Shin kana tunanin tsarin jijiyoyin jini a cikin jikinmu a matsayin hanyar sadarwa ta hanyoyi a cikin babban birni? Wasu hanyoyi manya ne, wasu ƙanana ne. Amma duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna da alaƙa da juna. Don haka a yau za mu yi magana game da wata muhimmiyar 'babban hanya' da ke gudana a saman jikinmu, musamman a ƙarƙashin ƙashin wuya. Wannan ita ce jijiyar Subclavian.
Menene Jijiyoyin Subclavian?
A taƙaice dai, jijiyar subclavian babban jijiya ce mai zurfi wadda ke ɗauke da jinin da ba shi da iskar oxygen, wanda ke ɗauke da shara daga saman jikinka (kamar hannuwanka, kai, da wuyanka) zuwa zuciya. Muna da waɗannan jijiyoyin guda biyu a kowane gefen jikinmu. Wanda ke gefen dama yana kawo jini zuwa hannun dama da na sama, wanda ke gefen hagu kuma yana kawo jini zuwa gefen hagu.
Zagayen jini a jikinmu tsari ne mai ban mamaki. Daga zuciya, jini mai tsarki, mai wadataccen iskar oxygen yana ratsa jijiyoyin jini zuwa dukkan jiki. Bayan haka jini yana samar wa gabobin iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata, aikin jijiyoyin shine tattara jinin da ke dawowa da sharar gida sannan ya dawo da shi zuwa zuciya. Don haka, wannan jijiyar subclavian muhimmin ci gaba ne a cikin wannan tafiyar komawa.
Ka yi tunanin hanyoyi biyu masu layi daya da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa ke tafiya a hanya daya kawai. Hanya daya (jijiya ta subclavian) tana dauke da jini daga zuciya zuwa hannu. Wata hanyar (jijiya ta subclavian), wacce take layi daya da ita, tana dauke da jini daga hannu zuwa zuciya.
Ina wannan jijiyar take?
Duk waɗannan jijiyoyin suna ƙasa da ƙashin wuya (clavicle). A taƙaice, wannan jijiyar tana farawa kusa da kafaɗa, a saman ƙirji, kuma tana lanƙwasa zuwa zuciya.
Domin fahimtar wannan cikin sauƙi, ka yi tunanin kana da babban 'm' da aka zana a ƙirjinka. Kololuwa biyu a saman wannan 'm' su ne jijiyoyin ƙasa da clavian guda biyu.
- Ka yi tunanin layuka biyu (daga hannaye) a ƙarshen harafin 'm' a matsayin jijiyoyin axillary .
- Kololuwa biyu da suka tashi sama da waɗannan layukan biyu su ne jijiyoyin subclavian .
- Layuka biyu masu lanƙwasa da ke saukowa daga waɗannan kololuwa guda biyu su ne jijiyoyin brachiocephalic .
- A ƙarshe, a daidai lokacin da suke saukowa daga tsakiyar harafin 'm', waɗannan jijiyoyin guda biyu sun haɗu don samar da babban jijiyar da ake kira Superior Vena Cava , wadda ke ɗaukar jini kai tsaye zuwa zuciya.
Idan aka duba wannan hanyar, jijiyar ƙasa tana kama da ƙofar shiga babbar hanya yayin da jini daga hannaye da kai ke tafiya zuwa zuciya.
Muhimmancin jijiyar subclavian a cikin maganin likita
Baya ga ɗaukar jini, jijiyar subclavian tana da matuƙar muhimmanci a wasu hanyoyin magani.
- Hanyar shiga tsakiyar jijiyoyin jini:Wani lokaci, musamman a sashin kulawa mai tsanani (ICU), marasa lafiya suna buƙatar ci gaba da shan ruwa ko magunguna. Likitoci za su saka siririn bututu da ake kira catheter ta cikin jijiyar subclavian, kusa da zuciya. Wannan ana kiransa "layin tsakiya." Wannan yana ba da maganin zuwa cikin babban jijiyar, don haka yana sha da sauri cikin jiki.
- Wayoyin na'urar bugun zuciya: Wasu marasa lafiya da ke fama da bugun zuciya mara tsari ana sanya musu na'urar da ake kira na'urar bugun zuciya . Wani lokaci ana amfani da jijiyar subclavian don tura wayoyin wannan na'urar zuwa zuciya.
