Idan ka gano cewa kai ko wani da ka sani yana da ciwon daji, abu ne na al'ada ka ji tsoro da damuwa sosai lokacin da ka ji kalmar 'chemo'. Kalmar 'chemo' nan take tana nuna hotunan wani da ya rasa gashinsa, ya rasa nauyi, kuma yana shan wahala. Duk da haka, idan muka fahimci ainihin menene chemotherapy, waɗanne magunguna ake amfani da su don hakan, da kuma yadda suke shafar jiki, wannan tsoro zai iya raguwa sosai. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da shi ta hanyar abokantaka.
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Mene ne maganin chemotherapy a cikin sauƙi?
A taƙaice dai, maganin chemotherapy magani ne da ke amfani da magunguna masu ƙarfi don magance cutar kansa. Wannan shine abin da muke kira 'chemo' a taƙaice. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi inganci hanyoyin magance cutar kansa.
Domin fahimtar yadda wannan ke aiki, da farko muna buƙatar sanin kaɗan game da ƙwayoyin halittar da ke jikinmu. Jikinmu ya ƙunshi biliyoyin ƙwayoyin halitta. Ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya suna rabuwa idan ana buƙata, suna yin sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta, kuma suna mutuwa lokacin da ba a buƙatarsu ba. Wannan ana kiransa zagayowar ƙwayoyin halitta. Amma ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba sa yi. Suna rabuwa kuma suna ninka da sauri, ba tare da kulawa ba, suna samar da ƙari.
Abin da maganin chemotherapy ke yi shi ne lalata waɗannan ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da ke raba kansu cikin sauri da kuma hana su rabuwa da juna. Wato, yana sarrafa ci gaban cutar kansa.
Shin ana amfani da chemotherapy ne kawai don ciwon daji?
A mafi yawan lokuta, eh. Ana amfani da maganin chemotherapy ne musamman don magance ciwon daji. Likitocin ciwon daji suna ba da shawarar chemotherapy tare da wasu jiyya kamar tiyata da maganin radiation.
Amma wani lokacin ana amfani da chemotherapy don wasu yanayi marasa ciwon daji.
- Cututtukan Garkuwar Jiki: A cikin waɗannan cututtuka, ƙwayoyin garkuwar jikinmu suna kai hari ga kyallen jikinmu masu lafiya. Maganin chemotherapy zai iya sarrafa waɗannan ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki masu rarrabawa cikin sauri da rage lalacewar da suke yi wa jiki.
- Matsalolin Jini: A wasu matsalolin jini, bargon ƙashi yana samar da ƙwayoyin jini marasa kyau. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana ba da maganin chemotherapy don lalata waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau a cikin bargon ƙashi da kuma samar da hanya ga sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya kafin a yi dashen ƙwayoyin halitta.
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Check Availability →Nau'ikan magungunan chemotherapy da yadda suke aiki
Magungunan chemotherapy ba iri ɗaya ba ne. Suna cikin manyan rukunoni da dama dangane da sinadaran da suke da su da kuma yadda suke kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Likitan ku zai yanke shawara kan wane magani ko haɗin magunguna ne ya fi dacewa da ku dangane da nau'in ciwon daji da kuke da shi, nisan da ya bazu (mataki), da kuma lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya.
Wani lokaci, maimakon magani ɗaya kawai, ana ba da magunguna da yawa tare. Wannan ana kiransa haɗin chemotherapy. Ba da magunguna daban-daban tare yana ƙara nasarar maganin saboda kowace magani tana kai hari ga ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin manyan nau'ikan magungunan chemotherapy.
| Nau'in Magani | Yadda yake aiki | Misalai gama gari |
|---|---|---|
| Alkylating Agents | Suna lalata DNA na ƙwayoyin cutar kansa kuma suna hana su rabuwa. Waɗannan su ne nau'ikan sinadarai na farko da aka gano. | Carboplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin |
| Magungunan hana haihuwa | Yana hana ƙwayoyin cutar kansa samar da kayan halittar jini (DNA) da ake buƙata don ƙirƙirar sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta. Kamar dakatar da kayan ginin da ake buƙata don gina sabon gida ne. | 5-fluorouracil, Methotrexate, Gemcitabine |
| Masu hana Topoisomerase | Yana toshe wani enzyme (topoisomerase) wanda ke taimaka wa ƙwayar cutar kansa ta kwafi DNA ɗinta. Wannan yana hana ƙwayar ta rabu. | Etoposide, Irinotecan, Topotecan |
| Masu hana Mitotic | Waɗannan abubuwa ne da galibi ake samu daga tsirrai kuma suna tsoma baki tare da tsarin rarraba ƙwayoyin cutar kansa (mitosis). | Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, Vincristine |
| Maganin rigakafi na ƙwayoyin cuta | Suna hana kwafi na DNA na ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, wanda wataƙila yana lalata DNA. | Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Mitomycin-C |
Shin corticosteroids suma maganin chemotherapy ne?
