Manaʻo ʻoe he nui loa kou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka erythrocytosis!

Ke luhi nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa, ke poʻo ʻeha, a i ʻole ke manaʻo nāwaliwali? ʻAʻole mākou e nānā nui i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi, ʻeā? Eia nō naʻe, inā piʻi ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou kino ma mua o ka pae i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea a nā kauka e kapa nei he erythrocytosis a i ʻole polycythemia , hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona. He mea kēia e hopohopo iki ai ʻoe i kekahi manawa. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio kikoʻī mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka erythrocytosis, no ke aha e hana ai, a me nā mea hiki ke hana ʻia e pili ana i ia mea.

He aha ka erythrocytosis maoli?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka Erythrocytosis ka wā e loaʻa ai i kou koko kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻulaʻula koko (Erythrocytes) ma mua o ka maʻamau. E like me kou ʻike, ua hana ʻia ko mākou koko i ʻelua ʻāpana. ʻO kekahi ka ʻāpana paʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻulaʻula koko, nā keʻokeʻo koko, a me nā platelets. ʻO kekahi ʻāpana ka ʻāpana wai, a mākou e kapa nei he plasma. I ka erythrocytosis, piʻi ka helu o nā ʻulaʻula koko e pili ana i ka ʻāpana wai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka plasma.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻāʻo koko, e ʻike ʻoe i ʻelua mau waiwai ma ka hōʻike: Hematocrit a me Hemoglobin .

• Hematocrit (HCT): Hōʻike kēia iā ʻoe i ka pakeneka o kou koko he mau ʻulaʻula koko.
• Hemoglobin (HB): He protein koʻikoʻi loa kēia i loaʻa i loko o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma o ko kākou kino.

I loko o ka erythrocytosis, ʻoi aku paha ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi a ʻelua paha o kēia mau hematocrit a me ka hemoglobin ma mua o ka maʻamau.

Pehea ka hopena o kēia hoʻonui ʻia o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i ke kino?

He mea nui nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula no ko kākou kino. Lawe lākou i ka oxygen mai nā māmā a i kēlā me kēia hunaola a me nā ʻiʻo o ke kino. ʻO ia ke kumu e hānai ʻia ai a olakino ai ko kākou mau ʻiʻo.

Eia nō naʻe, inā piʻi nui kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia. Aia ia i ke kumu o ka piʻi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. He liʻiliʻi loa kekahi mau hopena. Hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo wale i nā mea e like me ke poʻo ʻeha a me ka luhi. Eia nō naʻe, inā piʻi nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula no kekahi mau kumu koʻikoʻi, hoʻomaka ke koko e mānoanoa. A laila aia kahi pilikia o nā kūlana weliweli e like me ke koko ʻana, ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana .

ʻO ia ke kumu, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēlā mau hōʻailona, ​​​​he mea nui loa ia e ʻike i ke kauka e ʻike i ke kumu pololei. A laila wale nō hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka lāʻau kūpono, hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona, ​​​​a pale aku paha i nā kūlana weliweli.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka erythrocytosis?

Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā ʻulaʻula koko, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka erythrocytosis i ʻelua mau ʻano:

1. Erythrocytosis Loa: ʻO kēia ka manawa e ʻoi aku ai ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i hana ʻia i loko o kou kino ma mua o ka maʻamau.

2. Erythrocytosis pili: ʻO kēia ka manawa e maʻamau ai ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, akā ua emi ka nui o ka plasma i loko o ke koko, no laila ua ʻike ʻia ua piʻi aʻe ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e luaʻi nui a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diarrhea a nalowale ka nui o ka wai mai kou kino, e emi ana ke kahe o kou koko. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano i nā manawa e like me kēia.

Ua māhele ʻia ka Erythrocytosis piha i ʻelua ʻano, ma muli o ke kumu:

ʻErythrocytosis mua

Aia ka pilikia ma ko kākou iwi ʻiʻo. E like me kou ʻike, ʻo ka iwi ʻiʻo ka hale hana nui i loko o ko kākou kino e hana ana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No laila, ma kēia erythrocytosis mua, ma muli o kahi kīnā genetic i loko o nā hunaola kumu (nā hunaola progenitor) i loko o ka iwi ʻiʻo, piʻi nui ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula me ka hiki ʻole ke kāohi ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻoilina ʻia kēia kīnā genetic (ma ke ʻano he kīnā hānau), a i ʻole hiki ke hana ʻia i ka wā o ke ola.

