ʻO ka lumi hoʻomalu huna o ka lolo e kaohi ana i kāu mau neʻe ʻana, nā hoʻoholo ʻana, a me nā manaʻo (Basal Ganglia)

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e kīkoʻo ana ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi kīʻaha tī. I kēlā manawa, ʻo kou lima wale nō e hele pololei ana i laila, a ʻo ke koena o kou kino ʻaʻole e neʻe, ʻeā? A i ʻole nā ​​hoʻoholo liʻiliʻi āu e hana ai i ka lā a pau, ka hauʻoli āu e manaʻo ai, kāu mau ʻano maʻamau... He mea nui loa kēia mau mea a pau i loko o ka lolo ma hope ona, akā i kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana o ia mea a mākou e kamaʻilio nui ʻole ai. ʻO kēia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Basal Ganglia i ka ʻepekema lapaʻau. ʻOiai he mea ʻē iki ka inoa, he mea kupaianaha loa kāna hana.

He aha ka Basal Ganglia?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā ganglia basal kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā hunaola nerve ma ka ʻāpana hohonu loa o kou lolo. ʻAʻole ia he ʻāpana hoʻokahi wale nō, akā he hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻāpana he nui. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana kekahi i kekahi a kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻaʻike ʻana i nā leka ma waena o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka lolo. Ua like ia me kahi papa kaapuni paʻakikī i loko o kahi mea uila. ʻO kēia papa kaapuni ka mea e ʻae ai i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka lolo e hui pū a hana pū i kahi pahuhopu like.

ʻO kāna hana nui ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā hōʻailona i hoʻouna ʻia mai ka lolo e hoʻoneʻe i kou mau ʻiʻo. Akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna hana ma mua o kēlā.

He aha ka mea e hana nei me kēia?

Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka basal ganglia. Ke ʻike ʻia nei nā mea hou i kēlā me kēia lā. Akā i kēia manawa, ʻike mākou i kekahi mau hana koʻikoʻi.

Ke kāohi nei i nā neʻe ʻana

ʻO kēia ka hana kaulana loa o ka basal ganglia. E ʻōlelo kākou makemake ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi puke. I kēlā manawa, hoʻouna kou lolo i kahi hōʻailona i nā ʻiʻo ma kou lima e ʻōlelo ana, "ʻAe, e kiʻi i ka puke i kēia manawa." Hele kēia hōʻailona ma o ka basal ganglia ma mua o ka hele pololei ʻana i nā ʻiʻo.

He mea nui loa kēia kaʻina hana kānana. No ka mea, ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hana i nā neʻe wale nō a mākou e makemake ai, me ka mālie, me ka ʻole o nā haʻalulu pono ʻole. A i ʻole, ke kīkoʻo ʻoe i kou lima, e wili kou ʻāʻī, e kīkoʻo kou wāwae, a e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā neʻe ʻano ʻē. No laila, ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ke hoʻōki mākou i nā neʻe pono ʻole a ʻae wale i nā neʻe pono e hana mālie ʻia .

Loaʻa pū ka ʻike i ka basal ganglia mai ko kākou mau manaʻo ʻelima (nā maka, nā pepeiao, ka ihu, ke alelo, a me ka ʻili). Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i kēia ʻike e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā kākou neʻe ʻana.

Ka hoʻoholo ʻana a me nā manaʻo

Ma waho aʻe o ka neʻe ʻana, kōkua pū ka basal ganglia i ka hoʻokele ʻana i kāu hoʻoholo ʻana, ka loiloi pilikia, nā manaʻo, a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ke aʻo ʻoe i kahi mea hou, hoʻokumu i nā maʻamau, a hoʻolālā a hoʻokō i kahi hana, pili ka basal ganglia i kēia mau mea āpau.

Ka hauʻoli, nā mea hoʻopilikia a me nā maʻamau

Ke hana ʻoe i kekahi mea, manaʻo ʻoe i ka uku, ʻeā? Pili pū ka basal ganglia i nā kaʻina hana kemika i loko o ka lolo e hoʻopuka ai i kēlā leʻaleʻa. Eia kekahi, no ka mea, ke kāohi nei ia i nā maʻamau a me ka hoʻoikaika e hana i kekahi mea, hoʻopilikia pū ka hana o kēia ʻāpana i nā kūlana e like me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea ʻē aʻe . Ke hāʻawi kekahi mea iā ʻoe i ka leʻaleʻa, hoʻoikaika ʻia ko mākou lolo e hana hou a hou. ʻO ka basal ganglia kahi kikowaena koʻikoʻi e kāohi ana i kēia kaʻina hana.

Aia ma hea kēia mau mea i loko o ka lolo? He aha kēia mau ʻāpana?

Aia nā ganglia basal ma kahi hohonu o ka lolo, kokoke i waenakonu o ka lolo. Ua ʻōlelo mākou ʻaʻole kēia he ʻano hoʻokahi. He nui nā ʻāpana nui. E nānā koke kākou i kēlā mau ʻāpana ma ka papa ma lalo.

Ua pili pū kēia mau ʻāpana, he hoʻonāukiuki kekahi mau hōʻailona a he mea pale kekahi. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana paʻakikī ke kumu e hoʻomalu maikaʻi ai i ko mākou kino.