A'a. 'Corticosteroids' ba magungunan chemotherapy ba ne. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa da ke shan chemotherapy ana ba su don sarrafa illolin kamar amai da tashin zuciya. Haka kuma, wasu 'Corticosteroids' suna da ikon kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. 'Dexamethasone' da 'Prednisolone' misalai ne na wannan.
Illolin da kowa ke tsoro
Babban abin da kowa ke damuwa da shi idan ana maganar maganin chemotherapy shine illolinsa. Gaskiya ne cewa maganin chemotherapy yana da illoli. Dalilin haka shi ne cewa magungunan chemotherapy ba za su iya bambance tsakanin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da ƙwayoyin lafiya ba. Waɗannan magunguna suna kai hari ga kowace ƙwayar da ke rabuwa da sauri. Baya ga ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, akwai ƙwayoyin lafiya a jikinmu waɗanda ke rabuwa da sauri.
Misali:
- Kwayoyin halitta a cikin tushen gashi (shi ya sa gashi ke girma)
- Kwayoyin halitta da ke lulluɓe cikin baki da makogwaro (shi ya sa ciwon baki ke faruwa)
- Kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci (wannan shine abin da ke haifar da tashin zuciya, amai, da ciwon ciki)
- Kwayoyin da ke samar da ƙwayoyin jini a cikin ƙashi (shi ya sa ake samun ƙarancin jini kuma juriya ga cututtuka na raguwa)
Illolin da suka fi yawa da ka iya faruwa saboda wannan sune:
- Gajiya mai tsanani
- Tashin zuciya da amai
- Gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya
- Asarar gashi
- Ciwon baki
- Ciwo
- Ragewar ƙwayoyin jini na iya haifar da ƙarancin jini da kuma ƙaruwar haɗarin kamuwa da cuta (neutropenia).
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine ba kowa ne zai fuskanci duk waɗannan illolin ba. Haka kuma, likitanka zai ba ka wasu magunguna don sarrafa yawancin waɗannan illolin da kuma rage tasirinsu. Don haka kada ka daina magani saboda illolin. Yi magana a fili da likitanka game da duk wani rashin jin daɗi da kake ji.
Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?
Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a gaya wa likitanka idan ka fuskanci wata illa yayin maganin chemotherapy. Musamman ma, kada ka ɗauki hakan da wasa idan ka fuskanci ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan:
- Zazzabi mai yawa (yawanci sama da 38°C / 100.4°F)
- Amai ko gudawa mara tsayawa
- Wahalar numfashi ko ciwon ƙirji
- Zubar jini mai ɗorewa daga ko'ina cikin jiki
- Rashin cin abinci ko sha saboda mummunan raunin baki
A irin wannan yanayi, nan take a kira sashen ciwon daji na asibitin da ake yi maka magani, ko kuma a je sashen gaggawa (ETU) na asibiti mafi kusa. Waɗannan ba abubuwa bane da za a jira. Likitan ku na iya buƙatar canza yawan maganin, ya canza jadawalin magani, ko kuma ya ba ku wasu magunguna don illa.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Maganin kemoterapi magani ne mai ƙarfi da tasiri wanda ke lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Kada ku ji tsoronsa ba tare da wata matsala ba.
- Akwai nau'ikan magungunan chemotherapy da yawa. Likitan ku zai zaɓi mafi kyawun magani don ciwon daji da yanayin lafiyar ku.
- Illolin na iya faruwa, amma yawancinsu ana iya shawo kansu. Yi magana da likitanka game da duk wani rashin jin daɗi da kake ji.
- A lokacin jiyya, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a sha maganinka a kan lokaci kuma a je asibiti.
- Ba kai kaɗai ba ne. Iyalanka, abokanka, da ƙungiyar likitoci suna nan don taimaka maka. Kada ka yi jinkirin neman taimako daga gare su.
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