akɔta la, mele mɔ kpɔm be àɖo ŋku nusiawo dzi!

` Stethoscope, atikewɔnuwo, dzi ƒe tsotso, lãkusi ƒe gbeɖiɖiwo, dɔlélewo didi, tosese, ŋutilã ƒe gbeɖiɖiwo