Amma kana buƙatar yin taka tsantsan sosai lokacin da kake yin abubuwa kamar haka. Domin wani lokacin matsaloli na iya faruwa. Misali, zubar jini, kamuwa da cuta, bugun zuciya mara tsari (Arrhythmia) , toshewar jini a cikin jijiyoyin jini (Venous Thrombosis) , da lalacewar huhu (Pneumothorax) . Saboda haka, likitoci ne kawai waɗanda suka ƙware a wannan fanni za su iya yin waɗannan abubuwan.
Wadanne yanayi ne ke shafar jijiyoyin subclavian?
Akwai manyan cututtuka da dama da ka iya shafar wannan jijiyoyin jini, kuma yana da muhimmanci a san da su.
| Yanayi | Kawai a ce... | Wanda yake shafar & Alamominsa |
|---|---|---|
| Ciwon Zuciya Mai Zurfi (DVT) | Wannan shine lokacin da gudan jini ya taso a cikin babban jijiyar jini, kamar jijiyar subclavian, yana toshe jijiyar. DVT galibi yana faruwa ne a ƙafafu, amma kuma yana iya faruwa a saman jiki. | Mutanen da ke da layukan tsakiya suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar. Idan wannan toshewar jini ya fashe ya toshe jijiyar huhu, zai iya haifar da wata mummunar cuta da ake kira pulmonary embolism . Alamomin: Kumburin hannu, ciwo ko jin nauyi a hannu. |
| Ciwon Paget-Schroetter | Wannan kuma wani nau'in DVT ne. Duk da haka, yana faruwa ne saboda yawan aiki ko kuma yawan motsi. Ana kuma kiransa "Ƙoƙarin Thrombosis". | Sau da yawa yana faruwa ne a cikin mutanen da ke tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 45 waɗanda ke yin wasanni (misali, ninkaya, wasan baseball) ko ɗaga abubuwa masu nauyi a wurin aiki. Wannan yanayin na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar motsa jiki akai-akai, kamar ɗaga hannu sama. Alamomin: kumburi, zafi, da kuma shuɗin hannu. |
Shin gaggawa ne?
Idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin alamomin da aka ambata a sama, kada ka yi watsi da su. Zai iya zama gaggawa ta likita. Je zuwa Sashen Gaggawa na asibiti (ETU) nan da nan. Samun magani cikin gaggawa na iya hana rikitarwa masu haɗari.
Ta yaya muke kiyaye lafiyar jijiyoyinmu?
Akwai wasu abubuwa masu sauƙi da za mu iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar jijiyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin clavian ba kawai ba, har ma da sauran jijiyoyin da ke jikinmu.
- Ka sa tafiya ta zama al'ada: Ka yi ƙoƙarin yin tafiya na akalla mintuna 30 a rana, kwana 5 a mako. Wannan zai inganta zagayawar jini a jiki.
- Kada ka zauna a wuri ɗaya: Idan ka zauna ko ka tsaya a wuri ɗaya na dogon lokaci, tashi ka yi tafiya aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowace awa, kana ba jikinka ɗan motsi.
- Ku ci abinci mai kyau ga zuciya: Ku ci abinci mai kyau wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa hawan jini, cholesterol, da nauyin jiki.
- Sha ruwa mai yawa: Shan ruwan da jikinka ke buƙata yana taimakawa sosai wajen zagayawa jini.
- Kada ka yi watsi da ko da ƙaramin alamar cutar: Idan ka ji kumburi, ciwo, ko nauyi a hannunka, ƙafarka, ko wani wuri, kada ka yi watsi da shi a matsayin ƙaramin abu. Ga likitanka nan da nan don neman shawara. Idan ka gano wata matsala da wuri, za ka iya hana manyan matsaloli tasowa.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Jijiyar subclavian wata muhimmiyar jijiyar da ke ƙarƙashin ƙashin wuyanka wadda ke ɗauke da jini daga saman jiki zuwa zuciya.
- Baya ga zagayawar jini, ana kuma amfani da shi wajen magance matsalolin lafiya kamar su layin tsakiya da na'urorin bugun zuciya.
- Ciwon jijiyoyin jini mai zurfi (DVT) yanayi ne mai haɗari. Kumburi, ciwo, ko shuɗin hannu kwatsam na iya zama alamun gaggawa.
- Rayuwa mai kyau (tafiya, cin abinci mai kyau, shan ruwa mai yawa) na iya kare lafiyar dukkan jijiyoyin jikinka.
- Idan ka lura da wasu canje-canje ko alamu marasa kyau a jikinka, kada ka yi jinkirin yin magana da likitanka game da hakan.
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