He aha nā mea i hana ʻia ai kēia mau mea?

Hana ʻia nā ganglia basal i ʻelua ʻano nui o nā pūnaewele i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve.

1. Nā Neuron: ʻO kēia nā "ʻelele" o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve. Hāpai kēia mau cell i nā hōʻailona a puni ka lolo a me ke kino. Aia kekahi mau ʻāpana nui o kahi neuron.

• Kino o ke kelepona: ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ke kelepona.
• ʻAxon: He ʻāpana lōʻihi e like me ka lima e puka ana mai ke kino o ke kelepona. Ma kēia ʻaoʻao e lawe ʻia ai nā hōʻailona.
• Nā Dendrite: Nā hale liʻiliʻi, lālā e loaʻa ana nā hōʻailona mai nā neurons ʻē aʻe.
• Myelin: He ʻupena momona a puni kekahi mau axons e kōkua ana i nā hōʻailona e holo wikiwiki.

2. Nā pūnaewele Glial: Ua like kēia me nā "pūnaewele kōkua" no nā neurons. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻouna pololei i nā hōʻailona, ​​kōkua lākou i ka hānai, pale, a mālama i ka hana kūpono o nā neurons. Aia ma kahi o ʻumi manawa ka nui o nā pūnaewele glial ma mua o nā neurons i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve.

He aha nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ganglia basal?

Ma muli o kā lākou hana ʻana i nā hana koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ganglia basal ke alakaʻi i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea.

Nā hōʻailona maʻamau e hiki ke kū mai ma muli o ka pilikia basal ganglia

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ʻana i kēia wahi ma muli o ka maʻi kumu, akā aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau:

• ʻO ka nalowale o ke kaulike a me nā pilikia hoʻonohonoho.
• Ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka ʻūmiʻi koke ʻana (spasms).
• Nā haʻalulu , ʻoiai i ka wā e hoʻomaha ai.
• Ka hemahema o ka ʻike maka.
• Lilo ka moʻolelo i huikau a maopopo ʻole paha.

Pehea ʻoe e nānā ai i ko lākou kūlana olakino?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona.

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā mea e like me nā mea ʻawahia i loko o ke kino, nā metala kaumaha (e like me ke keleawe a me ka mercury), a me nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale.
• ʻO ke scan CT a me ka MRI scan: Hiki i kēia ke lawe i nā kiʻi maopopo o ka lolo a nānā i nā loli i kona ʻano, nā hōʻino mai kahi puʻupuʻu, a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): He hoʻāʻo e ana i ka hana uila o ka lolo.
• Ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka genetics: No ka ʻike ʻana i nā kūlana hoʻoilina e like me ka maʻi Huntington.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia mau maʻi e pili ana?

ʻO nā koho lapaʻau e hilinaʻi wale ʻia ma kou kūlana kikoʻī. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau "hoʻokahi nui e kūpono i nā mea āpau". Hiki i kahi lāʻau no kekahi kūlana ke hoʻonui i kahi kūlana ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻōla ʻia kekahi mau maʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, pono paha ke ʻoki kino. ʻAʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kekahi mau maʻi. I ia mau hihia, e hoʻāʻo nā kauka e kāohi i kāu mau hōʻailona a kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i kou ola maikaʻi loa. No laila, ʻo kāu kauka wale nō ke hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau maikaʻi loa no kou kūlana.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai e mālama i ke olakino o ka basal ganglia?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke pale aku i nā maʻi āpau e hoʻopilikia ana i ka basal ganglia, nui nā mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ko kākou pilikia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā mea like a kākou e hana ai e mālama i ke olakino o ka lolo a me ke kino holoʻokoʻa he mea nui ia.

• E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike:Hiki i ka nele a i ʻole ka nui o nā huaora a me nā minelala ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana nerve. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka ʻai olakino ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino o ka ʻōnaehana kahe koko. He mea nui loa kēia e pale aku ai i nā maʻi e like me ka hahau ʻana.
• E noho ikaika a mālama i ke kaumaha olakino: ʻO ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha olakino e hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi e hiki ke hōʻino i ka lolo, e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• E komo i nā mea pale: He mea nui loa kēia! ʻO nā ʻeha poʻo, ʻoiai nā haʻalulu, hiki ke hōʻeha mau i nā ganglia basal. No laila, he mea nui e komo i nā pale poʻo pale, e like me ka mahiole, i ka wā e holo paikikala ana, nā mokokaikala, e pāʻani ana i kekahi mau haʻuki, a i nā hana weliweli.
• E hoʻokele i kou mau maʻi mau loa: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi lōʻihi e like me ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ke koko kiʻekiʻe, e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka a lawe i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana a i ʻole ka kaohi ʻana i ka pōʻino e hiki ai i kēia mau maʻi ke hana i kou lolo.

He ʻāpana kupaianaha a koʻikoʻi loa nā ganglia basal o ko kākou lolo. Ke aʻo nei nā kānaka ʻepekema e pili ana i ia mea. Akā, ʻo ka mea a kākou e ʻike nei, ʻo ia ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o kēia ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i nā ʻano āpau o ko kākou ola. No laila, ʻo ko kākou kuleana ke mālama iā ia a mālama iā ia i ke olakino.