• ʻO ka Erythrocytosis Mua i Loaʻa: ʻO kahi laʻana maikaʻi o kēia he kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo Polycythemia Vera . Hoʻohuihui ka poʻe he nui i ka Erythrocytosis a me ka Polycythemia Vera ma ke ʻano he maʻi like. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like lāua. ʻO ka Polycythemia Vera kahi kūlana kikoʻī a koʻikoʻi loa e hoʻoulu ai i ka Erythrocytosis.
• ʻO ka Erythrocytosis Mua i hoʻoilina ʻia: I kekahi manawa, ʻo nā hemahema i nā genes i hoʻoilina ʻia mai nā mākua mai hiki ke hana i ka iwi iwi e hana i nā ʻulaʻula he nui.

ʻErythrocytosis lua

ʻAʻole ka pilikia ma ʻaneʻi i loko o ka iwi ʻiʻo, akā i loko o kahi mea ʻē aʻe ma waho o ka iwi ʻiʻo. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻo ka erythrocytosis lua ke kumu o ko mākou kino e hana nui ana i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo erythropoietin , a i ʻole EPO . He ʻelele kemika ʻo 'EPO'. ʻO ia ka mea e haʻi aku i ka iwi ʻiʻo e "hana i nā ʻulaʻula hou aʻe."

E noʻonoʻo, he maʻi māmā kou a he maʻi puʻuwai paha. A laila, haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka oxygen i loaʻa i ke kino. I kēlā manawa, hoʻāʻo ke kino e hana hou aku i ka hormone `EPO`, a ma o ia mea, hoʻoulu i ka iwi iwi e hana hou aku i nā ʻulaʻula. No ka mea, lawe nā ʻulaʻula i ka oxygen. Eia naʻe, inā hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā ʻulaʻula ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke hana i ka erythrocytosis lua. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia erythrocytosis lua e kekahi mau kūlana genetic, akā ʻaʻole kēlā mau kīnā genetic nā mea i loko o ka iwi iwi.

Pehea e nānā ai i nā ana koko e ʻike ai inā he erythrocytosis kou?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i manaʻo ʻia he maʻamau mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. Nui nā kumu e hoʻopilikia i kēia, me kou mau makahiki, inā he kāne a he wahine paha ʻoe, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wahi āu e noho ai (inā paha ʻoe ma ka ʻilikai a i ʻole ma kahi mauna).

ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka erythrocytosis i nā pākeke e ka piʻi ʻana o ka hematocrit (HCT) a me/a i ʻole hemoglobin (HB). Hiki ke ana ʻia kēia mau waiwai me kahi hoʻāʻo koko i kapa ʻia ʻo "Complete Blood Count (CBC)".

No nā kāne:

• Hematocrit (HCT): Inā ʻoi aku ma mua o 50%
• Hemoglobin (HB): Inā ʻoi aku ma mua o 17.5 g/dL

No nā wahine hāpai ʻole:

• Hematocrit (HCT): Inā ʻoi aku ma mua o 45%
• Hemoglobin (HB): Inā ʻoi aku ma mua o 15.3 g/dL

He mea nui: He alakaʻi maʻamau wale nō kēia mau waiwai. E hoʻoholo pono kāu kauka inā he erythrocytosis kou ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

He aha nā kumu o ka Erythrocytosis pili?

ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka wai i loko o ke kino, ka mea e emi ai ke kahe o ke koko (plasma) a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No laila, ʻo ke kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai .

• Luaʻi nui
• Ka maʻi pākī
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, no ka laʻana, nā diuretics (nā lāʻau lapaʻau e wehe ai i ka wai mai ke kino) (Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea no ke koko kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai).

Ma muli o ia mau kumu, hiki ke emi ka nui o ka wai i loko o ke kino a hoʻoulu i ka erythrocytosis pili.

He aha nā kumu o ka Erythrocytosis Absolute?

ʻElua mau kumu like ʻole no kēia: ke kumu mua a me ka lua.

Nā kumu o ka erythrocytosis mua:

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia kēia e kahi kīnā genetic e hoʻopilikia ai i ka iwi iwi.

