Ke heluhelu ʻoe i kahi nūpepa a i ʻole e nānā i ka ʻaoʻao o ka puka makani, ke nānā aku nei anei nā laina pololei i loko me he mea lā ua kīkoʻo iki ʻia a ua ʻāwili ʻia? Ke nānā aku nei anei kekahi mau wahi i ʻeleʻele a i ʻole he mau hakahaka? Inā manaʻo ʻoe i kekahi mea e like me kēia, mai hoʻowahāwahā wale iā ia. No ka mea, he pilikia paha ia me kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kou mau maka. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi hoʻāʻo maʻalahi loa e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike maʻalahi i ia mau pilikia ma ka home.
He aha kēia Amsler Grid?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka Amsler grid kahi mea hana nānā maka e hiki ke nānā maʻalahi i kekahi mau hewa i kāu ʻike. He pakuhi ia e like me ka lula huinaha. He nui nā huinaha a me nā laina, a me kahi kiko liʻiliʻi ma waenakonu.
I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i ka mea e hana ʻia me kēia. E noʻonoʻo he kāmela ko kākou maka. A laila ʻo ka retina i loko o ka maka ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni o kēlā kāmela. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kiʻi a kākou e ʻike ai ma kēia retina. ʻO ka ʻāpana nui a koʻikoʻi loa o kēia retina e kōkua ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā kiʻi maopopo loa a ʻoi loa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka macula . Ke heluhelu kākou i kahi puke, e nānā i ka maka o kekahi, a i ʻole e hoʻokele i kahi kaʻa, kōkua kēia macula i kēia mau hana akahai.
No laila, inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka macula ma muli o kekahi maʻi, hoʻomaka nā mea a mākou e ʻike ai e ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻē (`metamorphopsia`). ʻIke ʻia nā laina pololei he pohihihi, lilo kekahi mau wahi i mea pohihihi, a ʻike ʻia nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia ka mea a ka Amsler grid e kōkua ai iā mākou e hopu i kēlā mau loli liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole wale kēlā, kōkua pū kekahi e hōʻike i kāu kauka maka i kahi o ka ʻano ʻē āu e ʻike nei. A laila hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi o ka pilikia ma ka macula.
I loko o nā ʻano kūlana hea he mea nui kēia hoʻāʻo?
He mea pono loa ka Amsler grid no ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi kūlana olakino e hoʻopilikia paha i ka ʻili o ka macula a no ka nānā ʻana i nā loli i loko. Ke aʻo aku nei nā kauka i nā poʻe me nā kūlana ma lalo nei e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoiai inā ʻike mua ʻia nā loli, hiki ke pale ʻia ka nalowale mau o ka ʻike maka .
- ʻO ka macular degeneration (nā ʻano maloʻo a me ka pulu)
- Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai ma lalo o ka retina (Central serous retinopathy)
- Neovascularization ( ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou i loko o ka maka )
- Nā kiko ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā hakahaka i ka ʻike (scotomas)
- Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi membrane lahilahi ma luna o ka macula (macular pucker / epiretinal membrane)
- ʻEdema macular cystoid
- ʻO ka edema macular e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes
- Nā ʻōhū kelepa pituitary - Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā pilikia me ka ʻike ma nā maka ʻelua (hemianopia bilateral).
- ʻO ka pōʻino Macular i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ulia maka
- ʻO nā maʻi retinal ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hoʻolilo i ka nalowale koke o ka ʻike
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka Amsler grid e nānā mua i kekahi mau pilikia me ka macula ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka cataract.
Pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka Amsler Grid ma ka home?
He mea maʻalahi loa kēia. Inā hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi pakuhi e like me kēia e hoʻohana ai ma ka home, e hana wale ia e like me kāna ʻōlelo (ʻo ia hoʻi i kēlā me kēia lā). E hahai i nā ʻanuʻu ma lalo nei.
| Nā ʻanuʻu | He aha e hana ai |
|---|---|
| 1. Hoʻomākaukau | Inā ʻoe e komo i nā aniani maka a i ʻole nā aniani hoʻopili maka , e kau iā lākou. E noho ma kahi i hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi ʻia a paʻa i kēia pakuhi ma ka mamao āu e heluhelu mau ai i kahi puke (ma kahi o 12-15 ʻīniha). |
| 2. Ke nānā ʻana i hoʻokahi maka | E pani mālie i kekahi maka me kekahi lima. Me ka maka ʻē aʻe, e nānā wale i ke kiko ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o ka pakuhi. Me ka neʻe ʻole ʻana o kou poʻo, e kau i kou maka ma kēlā kiko. |
| 3. Nā nīnau e nīnau ai iā ʻoe iho | I kou nānā ʻana i ke kiko ma waenakonu, e nīnau iā ʻoe iho i kēia mau nīnau:
|
| 4. Ke nānā ʻana i ka maka ʻē aʻe | I kēia manawa e wehe i ka maka i pani mua ʻia, e pani i ka maka ʻē aʻe, a hana hou i nā ʻanuʻu like i luna no kēlā maka. |
ʻO ka mea nui loa: Inā ʻoe e pane "ʻaʻole" i kekahi o nā nīnau ma luna nei ke lawe ʻoe i kēia hoʻāʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻike nei ʻoe i kekahi mau loli a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe, e ʻike koke i kāu loea maka me ka hoʻokaʻulua ʻole. Mai lawe māmā i kēia.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe o Amsler Grid?
