Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda hannuwanka, wuyanka, da kai suke samun kuzarin da suke buƙata don yin aiki, wato, jini mai tsabta, mai iskar oxygen? A yau za mu yi magana game da jijiyoyin jini guda biyu na musamman waɗanda ke ba da ƙarfi ga ɓangaren sama na jikinmu, suna aiki kamar babban tsarin samar da ruwa ga birni. Muna kiran waɗannan da Subclavian Artery. Kodayake sunan yana iya yin kama da ɗan rikitarwa, aikinsu yana da sauƙi kuma yana da mahimmanci.
A taƙaice dai, menene ikon sarrafa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta?
Ka yi tunanin zuciyarka a matsayin babbar tashar famfo. Wannan tashar famfo tana ɗauke da jinin iskar oxygen zuwa dukkan sassan jikinka ta hanyar babban tsarin bututu. Manyan bututu biyu a cikin wannan tsarin sune jijiyoyin subclavian. Waɗannan suna ƙasa da ƙashin wuyanka. Ɗaya a gefen dama, ɗayan kuma a hagu.
Babban aikinsu shine ɗaukar jini mai yawan iskar oxygen daga zuciyarka zuwa wuyanka, kai, da hannaye . A takaice dai, waɗannan jijiyoyin suna aiki a sassa uku:
- Kashi na farko: Wannan ɓangaren yana isar da jini ga 'da'irar Willis', wani babban tsarin jijiyoyin jini wanda ke isar da jini zuwa ƙirjinka, glandar thyroid, da kwakwalwa.
- Kashi na Biyu: Wannan zai sa jini ya kwarara zuwa muhimman sassan wuya.
- Sashe na 3: Wannan shine mafi nisa. Yana isar da jini ga hannuwanku, gami da tsokoki a cikin biceps da triceps, da kafadunku.
Ina waɗannan gidajen ibada suke kuma menene rassansu?
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, waɗannan tsokoki biyu suna ƙarƙashin ƙashin wuya. Duk da haka, wuraren farawa na waɗannan tsokoki biyu sun ɗan bambanta.
- Jijiyoyin Subclavian na Dama: Wannan yana farawa ne daga jijiyoyin brachiocephalic ɗinku.
- Jijiyoyin Hagu na Subclavian: Wannan yana farawa kai tsaye daga baka na aorta.
Waɗannan jijiyoyin guda biyu suna tafiya daga tsakiyar jikinka, suna wucewa kusa da haƙarƙarinka na farko, inda suke zama jijiyoyin axillary. A kan hanya, waɗannan manyan jijiyoyin suna rabuwa zuwa wasu muhimman rassan.
| Sunan Reshe | aiki |
|---|---|
| Jijiyoyin ƙashi | Yana isar da jini ga sassan kwakwalwa da kuma tushen kwakwalwa. |
| Jijiyoyin thoracic na ciki | Yana isar da jini zuwa ga pericardium, ƙashin ƙirji, diaphragm, da sassan bangon ƙirji. (Likitoci suna amfani da wannan jijiyar don yin dashen jijiyoyin zuciya.) |
| Jijiyoyin ƙashin baya na dorsal | Yana ɗaukar jini zuwa tsokoki a saman baya waɗanda ke tallafawa hannaye da kafadu. |
| Tushen mahaifar thyroid | Yana ratsa gefen wuya kuma yana isar da jini zuwa wuya da kafadu. |
| Akwatin Costocervical | Suna zaune a gefen wuya, suna aika jini zuwa hannaye, wuya, da kai. |
Waɗanne yanayi na lafiya ne zasu iya shafar wannan hali?
Kamar sauran jijiyoyin jini a jikinmu, jijiyoyin jini na subclavian na iya kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Bari mu duba wasu daga cikinsu yanzu. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a san waɗannan, domin idan aka gano su da wuri, suna da sauƙin magance su.
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, kada ka duba intanet kawai ka yanke shawarar cewa kana da rashin lafiya, amma ka tabbata ka ga likita ka nemi shawara.
| Yanayin lafiya | A taƙaice dai, me zai faru? |
|---|---|
| Ciwon zuciya (atherosclerosis) | Wannan shine yanayin da muka sani a matsayin 'tarin mai a cikin jijiyoyin jini'. Cholesterol da kitse (plaque) na iya taruwa da toshe cikin jijiyoyin jini. Wannan yana hana kwararar jini. |
| Ciwon fitar da thoracic | Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da jijiyar ta yi ƙunci (stenosis) saboda tsokoki, ƙasusuwa, ko wasu kyallen da ke kewaye da jijiyar. Wannan yana rage yawan jinin da ke kwarara zuwa hannu. |
| Ciwon jijiyoyi na Takayasu | Wannan wata cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba da ake kira vasculitis. A wannan yanayin, jijiyar subclavian ta kan kumbura ta kuma kumbura. Wannan zai iya rage yawan iskar oxygen da ke isa kai, wuya, da hannaye. |
| Ciwon Sata na Subclavian | Abin da ke faruwa a wannan yanayin shi ne, raguwar jijiyar jini yana sa a "ɓoye" jan wasu jinin da ya kamata su je kwakwalwa zuwa gefen hannu lokacin da ake yin aikin hannu. Wannan yana rage yawan jinin da ke zuwa kwakwalwa, wanda zai iya haifar da wasu abubuwa kamar jiri. |
Alamomin da aka fi sani da wannan nau'in matsalar
Yanzu bari mu duba wasu daga cikin alamomin da za ku iya fuskanta idan kuna da wannan yanayin. Idan kuna da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamomin akai-akai, ya fi kyau ku ga likita.
