Shin jikinka yana da yawan acid? Bari mu koyi game da lactic acidosis!

Shin ka taɓa jin gajiya, ciwo, ko kuma kasa numfashi lokacin da ka ɗan gaji? Waɗannan na iya faruwa ne saboda dalilai da dama. Duk da haka, a yau za mu yi magana game da wata matsala da za ta iya faruwa idan wani sinadari mai suna lactic acid ya taru a jikinmu. Wannan shine abin da likitoci ke kira lactic acidosis . Kada ka damu, bari mu yi magana a kan wannan a taƙaice.

Menene Lactic Acidosis?

A taƙaice dai, lactic acidosis yanayi ne da ke faruwa inda akwai yawan lactic acid a cikin jinin mutum. Wannan na iya faruwa idan jikin mutum ya samar da lactic acid da yawa, ko kuma idan jikin mutum bai iya cire lactic acid da yake samarwa yadda ya kamata ba.

A al'ada, hanta da kodanmu su ne ke cire sinadarin lactic acid da ya wuce kima daga jikinmu. Duk da haka, idan adadin sinadarin lactic acid ya yi yawa, ko kuma akwai rauni a cikin waɗannan gabobin kamar hanta da koda, ba za su iya yin wannan aikin yadda ya kamata ba. A lokacin ne sinadarin lactic acid ya fara taruwa a cikin jini.

Idan matakin lactic acid a cikin jininka ya ɗan yi yawa, muna kiransa hyperlactatemia . Duk da haka, idan wannan ya ƙara ƙaruwa kuma pH na jiki (watau ma'aunin acid-base) ya zama mai yawan acid, wannan ana kiransa lactic acidosis .

Me yasa lactic acid ke samuwa a jikinmu?

Lactic acid, wanda wani lokacin ake kira lactate , wani abu ne na halitta wanda ke haifar da metabolism na ƙwayoyin halitta. Kwayoyin halittarmu suna amfani da glucose (sukari) don samar da makamashi. Wannan tsari ana kiransa anaerobic glycolysis . Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwayoyin halitta ke buƙatar makamashi da sauri, amma ba su da isasshen iskar oxygen don yin hakan.

Yawanci, muna samun kuzari ta hanyar wani tsari da ke amfani da iskar oxygen. Wannan ana kiransa aerobic metabolism . Duk da haka, anaerobic glycolysis kamar tushen makamashi ne da muke amfani da shi a lokacin gaggawa. Ka yi tunanin, idan ka yi gudu da ƙarfi ba zato ba tsammani ko ka ɗaga nauyi mai nauyi, tsokokinka ba zato ba tsammani ba su da iskar oxygen. A lokacin ne ake amfani da wannan hanyar. Hakazalika, lokacin da kyallen jikinmu ba su sami iskar oxygen ba saboda wasu cututtuka, ana samar da lactic acid ta wannan hanyar.

Me zai faru idan lactic acidosis ya faru?

Abin da ke faruwa idan kana da lactic acidosis ya danganta da tsananinsa. Wasu mutane na iya fuskantar wannan yanayin na ɗan lokaci, musamman bayan motsa jiki mai yawa. Yana iya sa jikinka ya yi ciwo na 'yan kwanaki. Amma idan hanta da kodan suna cikin koshin lafiya, lactic acid ɗin zai ɓace cikin 'yan kwanaki.

Duk da haka, idan jikinka ya ci gaba da samar da sinadarin lactic acid da yawa, ko kuma idan hanta da kodanka ba su iya sarrafa shi yadda ya kamata ba, lamarin na iya ƙara yin muni. Wannan yakan faru ne da wani irin rashin lafiya. Yayin da matakin lactate a cikin jininka ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa, matakin pH yana raguwa, kuma fitowar zuciya a hankali yana raguwa. Wannan na iya haifar da gazawar wasu gabobin jiki har ma da mutuwa. Don haka yana da mahimmanci a san da wannan.

Mene ne alamun cutar Lactic Acidosis?

Alamomin wannan yanayin na iya bambanta a farkon matakai da kuma lokacin da yanayin ya yi tsanani.

Alamomin farko

Da farko, za ka iya jin abubuwa kamar haka:

• Tashin zuciya da amai.
• Gajiya da gajiya mai tsanani.
• Numfashi mai sauri da zurfi (wannan ana kiransa diyya ta numfashi , yunƙurin rage yawan sinadarin acid a jiki ta hanyar numfashi).
• Jinkirin tsoka da ciwon jiki.

Alamomin da ke nuna cewa yanayin ya yi tsanani

Yayin da yanayin ya tsananta, waɗannan alamu na iya bayyana:

• Rauni da ƙaruwar barci.
• Rashin hankali da ruɗani.
• Wahalar sarrafa motsi, kamar lokacin tafiya ( ataxia ).
• Rage fitar fitsari ( Oliguria ).

