Ke ʻōlelo nei kāu hōʻike umauma (BI-RADS)? Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ke ʻano o ia mea? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā kikoʻī!

I kou loaʻa ʻana o kahi ultrasound, mammogram, a i ʻole MRI o kou umauma, ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo BI-RADS ma ka hōʻike. A i ʻole ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i ia mea. No laila, no nā poʻe he nui, he mea maʻa iki kēia, no laila e huikau iki paha lākou a nīnau, "He aha kēia BI-RADS?" Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea me ka maʻalahi a me ka maopopo.

He aha ka BI-RADS? No ke aha i hoʻohana ʻia ai?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo BI-RADS kahi pōkole no nā huaʻōlelo Pelekania "Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System" . Ma ka ʻōlelo Sinhala, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi mea e like me "Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System". He ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi loa kēia. No ka mea, ʻaʻole wale ma Sri Lanka, akā ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, hoʻohana nā radiologists (ʻo ia hoʻi, nā kauka e hana i nā scan e like me (Ultrasound), (Mammogram) a kālailai i kā lākou mau hopena) i kēia ʻōnaehana e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻike ma kāu mau hōʻike hoʻokolokolo umauma.

E noʻonoʻo, ua hana ʻia kahi mammogram ma kekahi wahi, a ua hana kekahi ma kahi ʻē aʻe. Pehea ka huikau inā ʻaʻole kamaʻilio nā kānaka a pau e pili ana i kēlā mau hopena ma ke ʻano like, ma ka ʻōlelo like? Ua hoʻolauna ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana BI-RADS ma ke ʻano he hopena no kēlā pilikia.

ʻElua mau kumu nui no ka hoʻolauna ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana:

1. Hoʻonohonoho i ka hōʻike ʻana: E hoʻokumu i kahi ala maʻamau no nā radiologists e hōʻike i nā ʻike mai nā hoʻokolohua umauma. E hōʻoia kēia e hoʻomaopopo like nā mea āpau, ma hea lākou ma ka honua. E hōʻemi nui kēia i ka pilikia o nā kuhi hewa.

2. E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma: Ke hōʻike nei i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma ke ʻano e maʻalahi ai iā ʻoe a me nā kauka ʻē aʻe e mālama iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo.

ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike pololei i ka hōʻailona (BI-RADS) i loko o kāu moʻolelo lapaʻau uila ((Electronic Medical Record)). Eia nō naʻe, aia nō ia ma ka moʻolelo a kāu kauka. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i ke ʻano o kāu hōʻailona (BI-RADS) a me kona manaʻo. ʻO kou kuleana kēia.

He aha nā māhele BI-RADS? He aha ka ʻōlelo a kāu mau helu?

ʻO ka maʻamau, ua helu ʻia nā māhele BI-RADS mai ka ʻole (0) a i ka ʻeono (6). ʻO kēia ka ʻōnaehana like i hoʻohana ʻia me ka nānā ʻole i ka hoʻokolohua umauma āu i loaʻa ai (Mammogram, Ultrasound, MRI). Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka helu BI-RADS āu e loaʻa ai, ʻokoʻa paha kāu mālama hahai. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi Mammogram a loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi helu BI-RADS, hiki i kāu kauka ke paipai i kahi Mammogram, Ultrasound, MRI, a i ʻole Biopsy ʻē aʻe (ua wehe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana).

E nānā kākou i ka mea a kēlā me kēia mau mahele e ʻōlelo wale nei:

• BI-RADS 0: ʻAʻole i piha
• ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hoʻāʻo ke hōʻea i kahi hopena piha a pono ka ʻike hou aku. Pono paha e hoʻohālikelike i nā hōʻike (Mammogram) ma mua, a i ʻole e noi ʻia ʻoe e hana i nā hiʻohiʻona (Mammogram) kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻokolohua (Ultrasound). ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo he hewa kekahi mea, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻike.

• BI-RADS 1: Maikaʻi ʻole
• ʻO kēia ka hopena maikaʻi loa! ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻohe puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli i loaʻa i kou mau umauma. He mea maʻamau nā mea āpau. Manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua umauma maʻamau ((Routine screening)) i ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia.

• BI-RADS 2: Ka Loaʻa ʻana o ka Maikaʻi
• He hopena maikaʻi nō hoʻi kēia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, inā loaʻa kekahi mea i loko o ka umauma (no ka laʻana, he cyst piha i ka wai, he puʻupuʻu ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa e like me ka fibroadenoma), ʻaʻole ia he maʻi kanesa a ʻaʻole ia he maʻi ʻino . ʻAʻohe mea e hopohopo ai inā he mau mea like. I kēia hihia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi e nānā i nā umauma i ka manawa maʻamau.

