Do you also get allergies due to seasonal dust and pollen? You may already be taking medication for this. But sometimes it feels like the medication isn't working, or you have to increase the dosage over time. So what if there was a way to get rid of this allergy problem completely? That's what this allergy shot treatment we're talking about today is for. This is not a quick fix, but if you take it for a while, it can make a big difference in your life.
Simply put, what is this allergy shot?
We call this treatment method immunotherapy . Imagine that you develop an allergy because when something (an allergen) enters your body, your body's immune system overreacts to it. So in this treatment, you give your body a very small, controlled amount of the same thing you are allergic to.
When you introduce the allergen to your body little by little over time, your body becomes accustomed to it. Just like you gradually get used to eating spicy foods as a child. Over time, your body stops treating the allergen as an enemy. Then your allergy symptoms will decrease to a great extent.
The most important thing is that if you have asthma , it should be well controlled before starting this treatment. Because this treatment introduces an allergen into the body, there is a small chance that the asthma condition will worsen. Therefore , everything should be started by talking to your doctor.
There are two main types of this treatment method:
1. Allergy Shots: This is the most popular and most studied method. These shots are given at the doctor's office.
2. Sublingual Immunotherapy: This involves placing a pill under the tongue . This method has not been studied as much as allergy shots, and the results have not been proven to be as effective as shots. It is also not available for all types of allergies.
What is the procedure and schedule for this treatment?
If you are thinking of starting this treatment, the first thing you should do is see your doctor, get the necessary tests done, and find out exactly what you are allergic to .
Then the doctor will create a special injection mixture for you. The treatment takes place in two main stages.
| Treatment phase | Description |
|---|---|
| Build-up Phase | During this time, you will need to see your doctor once or twice a week to get your shots. This will usually take between 3 and 6 months. Each week, the amount of allergen in the shot will be gradually increased. |
| Maintenance Phase | Once you reach a maintenance dose that suits your body, you can reduce the frequency of injections. Then, you can come every 2 or 4 weeks. This treatment will continue for 3 to 5 years. |
One thing to remember: After each injection, you will need to stay in the doctor's office for about 30 minutes. This is because, in the rare case of a severe allergic reaction, it needs to be treated there. This is for your safety.
How long does it take to get results?
The biggest challenge in this is time. It's not easy to go to the doctor weekly for months, and then monthly for years. But if you do this with patience, the results are guaranteed.
Symptoms usually begin to decrease within the first year . They get much better by the second year. By the third or fifth year, most people's allergy symptoms are almost completely gone. After that, you can stop getting the vaccine.
However, if your symptoms have not improved after about a year of treatment, you should talk to your doctor about it and consider other treatment options.
Are there side effects and risks?
Yes, there may be small things. Because this vaccine contains a small amount of the thing you are allergic to.
- Common side effects : You may experience redness , swelling, or itching at the injection site, usually on the upper arm. This is normal. This will go away within 4-8 hours.
- Other symptoms: Some people may experience a slight increase in allergy symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, and itchy eyes.
- The most serious risk (very rare): This is called anaphylaxis . This is the most severe allergic reaction. It can cause hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. That's why it's recommended to stay with your doctor for 30 minutes after every injection. If this happens, you can get treatment right away.
Things to consider before and after vaccination
Before getting vaccinated
- Avoid exercising or doing heavy lifting for 2 hours before and 2 hours after getting the vaccine. Exercise increases blood flow, which can help the allergen in the vaccine spread throughout the body more quickly.
- Tell your doctor about any other medications, herbs, or supplements you are taking. Some medications may interfere with this treatment.
- If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, ask your doctor about whether you should continue this treatment.
When to seek immediate medical advice
After getting the vaccine and going home, if you experience difficulty breathing, a feeling of tightness in your throat, a rash , or any other serious symptoms that you suspect, go back to your doctor's office immediately, or go to the nearest Emergency Department (ETU).
Who is this treatment not suitable for?
This treatment can be a bit risky for people with heart disease, lung disease, or those taking certain medications. Therefore, it is very important to tell your doctor about your complete health history and all the medications you are taking. Then, together, you can decide whether this treatment is right for you.
Take-Home Message
- Allergy shots are not a quick fix. They are a long-term, patient treatment.
- This causes your body to become accustomed to the allergen and alters the immune system's response.
- It is very important to complete the treatment with dedication, according to the schedule given by the doctor.
- After each injection, stay in the doctor's office for 30 minutes to ensure safety.
- If you develop a severe symptom, such as difficulty breathing, go to the nearest Emergency Department (ETU) immediately.
- Before starting this treatment, discuss all of your health information with your doctor.
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