Wasu alamomin

Haka kuma kuna iya samun alamun wata cuta ta rashin lafiya da ke haifar da lactic acidosis . Misali, yanayi kamar sepsis ( cutar jini), girgiza ( shanyewar jiki), ko gazawar hanta . Alamomin wannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Ƙananan zafin jiki.
• Ƙarancin hawan jini.
• Zazzaɓi.
• Jaundice (rawar launin rawaya na fata da fari na idanu).

Menene babban dalilin lactic acidosis?

Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da wannan. Babban abin da ya fi jawo hakan shine ƙarancin iskar oxygen a cikin jininka (hypoxemia) ko rashin iskar oxygen a kyallen jikinka (hypoxia). Wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne sakamakon wata matsala ta lafiya.

Likitoci sun raba wannan yanayin lactic acidosis zuwa nau'i daban-daban bisa ga dalilansa:

Nau'i A

Nau'in A lactic acidosis yana faruwa ne lokacin da kyallen jikinka ba su sami isasshen iskar oxygen ba. Sau da yawa ana ganinsa a cikin mawuyacin hali na rashin lafiya. Hakanan yana iya zama na ɗan lokaci, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon yawan motsa jiki.

Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ka iya haifar da yawan samar da lactate sun hada da:

• Matsalolin huhu suna sa jinin bai sami isasshen iskar oxygen ba.
• Matsalolin kwararar jini suna haifar da jinkirin kwararar jini da kuma rashin isashshen iskar oxygen zuwa kyallen takarda.
• Matsalolin haemoglobin suna shafar ikon ƙwayoyin jinin ja wajen ɗaukar iskar oxygen.
• Yanayi kamar girgizar septic , girgizar hypovolemic, ko girgizar zuciya .
• Ciwon ischemic na hanji .
• Fargaba da suma na tsawon lokaci.
• Gubar da ke haifar da gurɓatar carbon monoxide .

Nau'in B

Nau'in B na lactic acidosis yana faruwa ba tare da hypoxemia ko hypoxia ba . Akwai ƙananan nau'i uku.

Nau'in B1

Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon cututtukan da ke haifar da toshewar ikon metabolism na lactate.

Suna iya zama:

• Cutar hanta .
• Ciwon koda.
• Rashin sinadarin Thiamine (bitamin B1) .
• Ciwon daji.
• Matsayin HIV/AIDS .
• Cututtukan Mitochondria .
• Ketoacidosis mai alaƙa da ciwon sukari .
• Matsalar shan barasa .

Nau'in B2

Wannan yana faruwa ne a matsayin sakamako na wasu magunguna da guba. Misalan:

• Gubar Cyanide .
• Gubar da ke haifar da gurɓatar carbon monoxide .
• Gubar barasa.
• Amfani da cocaine .
• Wasu magunguna don HIV ( Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (maganin hana kamuwa da cuta) ).
• Wasu nau'ikan na'urorin numfashi da ake amfani da su don cututtuka kamar asma ( masu shaƙatawa na Beta-adrenergic agonist ).
• Allurar Epinephrine don rashin lafiyan jiki mai tsanani.
• Maganin linezolid na maganin rigakafi.
• Propofol don maganin sa barci.
• Metformin, magani ne da ake amfani da shi don magance ciwon suga (ana amfani da wannan sosai a Sri Lanka, don haka ya kamata ku san wannan sosai).

Nau'in B3

Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda ƙarancin enzymes na musamman da ake buƙata don narkewar lactate. Waɗannan ba kasafai suke faruwa ba. Misalan:

• Cutar ajiyar Glycogen .
• Rashin sinadarin fructose-1,6-diphosphatase .
• Rashin sinadarin pyruvate carboxylase .
• Rashin sinadarin pyruvate dehydrogenase .
• Rashin sinadarin phosphorylation mai guba .
• Methylmalonic aciduria .

D-lactic acidosis

Nau'in A da B da muka yi magana a kai a baya suna da alaƙa da tarin L-lactate a cikin jinin mutum. Wannan L-lactate wani nau'in lactic acid ne wanda yawanci ake samarwa kuma ake samar da shi a cikin jikin ɗan adam.

Duk da haka, akwai wani nau'in lactic acidosis da ba kasafai ake samu ba, wanda ke faruwa ne sakamakon tarin D-lactate . Wannan nau'in lactic acid ana samar da shi ne ta hanyar wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin babban hanji. Ana samar da D-lactate a matsayin wani abu da ya biyo baya lokacin da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta ke narkewar carbohydrates yayin narkewar abinci.

D-lactic acidosis yana faruwa ne lokacin da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suka yi yawa. Sannan ana sha ƙarin D-lactate daga hanji zuwa jini. Kodanmu ko hanta ba za su iya narkewar D-lactate ba. Don haka yana ci gaba da taruwa a cikin jini. Sau da yawa ana ganin wannan a matsayin rikitarwa na wani yanayi da ake kira ciwon hanji na gajere .