• ʻO Polycythemia Vera a me nā Neoplasms Myeloproliferative ʻē aʻe: ʻO kēia nā kūlana kahi e hoʻohua nui ai ka iwi iwi i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a me nā hunaola koko ʻē aʻe. ʻO Polycythemia Vera ka mea maʻamau o kēia.
• Nā kīnā hānau: Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hānau ʻia me kahi kīnā genetic e hoʻoulu ai i ka iwi iwi e hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula he nui.

Nā kumu o ka erythrocytosis lua:

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka piʻi ʻana o ka hormone `EPO`.

• Nā kūlana e hōʻemi ai i ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo:
• Maʻi ʻeha o ka māmā (e.g. bronchitis mau, emphysema)
• Maʻi puʻuwai (e.g. nā kīnā puʻuwai hānau)
• ʻAneʻane hiamoe
• Hemoglobinopathy: ʻO kēia nā kūlana kahi i hiki ʻole ai i ka protein hemoglobin i loko o nā ʻulaʻula koko ke lawe pono i ka oxygen ma muli o kahi kīnā.
• Nā maʻi puʻupaʻa a me nā hoʻoili ʻana:
• ʻO ka Renal Artery Stenosis (ka hoʻohaiki ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻolako ana i nā puʻupaʻa)
• ʻO ka Hydronephrosis (ka pehu ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka mimi)
• Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano i kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa.
• Nā Tumors: Hiki i kekahi mau tumors maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā ʻōpū ʻaʻole maʻi ʻaʻai ke hūnā i ka hormone EPO keu.
• Nā puʻupuʻu maʻi ʻaʻai: Renal Cell Carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Parathyroid Carcinoma.
• Nā puʻupuʻu ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa: Uterine Fibroids, Pheochromocytoma, Meningioma.
• ʻO ka lāʻau make kalapona monoxide a me ka puhipaka: Hiki i ka puhipaka nui ke hana i ka lāʻau make kalapona monoxide, hiki ke hoʻemi i ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo.
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau:
• Nā Steroids Anabolic (i lawe ʻia e nā mea pāʻani e hoʻonui i ka ikaika)
• Ke lawe nei i ka hormone testosterone.

He aha nā hōʻailona e hiki i kahi kanaka me ka erythrocytosis ke ʻike?

ʻO nā hōʻailona āu e ʻike ai (a me ke koʻikoʻi o lākou) e pili ana i ke kumu o kāu erythrocytosis. No ka laʻana, hiki i kekahi me ka erythrocytosis lua ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• ʻEha poʻo
• Huikau, pilikia i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana
• Ka paʻakikī e hiamoe ana
• Manaʻo nāwaliwali, luhi

ʻO ke kanaka me ka erythrocytosis mua (ʻoi aku ka polycythemia vera) hiki ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi:

• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe
• Ka hou nui ʻana i ka pō
• ʻO ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole
• ʻEha nui, pehu, a me ka ʻulaʻula i nā hono (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he gout )
• Nā pilikia koko (ka ihu pinepine, ke koko a i ʻole ka ʻeha mai kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi)
• ʻIli ʻili (hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻili, ʻoiai ma hope o ka ʻauʻau wela)
• ʻO ka maneʻo o nā lālā, he manaʻo e like me nā ʻanuʻu e holo ana a puni
• ʻUlaʻula me ka mumū ma ka maka, nā lima, a me nā wāwae.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i ka erythrocytosis?

E ho'āʻo mua kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke kumu o kāu helu koko koko kiʻekiʻe, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana like ʻole.

ʻO ka mea mua, e nīnau lākou e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino, nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai, kou nohona (e.g., ke puhipaka nei ʻoe), a me kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​a e nānā no ka erythrocytosis pili (ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka emi ʻana o ka plasma i loko o ke koko). E hana pū lākou i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino.

ʻO ka mea aʻe e nānā ai inā he mua a lua paha kāu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe me ka ʻike i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia nei?

