When we think of " breast cancer ," we think of an old mother or grandmother, right? Many young women think that this is a disease that they will never get, that it only comes with age. But that's not the truth. This disease can occur at any age. So, no matter how old you are, it's important to be aware of this.
What factors increase the risk of breast cancer?
There are some factors that can slightly increase a person's risk of developing breast cancer. Let's take a look at what they are. Think about whether these things apply to you too.
| Risk Factor | Simply put... |
|---|---|
| Personal medical history | If you have previously had breast cancer or other non-cancerous breast conditions. |
| Family history of disease | Your risk is higher if one of your close relatives (mother, daughter, sister) has had breast cancer. |
| Radiation therapy | If you have received radiation treatment to your chest area for any reason before the age of 40. |
| Genetic influence | If certain genetic mutations (e.g. (BRCA1) or (BRCA2) ) that increase the risk of breast cancer are inherited. |
| Coming of age | If menstruation began before the age of 12. |
| Age at first birth | For some women, the age at which they had their first child can also affect this. |
In addition, excessive alcohol consumption, excessive consumption of red meat, obesity, and dense breasts are also considered risk factors.
Some studies suggest that women who have used birth control pills within the past 10 years have a slightly increased risk of breast cancer. However, other studies have not shown such a link. Also, taking hormone replacement therapy has been found to increase the risk.
How is breast cancer different in young women?
In fact, it is a little more difficult to detect breast cancer in women under the age of 40. The main reason for this is that the density of the tissue in our breasts increases during our youth. Simply put, it is like a dense forest. It is difficult to find a small tumor growing among such dense tissue. Therefore, by the time a lump is found in the breast of a young woman, the cancer may have already developed to some extent.
The most important thing is that young women think, "There's no way I'm going to get it," and ignore symptoms like a lump in the breast or an abnormal discharge. This delay is the most dangerous thing.
Additionally, breast cancer in younger women can sometimes be more aggressive and less responsive to treatment. Women diagnosed at a younger age are also more likely to have the aforementioned BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations.
So, should people under the age of 40 get a mammogram?
In general, women under the age of 40 who have no risk factors are not recommended to have regular mammograms. There are two reasons for this:
1. As mentioned above, it is difficult to get a clear image from a mammogram because young breasts are more dense.
2. Since the risk of cancer is relatively low at this age, the risk of radiation exposure and the cost of the test cannot be justified.
According to the American Cancer Society's recommendations, women between the ages of 40-44 can start having annual mammograms if they want. Those between the ages of 45-54 should have them every year and after 55, every 1-2 years.
However, if you have a family history of breast cancer or other high-risk factors , your doctor may recommend that you have a mammogram at a younger age.
Is there a method that is more suitable for young women?
Yes. For younger women, especially those with dense breast tissue, a method called digital mammography may be more appropriate. This is a more advanced technology than a regular mammogram. Talk to your doctor about this to learn more.
The best way to test: Be aware of your own body!
According to the American Cancer Society, it's important for every woman to be aware of the normal look and feel of her breasts. Although research has not proven a clear benefit of regular breast self-exams , it's a good idea to talk to your doctor about the pros and cons.
The most important thing is "Breast Self-Awareness" . That means:
- You need to know what is normal for your breasts .
- Go in front of a mirror at least once a month and check your hands.
- If you notice any changes - a new lump, a change in the skin, a change in the nipple, an unusual discharge - see a doctor right away. Don't dismiss it as something minor.
In addition, after the age of 20, it is also very important to have a clinical breast exam by a doctor at least once every 3 years .
How is it treated?
Treatment is determined by whether the cancer has spread outside the breast, the patient's overall health, and personal circumstances.
| Treatment method | What happens with this? |
|---|---|
| Surgery | This can be done in two ways: (Lumpectomy) - Removing only the cancerous tumor and a small amount of tissue around it. (Mastectomy) - Removing the entire breast. |
| Radiation therapy | This treatment is usually given after lumpectomy surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells. |
| Chemotherapy and Hormone Therapy | These treatments are recommended to destroy any remaining cancer cells after surgery and to prevent the cancer from coming back. |
A matter of particular importance to young women
Breast cancer treatment can affect your sex life, fertility, and pregnancy. This is a very sensitive issue for a young woman.
If you hope to have children in the future, it is extremely important to talk openly with your doctor about it before starting treatment . There are now various options for that.
Take-Home Message
- Being young is not a license to protect yourself from breast cancer. This risk exists at any age.
- Knowing your body, especially the normal nature of your breasts, is the best defense.
- Don't ignore a new lump, cyst, or other change in your breast as "something small." See a doctor immediately.
- Talk to your doctor about your family history of cancer and other risk factors to determine which screening methods are right for you.
- If you need treatment, don't be afraid to talk to your doctor about personal issues, like fertility, before starting treatment .
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