Ta yaya ake gane cutar Lactic Acidosis?

Likitoci suna tantance ko kuna da lactic acidosis bisa ga waɗannan abubuwan:

• Matakan lactate na jini sun fi 4 mmol/L (millimoles a kowace lita).
• Matsayin pH na jini ƙasa da 7.35.

Ana auna waɗannan dabi'u ta hanyar ɗaukar samfurin jini daga gare ku da kuma gwada shi.

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi don wannan?

Ana yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa don gano lactic acidosis :

• Cikakken tsarin metabolism (CMP) : Wannan gwajin jini ne mai sauƙi wanda ke auna abubuwa daban-daban a cikin jininka don samun bayanai na asali game da lafiyarka.
• Gwajin lactate na jini : Baya ga abubuwan da aka auna a cikin CMP, ana auna matakin lactate a cikin jininka musamman.
• Gwajin jini na gap na Anion : Wannan gwajin yana auna pH da daidaiton electrolyte na jinin ku.
• Gwajin iskar gas ta jijiya : Wannan yana auna cikar iskar oxygen na jijiyoyinku, da kuma ma'aunin pH da electrolyte.

Yaya ake magance cutar Lactic Acidosis?

Idan kana da lactic acidosis saboda wani dalili na ɗan lokaci, kamar motsa jiki mai yawa, girgiza, ko kuma farfadiya, yawanci yakan warke bayan lokaci. Za ka iya samun sauƙi ta hanyar zama a gida da kuma kasancewa cikin ruwa mai tsafta.

Duk da haka, a asibiti, ana magance matsalar lactic acidosis nan da nan da ruwan jijiya ( ruwayen IV , wannan shine abin da muke kira saline) da sauran hanyoyin farfaɗo da mutum, kamar maganin iskar oxygen, idan ya cancanta.

Za a tantance magani bisa ga dalilin. Dangane da alamun cutar, ƙungiyar likitocinku za ta yi aiki don magance matsalar rashin lafiya ko guba da ke haifar da lactic acidosis .

Idan kana nuna alamun ƙarancin iskar oxygen, ƙungiyar likitoci za ta yi zargin cewa nau'in A yana haifar da hakan - kamar gazawar zuciya ko numfashi, sepsis , ko girgiza - sannan ta fara magance waɗannan matsalolin gaggawa.

A lokuta inda ba a nuna ƙarancin iskar oxygen ba, suna la'akari da dalilai daban-daban na nau'in B kuma suna magance su musamman.

Wane irin sakamako ne wanda ke da lactic acidosis zai iya tsammani?

Sakamakon ya dogara ne da musabbabin da kuma tsananin yanayin. Nau'in A lactic acidosis - wanda ke da alaƙa da sepsis , girgiza, da/ko raguwar isar da iskar oxygen zuwa jini - ya fi tsanani. Sauran nau'ikan lactic acidosis na iya zama masu sauƙi kuma suna tasowa a hankali, wanda ke ba da ƙarin lokaci da dama don magani.

Gabaɗaya, yayin da matakan lactate na jini ke ƙaruwa, yawan mace-mace na iya ƙaruwa. Duk da haka, cikakken murmurewa yana yiwuwa tare da magani cikin sauri da inganci.

Lactic acidosis yana ɗaya daga cikin cututtuka da dama da ake kira metabolic acidosis, wanda acid ke taruwa a cikin jinin mutum. A cikin metabolic acidosis , tsarin metabolism na jiki na yau da kullun wanda ke samar da kuma sarrafa acid yana da matsala ta wata hanya. Yawanci, hanta da koda na iya tace yawan acid. Amma idan waɗannan gabobin ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata, ba sa iya sarrafa acidosis. Don haka, kula da hanta da koda ta hanyar shan ruwa mai yawa, iyakance barasa da shan magunguna masu cutarwa na iya taimakawa sosai wajen kiyaye lafiyar ku na dogon lokaci.

Takaitattun bayanai da za a tuna

To, bari mu tunatar da ku wasu daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da muka tattauna a yau:

• Lactic acidosis shine ƙaruwar lactic acid a cikin jini.
• Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da hakan. Babban dalilin shine jiki baya samun isasshen iskar oxygen.
• Alamomin farko na iya haɗawa da gajiya mai tsanani, amai, da kuma saurin numfashi.
• Ana yin gwajin jini don gano wannan yanayin.
• Maganin ya dogara ne da dalilin. Wani lokaci hutawa da ruwa sun isa, wani lokacin kuma ana buƙatar a kwantar da shi a asibiti.
• Idan aka gano cutar kuma aka yi mata magani da wuri, za a iya warkewa.
• Kiyaye lafiyar hanta da koda yana taimakawa wajen kare kai daga irin waɗannan yanayi.

Don haka, idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamomin, ko kuma kana son ƙarin bayani game da wannan, kar ka manta ka nemi likita. Ka kasance cikin koshin lafiya!

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