ʻAe. ʻO Marc Amsler, he kauka maka Swiss nāna i hana i ka Amsler grid, ua hoʻolauna i 7 mau ʻano like ʻole o ia mea. Kamaʻilio pinepine mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano mua (Pakuhi 1). Akā he mea pono nō hoʻi nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i nā hihia kūikawā.
- Pakuhi 1: ʻO kēia ke ʻano nui a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. He mau kaha ʻeleʻele kona ma kahi kua keʻokeʻo.
- Pakuhi 2: Ua like kēia me ka mea mua, akā eia kekahi, ua kaha ʻia nā laina diagonal ʻehā mai nā kihi ʻehā a i ke kiko waena. Kōkua kēia i ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi kiko ʻeleʻele ma ke kikowaena o ko lākou ʻike e pale aku i kēlā wahi a kālele i ke kiko waena.
- Pakuhi 3: He mau laina ʻulaʻula kēia ma kahi kua ʻeleʻele. Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike kala.
- Pakuhi 4: Loaʻa i kēia nā kiko keʻokeʻo i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma kahi ʻeleʻele ma kahi o nā laina. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā ʻano hoʻopilikia ʻike maka a me nā kiko ʻeleʻele.
- Pakuhi 5: He mau laina moe wale nō kēia. Aia nā laina keʻokeʻo ma kahi kua ʻeleʻele.
- Pakuhi 6: Ua like kēia me Pakuhi 5, akā me nā laina ʻeleʻele ma kahi hope keʻokeʻo. ʻOi aku ka kokoke o nā laina ma waena ma mua o nā laina ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i nā mea hoʻopilikia maalea loa.
- Pakuhi 7: ʻO nā huinahā ma waenakonu o kēia pakuhi he hapalua ka nui o nā huinahā ma waho, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā loli liʻiliʻi loa i ka ʻike waena.
Pehea lā e ʻike ai kekahi me ka macular degeneration i kēia?
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me ka macular degeneration, ʻike paha ʻoe i nā loli like ʻole ke nānā ʻoe i ka Amsler grid.
E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e nānā ana ʻoe i kahi papahele tile. ʻO ka maʻamau, pololei nā laina ma waena o nā tile. Akā inā he pilikia kou me kou macula, ʻike ʻia paha kēia mau laina e like me ke kīkoʻo ʻia, e like me nā nalu. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi mau laina ua haki ma waenakonu, a i ʻole he wahi ʻeleʻele paha ma ia wahi.
ʻO nā loli nui i ʻike ʻia:
- ʻIke ʻāwili a pōwehiwehi paha.
- Ua mae a ʻeleʻele paha kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka pakuhi.
- Ua hakahaka loa kekahi mau wahi o ka pakuhi, e ʻike ʻia ana he mau kiko ʻeleʻele.
Pehea e pili ana i nā polokalamu kelepona?
I kēia mau lā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā polokalamu kelepona a me nā papa me ka Amsler grid. Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻohana i kekahi o kēia mau mea, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. Hiki iā ia ke haʻi iā ʻoe inā kūpono ia iā ʻoe.
Akā, mai poina i kēia: ʻaʻole loa he pani kahi polokalamu kelepona no ka mālama ola kino. Inā he kānalua a hopohopo paha kāu, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka maka kūpono no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He ala maʻalahi loa, wikiwiki, a ʻeha ʻole ka Amsler grid e hoʻāʻo ai i kāu ʻike waena ma ka home.
- Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā loli mua i nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana i ka macula.
- Inā ua aʻo aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua i kēlā me kēia lā, e hana ia.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli hou i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, e like me nā laina, nā wrinkles, nā kiko ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole nā wahi hakahaka, e hoʻomaopopo koke i kāu kauka maka.
- Ma ka ʻike ʻana i kahi maʻi i ka wā mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i kou ʻike maka makamae a pale i nā pōʻino hou aʻe.
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