- Canje-canje a hawan jini tsakanin hannaye biyu: BP a hannu ɗaya yana nuna ƙarancin ƙima fiye da ɗayan.
- Canjin launin hannu ko yatsu: Yana iya zama fari ko shuɗi.
- Jin kasala, ciwo, ko rauni a hannu: Hannun yana jin kasala, ko rauni, ko kuma ciwo.
- Kumburin hannu.
- Jin sanyi: Jin kamar hannunka yana yin sanyi da sauri fiye da sauran.
- Dizziness: Dizziness, musamman lokacin yin aikin hannu.
- Zazzaɓi.
- Suna suma.
Ta yaya likita ke duba wannan yanayin?
Idan ka je ganin likita mai waɗannan alamomin, zai fara yi maka tambayoyi ya kuma duba ka. Sannan, idan ya zama dole, zai iya tura ka zuwa wasu daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
- Auna hawan jini a hannuwa biyu.
- Duban na'urar daukar hoton jijiyoyin jini (Vascular ultrasound scan): Ana iya amfani da wannan don ganin yadda jini ke gudana a cikin jijiyoyin jini da kuma ko akwai toshewar jijiyoyin jini.
- Hoton X-ray na ƙirji.
- Gwajin CT scan ko MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI).
- Angiogram: Ba a yin wannan sau da yawa. A cikin wannan, ana allurar fenti na musamman a cikin jiki kuma ana ɗaukar hoton X-ray don ƙirƙirar taswirar jijiyoyin jini.
Menene hanyoyin magancewa?
Abu mafi kyau shine akwai magunguna masu inganci ga yawancin waɗannan yanayi. Likitan ku zai zaɓi mafi dacewa da yanayin ku. Babban burin shine a sake buɗe jijiyar da ta yi ƙunci ko toshewa da kuma dawo da kwararar jini.
Don atherosclerosis:
- Aspirin da magungunan rage cholesterol.
- Angioplasty: Ana saka na'urar kamar balan-balan a cikin jijiyar don matse kitse a bango, ta sake buɗe jijiyar. Wani lokaci ana iya sanya stent don ci gaba da buɗe jijiyar.
- Tiyatar wucewa: Tiyatar da ke ƙirƙirar sabuwar hanya don jini ya gudana a kusa da toshewar jijiyar jini.
Don ciwon fitar da thoracic:
- Maganin motsa jiki.
- Magungunan rage radadi (NSAIDs).
- Magungunan da ke narkar da gudan jini (Thrombolytics).
- Magungunan hana zubar jini.
- Tiyata don cire abin da ya kawo cikas.
Don ciwon jijiyar Takayasu:
- Magungunan hana kumburi kamar corticosteroids.
- Magungunan rage garkuwar jiki.
- Angioplasty ko tiyata don buɗe toshewar.
Abubuwan da za mu iya yi don kiyaye wannan daidaito cikin koshin lafiya
Irin abubuwan da kuke yi don kiyaye lafiyar tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, su ne abubuwan da ya kamata ku yi don kiyaye lafiyar jijiyoyin jini na subclavian. Waɗannan abubuwa ne masu sauƙi waɗanda za a iya haɗa su cikin rayuwarku ta yau da kullun.
- Ka kula da hawan jini da kuma yawan sinadarin cholesterol. Ka bi umarnin likitanka da magunguna kamar yadda aka rubuta maka.
- A daina amfani da kayayyakin taba (shan taba) gaba daya.
- Motsa jiki akai-akai. Ko da yin tafiya na minti 30 a rana babban abu ne.
- Kiyaye nauyin jiki mai kyau.
- Ku ci abinci mai kyau.Ku ci ƙarin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, da hatsi gaba ɗaya. Ku rage mai, gishiri, da sukari.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Jijiyar subclavian wani muhimmin jijiya ne da ke isar da jini ga saman jikinmu, musamman hannaye, wuya, da kwakwalwa.
- Kada ka yi watsi da alamun kamar ciwon hannu, jin kasala, jiri, ko canje-canje a hawan jini a hannunka.
- Akwai cututtuka da dama da za su iya shafar wannan ikon, amma yawancinsu suna da magunguna masu inganci.
- Rayuwa mai kyau (abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki, da kuma guje wa shan taba) na iya kare wannan jijiyoyin jini da kuma dukkan tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
- Idan kana da wata shakka ko tambayoyi, kada ka ji tsoron yin magana da likitan iyali game da hakan.
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