Duk muna tunani sosai game da fatarmu da kuma yadda za mu kiyaye ta da kyau, ko ba haka ba? Babu abin da ba mu yi don kiyaye ta da haske da santsi. Amma kun taɓa tunanin cewa fatarku ba wai kawai murfin ba ce, amma garkuwa ce mai ban mamaki da ke kare dukkan jikinmu? Don haka, mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren wannan garkuwar kariya shine epidermis, wanda za mu yi magana a kai a yau.
A taƙaice dai, menene epidermis?
Ka yi tunanin fatarmu a matsayin bango da aka yi da layuka uku. Babban layin wannan bango, wato layin da muke gani da taɓawa, ana kiransa da epidermis. A ƙarƙashinsa akwai wasu manyan layuka guda biyu, wato dermis da hypodermis.
Kashi na fata shine mafi siririn fata. Amma abin mamaki shine, wannan siririn Layer ne ke da alhakin kare jikinmu daga duniyar waje. Abin da ya fi ban mamaki shi ne a cikin wannan siririn Layer, akwai ƙarin ƙananan Layer guda biyar! Kamar albasa ne mai layuka da yawa.
Menene waɗannan ƙananan yadudduka guda 5 a cikin epidermis?
Bari mu duba ƙananan layuka guda biyar da suka ƙunshi wannan babban Layer, wato epidermis. An tsara waɗannan a jere daga ƙasa zuwa sama.
| Sunan Layer | Abin da ke faruwa kawai shi ne |
|---|---|
| 1. Tsarin Stratum (ƙasa bene) | Wannan ita ce 'masana'antar' inda ake samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin fata. Ana samar da ƙwayoyin halitta da ake kira keratinocytes a nan kuma suna motsawa sama. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna samar da furotin da ake kira keratin wanda ke taimakawa wajen gina gashinmu, farce, da saman fatarmu. Melanocytes , waɗanda ke samar da melanin mai launi wanda ke ba fatarmu launinta, suma suna cikin wannan Layer. |
| 2. Stratum spinosum | Nan ne ƙwayoyin keratinocyte ke mannewa tare kuma ake haɗa su wuri ɗaya. Wannan shine abin da ke ba wa fatarmu ƙarfi da sassauci. Wannan Layer yana taimakawa wajen hana fatar tsagewa lokacin da aka miƙe ko aka motsa ta. |
| 3. Stratum granulosum (Stratum granulosum) | Idan muka isa wannan matakin, ƙwayoyin halittar za su fara mutuwa, siffarsu za ta yi lanƙwasa, kuma a nan ne suke fara samar da shinge mai kitse wanda ke hana ruwa shiga fata. |
| 4. Stratum lucidum | Wannan wani abu ne na musamman. Ba a samunsa a ko'ina a jikinmu. Ana samunsa ne kawai a wuraren da muke amfani da fatarmu da yawa, inda akwai fata mai kauri. Misali, a tafin hannunmu da tafin ƙafafunmu . Wannan wani abu ne mai haske wanda ke ba da ƙarin kariya. |
| 5. Stratum corneum (Bene na sama) | Wannan shine ɓangaren fatar da muke gani da taɓawa, ɓangaren da muke kira fatarmu. Ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin keratin matattu, masu laushi. Wannan shine ainihin garkuwar kariyarmu. Wannan Layer ne ke kare mu daga karyewa, hasken rana, zafi, da ƙwayoyin cuta. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta matattun suna faɗuwa a hankali, kuma sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta suna fitowa a ƙasa don cike gibin. |
A taƙaice dai, fatarmu tana sabunta kanta akai-akai. Yawanci tana ɗaukar kimanin wata guda kafin sabuwar ƙwayar halitta ta fito a cikin ƙasan Layer (Stratum basale) sannan ta zube daga saman Layer (Stratum corneum).
Mene ne bambanci tsakanin epidermis da dermis?
Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, epidermis shine saman Layer, kuma dermis shine tsakiyar Layer a ƙasa. Akwai bambance-bambance bayyanannu tsakanin su biyun.
| Fasali | Epidermis | Dermis |
|---|---|---|
| Wuri | Mafi kyawun Layer na fata. | Tsakiyar Layer a ƙarƙashin epidermis. |
| Kauri | Mafi siririn fata. (misali, siriri kamar ganye a fatar ido) | Mafi kauri na fata. |
| Abubuwan da ke ciki | Galibi ƙwayoyin halitta kamar keratinocytes da melanocytes. Babu jijiyoyin jini. | Jijiyoyin jini, ƙarshen jijiyoyi, glandar gumi, glandar da ke samar da mai, da kuma gashin gashi duk suna nan. |
Waɗanne manyan ayyuka ne epidermis ke yi wa jikinmu?
Sabis ɗin da wannan ƙaramin siririn Layer ke yi wa jikinmu ba ƙaramin aiki ba ne.
- Ruwan sha: Layin saman fatarmu (stratum corneum) yana hana ruwa tururi kuma yana riƙe danshi a cikin fata.
- Samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin fata: Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta da ke samuwa a ƙasan fatar suna sabunta fata ta hanyar cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin halitta da suka mutu.
- Kariya: Wannan shine babban aikin. Kamar sulke, yana hana ƙwayoyin cuta (ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta), sinadarai, da kuma hasken UV mai cutarwa shiga jikinmu.
- Launin fata: Melanin, wani launi da ƙwayoyin melanocyte ke samarwa, yana ba fatarmu, gashinmu, da idanunmu launinsu.
Waɗanne yanayi ne ke shafar epidermis?
Duk da cewa garkuwar jikinmu na kariya, wasu lokutan ana iya shafar fatar jiki ta hanyar cututtuka daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa ne da kuka sani sosai.
- Kuraje
- Tarin kuraje
- Dandruff
- Kuka
- Ciwon daji na fata kamar melanoma
Idan kana da alamun kamar sabbin tabo a fatar jikinka waɗanda ke canza launi ko siffa, busasshiyar fata, fashe-fashe, ko kuma ɓawon fata, ya fi kyau ka ga likitanka nan da nan don neman shawara .
Abubuwan da za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar fatarmu da kyawunta
Ya kamata mu kuma kula da wannan mai tsaron namu mai daraja, ko ba haka ba? Ga wasu shawarwari masu sauƙi don hakan.
- Kafa kyawawan halaye na kula da fata:Ka bi umarnin likitanka don kula da fata. Yi amfani da sabulu mai laushi, wanda ba ya ƙonewa yayin wanke jikinka.
- Yadda ake busar da jikinka: Ya fi kyau a shafa a hankali da tawul, maimakon a goge shi da ƙarfi.
- Yi amfani da man shafawa: Shafa man shafawa yayin da fatar jikinka take da danshi bayan wanka zai taimaka wajen danshi. Ya fi kyau a shafa shi sau biyu ko uku a rana.
- Kada a yi wanka da ruwan zafi: Yin wanka da ruwan zafi zai iya cire man shafawa na halitta daga fata ya kuma busar da shi. A maimakon haka, a yi amfani da ruwan dumi.
- Sha ruwa mai yawa: Sha akalla kofuna 8 na ruwa a rana. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye fatar jikinka daga ciki.
- Ku ci abinci mai gina jiki: Ku haɗa da abinci mai wadataccen sinadarin antioxidants, kamar 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, ganye, da kifi mai wadataccen Omega-3.
- Kare kanka daga rana: Yi amfani da man kariya daga rana mai akalla SPF 30 duk lokacin da za ka fita, ko rana ce ko ba rana ba. Wannan shine mafi kyawun abin da za ka iya yi don kare fatar jikinka.
- A guji yin ƙaiƙayi a fatar jikinka: Idan kana da ƙaiƙayi ko rashin lafiyan fata a ko'ina a fatar jikinka, yin ƙaiƙayi a fatar na iya ƙara ta'azzara yanayin. Idan ya zama dole, a nemi likita.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Kashi na fata shine saman fata mai siriri wanda ke kare mu daga duniyar waje.
- A cikin wannan siririn Layer, akwai ƙarin ƙananan Layer guda 5. Kowannensu yana yin ayyuka daban-daban.
- Babban aikin epidermis shine kare jikinmu, riƙe danshi, samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma ba fata launi.
- Ta hanyar shan ruwa mai yawa, cin abinci mai gina jiki, da kuma amfani da man shafawa mai kariya daga rana akai-akai, za ka iya kiyaye wannan muhimmin bangare na fatar jikinka lafiya.
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