Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kēia mau mea e pili ana i kou mau ala ea?

Hanu mau kākou a pau, ʻeā? Akā, ua noʻonoʻo hohonu anei ʻoe i ke komo ʻana o kēia hanu i loko o ko kākou kino, pehea e puka hou mai ai, a he aha nā ala e hele ai ma kēia huakaʻi? E like me nā alanui no nā kaʻa, aia kahi ʻōnaehana kūikawā o nā alanui i loko o ko kākou kino no ka ea a kākou e lawe ai e komo a puka hou. ʻO kēlā mau alanui ka mea a kākou e kapa nei he 'airways' a i ʻole ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania he "airways". He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa kēia o kā kākou ʻōnaehana hanu.

No laila he aha kēia mau ala ea?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kou mau ala ea nā ʻōmole, a i ʻole nā ​​alahele, e ʻae ai i ka ea e komo a haʻalele i kou mau māmā. E noʻonoʻo iā lākou he mau ala holo no nā mokulele e pae a haʻalele. ʻO kēia mau ala kahi e komo ai ka ea waiwai oxygen i kou mau māmā, a ʻo ke kalapona ʻokikene (CO2), kahi huahana ʻōpala e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o nā māmā, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai kou kino.

Ua māhele ʻia kēia mau ala ea i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui:

1. Nā Alanui Kiʻekiʻe: Aia kēia mau mea a puni kou maka, ke poʻo, a me ka ʻāʻī. Ua like lākou me nā papahele kiʻekiʻe o kahi hale. ʻO lākou pū kekahi:

• Nā lua ihu
• Nā lua sinus (`sinuses`)
• ʻO ka ʻāpana o luna o ka puʻu (pharynx)
• Pahu leo ​​(larynx)

ʻO kēia mau ʻāpana kahi e lawe ʻia ai ka ea i loko o ke kino mai ke kaiapuni o waho.

2. Nā Ala Haʻahaʻa: Aia kēia mau mea ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o kou ʻāʻī a me kou umauma. Hoʻopili pololei ʻia lākou i nā māmā. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka ʻōpū hanu (trachea - kapa mākou iā ia he bronchi )
• ʻO ka bronchi nui (ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻōmole nui ʻelua e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka trachea i ʻelua)
• Nā ala ea liʻiliʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻōmole nui e ulu ana i nā ʻōmole liʻiliʻi)

He aha ka lawelawe a nā mokulele e hāʻawi maoli nei iā mākou?

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ke alahele no ka ea. Akā, ma waho aʻe o kēlā, hana kēia mau ala ea i kahi hana koʻikoʻi loa.

• Ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka mahana a me ka makū: E noʻonoʻo e hanu ana ʻoe i kahi lā anuanu. ʻAʻole maikaʻi inā hele pololei kēlā ea anuanu i kou mau māmā. No laila, hoʻomehana kēia mau ala ea i kēlā ea e kūlike me ka mahana o kou kino. Eia kekahi, inā maloʻo ka ea, hoʻohui lākou i ka makū e pono ai iā ia.

• Ka wehe ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka mucus: He miliona mau lauoho liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou mau ala ea. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he cilia. Ua like lākou me nā pulumi liʻiliʻi. Ma ke ala hanu o luna, ke kāohi nei kēia mau mea i nā mea ʻino e like me ka lepo a me nā germs mai ke komo ʻana. Ma ke ala hanu o lalo, hopu kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo mucus i kēia mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. A laila, neʻe ka cilia i luna e like me ka nalu a hoʻokuke i kēia mucus i ka puʻu. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo ka mucociliary escalator. A laila, i ka wā e ʻū ai a ʻū paha mākou, ua kipaku ʻia kēia mucus a me kēlā mau mea ʻino mai ke kino. ʻOiai ʻo ka hana mau ʻana o ka mucus e like me ka mea hoʻonāukiuki, he ala maoli ia no ko mākou kino e pale aku iā ia iho.

• Kōkua i ka ʻōlelo a me ke ʻala: ʻIke anei ʻoe pehea ʻoe e ʻōlelo ai? Ke hanu ʻoe i waho, hele ka ea ma o nā kaula leo i loko o kāu pahu leo ​​(larynx) a haʻalulu lākou, e hana ana i ke kani. Pēlā nō, ke hanu ʻoe i loko, paʻi nā ʻāpana ʻala e hele mai me ka ea i kahi aʻalolo kūikawā ma luna o kou ihu (ke aʻalolo olfactory), a hele kēlā leka i kou lolo, e haʻi ana iā ʻoe, "ʻĀ... he ʻala rose kēlā."

E ʻike pono kākou i nā ʻāpana nui o ke alaea.

Ua kamaʻilio iki kākou e pili ana i nā mea i luna. I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai kēia ala, mai ka ihu a i nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi (alveoli) i loko o nā māmā.

