Jikinmu kamar babban birni ne mai hanyoyin sadarwa. A kan waɗannan hanyoyin ne motocin da ake kira jini ke tafiya akai-akai. Don haka a yau za mu yi magana game da wata jijiyar musamman da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan motsi na jini, tana aiki kamar babban mahaɗa. Wataƙila ba ku ma ji labarin wannan suna ba, amma ita ce Brachiocephalic Vein . Haka kuma wani lokacin ana kiranta da `(Innominate Vein)`.
A taƙaice dai, menene Brachiocephalic Vein?
Wannan wani ɓangare ne na tsarin zagayawar jini a saman jikinmu, a saman ƙirji. "Jijiya ce mai haɗin gwiwa," ma'ana tana nan a gefen dama da hagu na jikinmu.
- Jijiyar brachiocephalic ta dama
- Jijiyar brachiocephalic ta hagu
Babban aikin waɗannan jijiyoyin guda biyu shine dawo da jinin da ya ƙare daga kai, wuya, da hannayenmu zuwa zuciya . Kamar babban bututu ne wanda ke tattara jinin da aka yi amfani da shi daga saman jikinmu ya dawo da shi zuwa zuciya.
Ta yaya wannan jijiya take aiki daidai?
Ka yi tunanin babban tsarin bututun ruwa. Idan wani ɓangare nasa ya karye, dukkan tsarin ba zai yi aiki ba, ko? Haka tsarin jijiyoyin jikinmu yake. Duk jijiyoyin suna da alaƙa don taimakawa jini ya gudana yadda ya kamata.
A nan, jijiyoyinmu guda biyu na brachiocephalic sun haɗu don samar da wata babbar jijiyar da ake kira Superior Vena Cava . Wannan ita ce babbar jijiyar da ke sama da zuciyarmu. Tana ɗaukar jini kai tsaye zuwa atrium na dama na zuciya.
Daga nan, jinin yana ratsawa ta gefen dama na zuciya sannan ya tafi huhu don ɗaukar iskar oxygen. Jinin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen yana komawa zuwa zuciya kuma ana tura shi zuwa dukkan jiki ta gefen hagu na zuciya.
Wannan yana nufin, domin aika jini mai tsabta zuwa ga dukkan jikinmu, dole ne zuciya ta fara tattara jinin mara tsarki. Wani muhimmin mataki a cikin wannan tsari na tattarawa yana faruwa a cikin waɗannan jijiyoyin brachiocephalic.
Ina wannan jijiyar take? Ta yaya aka samar da ita?
Wannan jijiyar tana kan ƙirjinmu, a ƙasa da ƙashin wuya (clavicle), ta ɗan zurfafa kaɗan. A takaice dai, ba ta da nisa da kafadunmu.
- Jijiyoyin Brachiocephalic na Dama: Yana farawa ne daga mahadar jijiyar subclavian ta dama da kuma jijiyar jugular ta ciki ta dama.
- Jijiyar brachiocephalic ta hagu: Tana farawa ne daga mahadar jijiyar subclavian ta hagu da kuma jijiyar jugular ta ciki ta hagu.
Siffa da tsawon waɗannan biyun sun ɗan bambanta. Na dama ya yi guntu, tsawonsa ya kai santimita 2-3. Yana tafiya kai tsaye zuwa ga zuciya. Amma na hagu ya fi tsayi, kimanin santimita 6. Yana yin ƙaramin da'ira, yana fitowa a kwance, sannan ya haɗu da na dama. Superior Vena Cava yana farawa inda waɗannan biyun suka haɗu.
| Sashen jijiya | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Jijiyoyin Brachiocephalic na Dama | Gajere (2-3 cm). Kai tsaye ƙasa. |
| Jijiyoyin Brachiocephalic na Hagu | Dogo (6 cm). Yana gudana a kwance kuma yana haɗuwa da jijiyar dama. |
Menene ke cikin wannan yanayin?
Kamar sauran jijiyoyin jini, wannan yana da layuka uku na nama.
1. Tunica Adventitia: Wannan shine mafi girman Layer. Yana ba wa jijiya siffarta da ƙarfinta.
2. Kafafen Tunica: Wannan shine matakin tsakiya. Kwayoyin tsoka masu santsi a cikin wannan matakin suna ba da damar jijiyar ta faɗaɗa da kuma ƙunci yayin da jini ke gudana.