• Helu Koko Piha (CBC): Hiki i kēia ke nānā i kāu helu koko ʻulaʻula, hemoglobin (HB), a me nā pae hematocrit (HCT).
• ʻO ka Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS): Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi kulu koko a nānā i nā ʻāpana ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he ʻano ʻē ko lākou ʻano a i ʻole ka nui. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me Polycythemia Vera, e ʻike paha ʻoe i nā ʻāpana ʻē.
• Nā Hoʻāʻo Hana o nā Pūpū a me ke Ake: Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo inā he maʻi pūpū a i ʻole kahi puʻupuʻu e hana nui ana i ka EPO.
• Pulse Oximetry: Ke ana nei kahi sensor liʻiliʻi i kau ʻia ma ka manamana lima i ka pae oxygen i loko o ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kūlana e nā mea e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole ka maʻi māmā.
• Ke nānā ʻana i ka pae o ka erythropoietin (EPO): Inā haʻahaʻa ka pae o ka `EPO`, he erythrocytosis mua paha ia, inā kiʻekiʻe ka pae o ka `EPO`, he erythrocytosis lua paha ia.
• Urinalysis: Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana mimi e nānā i nā mea ʻē. Inā he mau hunaola ʻulaʻula i loko o ka mimi, ma muli paha ia o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa.

Inā kānalua ke kauka i kahi kūlana kikoʻī, e like me ka polycythemia vera, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, e like me ka biopsy iwi iwi .

Pehea e mālama ai i ka erythrocytosis?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ke kumu o ka erythrocytosis. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kāohi a hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona. I nā hihia o ka erythrocytosis i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kumu koʻikoʻi, hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pale aku i nā kūlana weliweli e like me nā ʻūpā koko.

• Phlebotomy a i ʻole Venesection:

ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no ka polycythemia vera. Ua like ia me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko, akā pili ia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aʻa koko a me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a me ka nui o ke koko i kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻAʻole koi pinepine ka erythrocytosis lua i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau:
• No nā poʻe i pilikia nui i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo e lawe i ka aspirin haʻahaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā.
• Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻemi ana i ka helu o nā ʻula koko ʻulaʻula:
• ʻO ka Hydroxycarbamide `(Hydroxycarbamide)`
• ʻO Hydroxyurea `(Hydroxyurea)`
• ʻO Busulfan
• ʻO ka Interferon alfa `(Interferon alfa)`
• ʻO Ruxolitinib

E kuhikuhi kāu kauka i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kūpono i kou kūlana. E kuhikuhi pū lākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kūlana kumu, ma muli o ke kumu kumu o kou erythrocytosis.

Inā loaʻa iaʻu kēia maʻi, he aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai?

E hilinaʻi kou ʻike i ke kumu o kou erythrocytosis a me kona koʻikoʻi. No ka laʻana, ʻo kekahi mau kūlana hoʻoilina o ka erythrocytosis mua e hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi wale nō a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, e like me ka polycythemia vera, pono paha e mālama ʻia no ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka hahai pono ʻana i nā kuhikuhi a kāu kauka. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau hoʻololi nohona e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe:

• Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha o ke kino olakino.
• Inā he koko kiʻekiʻe kou, e kaohi iā ia.
• Mai hele i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe loa (nā wahi mauna) i ka hiki.

Āhea wau e hele koke ai i ka haukapila (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e pili ana i ka erythrocytosis e hoʻoweliweli iā ʻoe no nā ʻūpā koko, he mea nui e makaʻala i nā hōʻailona o kahi ʻūpā koko. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau:

• ʻO ka Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Ka pehu ʻana, ka ʻeha, a me ka ʻulaʻula ma kekahi wāwae.
• ʻO ke koko paʻa i loko o nā māmā (Pulmonary Embolism - PE): ʻEha ka umauma, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana, manaʻo poniuniu.
• Hahau: Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ke kaulike, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka maneʻo ʻana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino.
• Hoʻouka Puʻuwai: ʻEha ka umauma, pōkole ka hanu, manaʻo poniuniu, hou.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike koke i ke kauka me ka hoʻokaʻulua ʻole.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻO ka erythrocytosis ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou koko. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mea liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole i kekahi manawa he hōʻailona ia o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi.

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē (ʻoi aku ka luhi mau, ka ʻeha poʻo, ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana), e ʻike i ke kauka.
• E hoʻoholo ke kauka i ke kumu pololei o kou helu koko ʻulaʻula kiʻekiʻe.
• I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā hoʻololi maʻalahi o ke ʻano o ka nohona (e like me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai, ka mālama ʻana i ka dehydration) ke hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia.
• Inā hana ʻia ka erythrocytosis e kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi, e nānā mau kāu kauka iā ʻoe a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai.

He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i kou olakino, no laila inā he mau hopohopo kāu, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio me ke kauka.

ʻErythrocytosis , polycythemia, nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hemoglobin, hematocrit, ke koko ʻana, ka iwi ʻiʻo