• Lua ihu (i loko o ka ihu)
• ʻO nā sinuses (nā lua i loko o ke poʻo a puni ka ihu)
• ʻĀʻī (pharynx)
• Larynx (pahu leo)
• ʻŌpū makani (trachea)
• ʻO ka bronchi nui (ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻōmole nui ʻelua e māhele ana i ka trachea)
• Nā Bronchioles (nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e māhele ana i nā mea liʻiliʻi)

Hoʻopili hope loa kēia mau ala ea liʻiliʻi i nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi (alveoli) i loko o nā māmā, e like me nā puʻu hua waina. Ma laila e hana ʻia ai ke hoʻololi ʻana o ka oxygen a me ke kalapona ʻokikene.

He aha nā maʻi maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i nā alaea?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia kekahi mau maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopilikia nei i kēia ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻano nui.

1. Nā maʻi mau loa

ʻAʻole kēia he mau maʻi e ulu koke a maikaʻi aʻe, akā, he mau maʻi e mau ana no ka manawa lōʻihi, malia paha no ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

• Asthma: He ʻano kēia e pehu ai a ololi ai nā ala ea, e paʻakikī ai ka hanu ʻana. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe i ka ʻūlū o ko lākou umauma i ka wā e kihe ai lākou.
• Bronchiectasis: ʻO kēia ka wā e nāwaliwali ai nā paia o ke alaea a pehu. Hoʻopaʻakikī kēia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mucus a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi.
• ʻO ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau loa (COPD): He maʻi māmā mau kēia e loaʻa pinepine ana i nā mea puhi paka. Hoʻopilikia ia i nā māmā no ka manawa lōʻihi a paʻakikī ke hanu.
• ʻO Cystic fibrosis: He maʻi hoʻoilina kēia kahi e mānoanoa ai nā mea huna i loko o ke kino, ʻoiai ka mucus, a ālai i nā alaea.

2. Ka mumū o ke ala hanu

He pehu wale nō ka mumū. Hiki i kēia mau ala ea ke pehu no nā kumu like ʻole.

• Nā maʻi: ʻO nā maʻi viral a bacteria paha e like me ka maʻi flū, ke anu, ka niumonia, a me ka COVID-19 hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā alaea ea e pehu.
• Nā Allergies: ʻO nā allergies i nā mea e like me ka lepo, ka pollen, a me kekahi mau meaʻai hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā alaloa ea.

ʻOkoʻa ka inoa o ka maʻi ma muli o kahi o kēia pehu:

• Inā mumū nā alaloa nui: Bronchitis
• Inā pehu nā alaea liʻiliʻi (pinepine i nā keiki ʻōpio): Bronchiolitis
• Inā pehu nā lua sinus: Sinusitis

3. Ke ālai ʻana o ke ala ea (Blockages)

I kekahi manawa, hiki ke ālai ʻia nā ala ea e kekahi mea.

• Nā mea ʻē: ʻO nā keiki ʻōpio, ʻoi aku hoʻi, he maʻalahi ke loaʻa nā ʻāpana mea pāʻani, nā meaʻai e like me nā cashews, a me nā pi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ko lākou ihu a me ka puʻu.
• Nā ulu maikaʻi: I kekahi manawa hiki i nā ulu ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai ke hana i loko o nā alaea a ālai i ke ala.
• Nā puʻupuʻu maʻi kanesa: Hiki i nā mea e like me ke kanesa o ka māmā ke ālai i nā alaloa.
• Ka hāiki ʻana o ke ala ea (`Stenosis`): No kekahi kumu, hiki i kahi ʻāpana o ke ala ea ke lilo i hāiki a paʻa.
• ʻO ka apnea hiamoe obstructive (OSA): ʻO kēia ke ʻano i kapa ʻia e ka poʻe he nui he "snoring." Hiolo ka ʻiʻo palupalu ma ke kua o ka puʻu i ka wā hiamoe, e ālai ana i ke alaloa.

He aha nā hōʻailona maʻamau o nā maʻi hanu?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​​​ma muli paha ia o ka pilikia hanu:

• Ihu paʻa, ihu wai.
• Nā leo ʻē i ka wā e hanu ana. Eia kekahi laʻana, aia paha he leo hū (`wheezing`) a i ʻole he leo ʻino (`stridor`) .
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea) - ke manaʻo nei i ka pōkole o ka hanu a me ka manaʻo o ka ʻūmiʻi ma ka umauma ʻoiai ke piʻi nei i kekahi mau alapiʻi.
• Ka hiamoe nui i ke ao (ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka poʻe me OSA).
• ʻŪ pinepine, i kekahi manawa me ka phlegm.

Mea nui: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e ʻike i ke kauka a noi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua a nā kauka e hana ai e ʻike ai i kēia mau kūlana?

Hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona:

• Endoscopy: He kaʻina hana e hoʻohana ana i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi (scope) me kahi kāmela i hoʻopili ʻia iā ia e nānā i loko o nā ala ea. Inā nānā ia ma o ka ihu, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he nasal endoscopy, a inā nānā ia i loko o ka trachea a me ka bronchi, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he bronchoscopy.
• Nā hoʻokolohua hana pulmonary: ʻO kēia nā hoʻokolohua e ana i nā mea e like me ke ʻano o kou hanu ʻana a me ka hiki o kou mau māmā.
• ʻO ka pulse oximetry: He hoʻāʻo maʻalahi e ana i ka pae oxygen i loko o ke koko ma ke kau ʻana i kahi ʻūmiʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka manamana lima.
• Nā kiʻi X-ray o ka umauma a me nā scan CT: Hiki i kēia ke kiʻi i nā kiʻi maopopo o nā alaloa a me nā māmā e ʻike ai i nā pilikia.
• Nā haʻawina hiamoe: Hana ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka apnea hiamoe (OSA).

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi hanu?

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano lapaʻau ma muli o ka maʻi a me kona koʻikoʻi.

• Nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau:
• E hōʻemi i ka pehu a wehe i nā ala hanu: Hana pinepine ʻia kēia me nā `(inhalers)` (e.g. `inhaled corticosteroids`, `bronchodilators`).
• No nā maʻi: Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā "antivirals" no nā maʻi viral, nā "antibiotics" no nā maʻi bacteria, a me nā "antifungals" no nā maʻi fungal.
• No ke kāohi ʻana i ka pehu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi allergies, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me "Antihistamines" a me "Leukotriene modifiers".

• Inā ua ālai ʻia ke ala ea a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu:
• ʻOki ʻana: Inā ua ālai ʻia ke ala e kahi mea e like me ka puʻupuʻu, pono e wehe ʻia ma ke ʻoki ʻana.
• Hoʻokomo ʻana i ka tubing: I nā hihia o ka paʻakikī nui o ka hanu ʻana, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole (endotracheal tube) ma ka waha a i ʻole ka ihu, a i kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia kahi mīkini (mechanical ventilation / ventilator) e hāʻawi i ka hanu ʻana.
• Tracheostomy (a i ʻole tracheotomy): He hana e hana ʻia ai kahi puka liʻiliʻi ma ke alo o ka ʻāʻī i loko o ka windpipe (trachea) e ʻae ai i ka hanu ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke hana no ka manawa pōkole a mau loa paha.

• No nā poʻe me ka obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): Hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia he mīkini CPAP i ka pō i kou hiamoe ʻana. Hoʻohana kēia i ke kaomi ea e mālama i kou ala ea e wehe.

Pehea e mālama ai i ke olakino o koʻu mau alaea?

"ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻōla ʻana," wahi a lākou. No laila, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ke olakino o ko kākou ala hanu.

• E pale i ka puhipaka a me ka vaping: ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. Hiki i nā kemika i loko o nā cigarettes a me nā huahana vaping ke hōʻeha nui i nā alaloa a me nā māmā. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia hanu, hiki i ka puhipaka ke hoʻonui iā lākou.
• E pale i nā uahi a me nā kinoea ʻino: E pale i ka hanu ʻana i nā mea e like me ka uahi lua, nā uahi kemika, ka ʻōpala o ke kaʻa, a me ka radon (kahi kinoea radioactive carcinogenic). Inā hōʻike kāu hana a i ʻole leʻaleʻa iā ʻoe i ka lepo a i ʻole nā ​​uahi, e hōʻoia e komo i ka pale maka.
• E inu i ka wai nui: ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka wai lawa i ka lā a pau e kōkua i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mucus i loko o ke ala hanu a kōkua iā ia e puka maʻalahi i waho o ke kino.
• E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi: E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai. E uhi i kou waha a me kou ihu me kahi ʻiʻo pepa ke ʻūhā ʻoe a ʻūhū paha. E kiʻi i nā lāʻau pale e pono ai e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka.
• Nā Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Alanui: ʻO kekahi poʻe, ʻoi aku ka poʻe me nā maʻi e like me COPD a i ʻole Bronchiectasis, he paʻakikī ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mucus. Aia kekahi mau ʻano hana kūikawā no lākou, e like me ka huff cough a me ka hoʻōla kino umauma. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau mea.

Leka Hoʻihoʻi Hope Loa

Ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe i kēia manawa ʻaʻole he mau ʻōmole liʻiliʻi wale nō ko kākou mau ala hanu, a i ʻole nā ​​ala hanu. He lawelawe maoli kā lākou no ko kākou kino! Me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia e kākou, pale lākou i ko kākou kino mai nā huakini, kōkua iā kākou e ʻōlelo, a kōkua iā kākou e honi i nā pua nani.

No laila, he mea nui loa ia no kākou a pau e mālama i ia ʻōnaehana waiwai nui. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi loa e hiki ai iā kākou ke hana, ʻo ia ke pale loa i ka puhipaka, pale i ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi ʻino, inu i ka wai he nui, a hana i nā hana e pono ai e pale iā kākou iho mai nā maʻi . E mālama i kou olakino hanu!

ʻAla hanu, Ea lele, hanu ʻana, māmā, mucus, hānō, maʻi hanu