3. Tunica Intima: Wannan shine mafi zurfin ciki. Yana da santsi sosai, don haka jini zai iya gudana ta cikinsa cikin sauƙi ba tare da wani cikas ba.
Amma abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne cewa jijiyoyin brachiocephalic ba su da bawuloli da ake samu a yawancin jijiyoyin jikinmu.
Wadanne matsaloli da yanayi ne suka shafi wannan jijiya?
Gabaɗaya, manyan matsaloli tare da wannan jijiyoyin ba kasafai suke faruwa ba, amma a wasu lokuta, wasu yanayi na iya tasowa.
| Matsayi | Bayani mai sauƙi |
|---|---|
| Matsalolin da ke tattare da katifar tsakiyar jijiyoyin jini | Wani lokaci likitoci suna saka ƙaramin bututu a cikin wannan jijiyar don ba wa jiki magani ko ruwa. Wannan ba kasafai yake haifar da huda jijiyar ko kuma toshewar jini ba (Deep Vein Thrombosis). |
| Kunci a jijiya (Stenosis) | Wasu hanyoyin magani, kamar maganin dialysis ga masu fama da koda, na iya sa wannan jijiyar ta yi ƙunci. |
| ƙari | Wasu ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin ƙirji na iya matse wannan jijiyar ta kuma toshe kwararar jini. Waɗannan kuma na iya zama ciwace-ciwacen da suka bazu daga wasu wurare, kamar ciwon nono. |
Bambance-bambancen Halittar Jiki
Wasu mutane ana haihuwarsu da ƙaramin bambanci a wannan jijiya. Wannan bambancin yana faruwa ne a cikin kimanin jarirai 1 cikin 250. Bambancin da aka fi sani shine jijiyar brachiocephalic ta hagu tana wucewa ƙarƙashin baka na aortic maimakon a saman ta.
Wannan canjin kaɗai yawanci ba shi da lahani. Duk da haka, waɗannan canje-canjen galibi ana ganin su a cikin jarirai masu fama da cututtukan zuciya da aka haifa. Misali:
- Tetralogy na Fallot
- Lalacewar Atrial Septal
Yana da mahimmanci likitoci su san ko akwai irin waɗannan canje-canje a wasu lokutan tiyata, kamar dasa na'urar bugun zuciya. Saboda haka, suna duba wannan ta hanyar yin abubuwa kamar CT ko MRI scan kafin a yi tiyata.
To, ta yaya za mu kiyaye wannan jijiyar lafiya?
Babu buƙatar yin wani abu na musamman ga wannan jijiyoyin kawai. Irin abubuwan da muke yi don kiyaye lafiyar zuciyarmu da dukkan tsarin jijiyoyinmu suna da mahimmanci ga wannan ma.
- A guji shan taba gaba ɗaya. Amfani da kayayyakin taba yana haifar da babbar illa ga jijiyoyin jini.
- Sha ruwa mai yawa. Samun isasshen ruwa a jiki yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga zagayawar jini.
- Ku ci abinci mai kyau ga zuciya. Ku rage mai, gishiri, da sukari sannan ku ci kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da hatsi gaba ɗaya. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen rage hawan jini, cholesterol, da nauyin jiki.
- Motsa Jiki. Yi tafiya na minti 30 a rana, aƙalla kwana 5 a mako. Amma yi magana da likitanka kafin fara sabon tsarin motsa jiki.Kada ka manta.
- Kada ka tsaya a wuri ɗaya na tsawon lokaci. Ka yi motsi kaɗan a duk tsawon yini. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen kwararar jini a ko'ina cikin jiki.
Ta hanyar bin waɗannan halaye, ba kawai za ku iya kiyaye lafiyar jijiyoyinku na brachiocephalic ba, har ma da dukkan jikinku.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Jijiyoyin Brachiocephalic guda biyu ne na manyan jijiyoyin jini a saman ƙirjinmu.
- Babban aikinsu shine mayar da jinin da iskar oxygen ta lalata daga kai, wuya, da hannaye zuwa zuciya.
- Waɗannan jijiyoyin guda biyu sun haɗu suka samar da Superior Vena Cava, babban jijiyar da ke ɗauke da jini zuwa zuciya.
- Ta hanyar bin salon rayuwa mai kyau da lafiya ga zuciya, za ka iya kiyaye dukkan tsarin jijiyoyin jini, gami da waɗannan jijiyoyin, lafiya.
- Idan kana da wata shakka game da wannan ko wata matsalar lafiya, don Allah ka tuntuɓi likitanka don neman shawara .
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