• BI-RADS 3: Manaʻo ʻia paha ka hahai ʻana i ka wā pōkole a maikaʻi hoʻi
• ʻO ke ʻano kēia, he 98% paha ka mea i loaʻa he maʻi kanesa, ʻo ia hoʻi he maʻi ʻole paha . Eia nō naʻe, no ka maopopo 100%, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hana hou i kahi hoʻāʻo (Mammogram a Ultrasound paha) ma kahi o 6 mau mahina. ʻO kēia ke ʻike inā e loli a nui paha ka mea i loaʻa i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, e mau ana kēia mau mea a nalowale paha. No laila, mai hopohopo.

• BI-RADS 4: He ʻano kānalua, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka Biopsy
• ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona e hopohopo ai nā kānaka he nui. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia, aia kahi manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai ka mea i loaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana he maʻi kanesa, no laila he mea kānalua ia . Akā, ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻo BI-RADS 4 he maʻi kanesa. Hiki i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa ke piʻi mai 2% a 95%. No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi (Biopsy), ʻo ia hoʻi ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo a nānā iā ia, e ʻike pono i kēia mea i loaʻa.
• Ua māhele hou ʻia ka māhele BI-RADS 4 i ʻekolu mau hui liʻiliʻi (4A, 4B, 4C), e hōʻike ana i kahi pilikia haʻahaʻa, waena, a me ka piʻi iki ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa. E haʻi hou aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēia. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole e makaʻu i nā hopena o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi (Biopsy), akā e hana ia a ʻike pono.

• BI-RADS 5: Manaʻo nui ʻia no ka maʻi ʻino, Paipai ikaika ʻia ka Biopsy
• ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka mea i loaʻa.He kiʻekiʻe loa ka likelika o ka maʻi kanesa ((Malignancy)) (ʻoi aku ma mua o 95%). No laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hana i kahi (Biopsy) e hōʻoia i kēia. He mea kaumaha ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia hopena, akā he mea nui e hana i kahi hōʻoia pololei a hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hikiwawe loa.

• BI-RADS 6: ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi ʻino i hōʻoia ʻia e ka Biopsy
• Hoʻohana ʻia kēia māhele no nā hoʻokolohua i loaʻa mua iā ʻoe kahi biopsy e hōʻoia i loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a ke mālama ʻia nei no ia . No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia kēia hōʻailona i nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana e ʻike i ka nui o ke kanesa a pehea e pane ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ua hoʻolauna mua ʻia ka ʻōnaehana BI-RADS i ka makahiki 1993 e ke Kulanui ʻAmelika o Radiology (ACR) e hoʻohālikelike i nā hōʻike mammography. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ma hope no MRI a me ultrasound. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohana ai nā radiologists a puni ka honua i ka huaʻōlelo like i ka wā e kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua umauma.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana 'BI-RADS'?

Aia kekahi mau pono nui i kēia ʻano hana:

• Hoʻohālikelike: E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, hōʻike like nā radiologists i nā ʻike ma ke ʻano like, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo like. Hoʻomaikaʻi kēia kūlike i ka maikaʻi o nā hōʻike a hōʻemi i nā kuhi hewa. ʻOiai inā ʻoe e hele mai kekahi kauka a i kekahi, maʻalahi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hōʻike.
• Ka loiloi pilikia: Hāʻawi ke ʻano hana (BI-RADS) i kahi kuhi kūpono o kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻolālā i ka wikiwiki ((Urgency)) e pono ai e hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua aʻe.
• Ka Pono: Ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hopena hoʻāʻo ma kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole pono nā radiologists e wehewehe i kā lākou mau ʻike ma nā ʻano like ʻole i kēlā me kēia manawa. Mālama kēia i ka manawa a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana.

E noʻonoʻo, inā ʻōlelo kāu hōʻike "BI-RADS 2", ʻo ʻoe, kāu kauka ʻohana, a me kāu kauka oncology ( inā pono ) e maopopo koke i ke ʻano o ia mea. ʻO ia ka mea maʻalahi loa o kēia.

Aia kekahi mau hemahema i ka ʻōnaehana 'BI-RADS'?

ʻOiai he ala kūpono kēia, aia kekahi mau palena a me nā hemahema:

• Ke kumuhana: Aia kekahi wahi no ka hoʻoholo pilikino a me ka ʻike o ka radiologist i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai i kahi māhele e pili ana i ka mea i loaʻa ma kahi scan. Inā nānā nā kānaka ʻelua i ka scan like, ʻaʻole paha he ʻokoʻa loa .
• Nā hopena wahaheʻe: ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena wahaheʻe.- ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻike ʻia paha ʻaʻohe maʻi kanesa - a i ʻole he mau hopena wahaheʻe paha - ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hala i ka maʻi kanesa ʻoiai aia ma laila. Inā hana ʻia kēia, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hopohopo pono ʻole a hoʻopaneʻe paha i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. Akā, e hoʻomanaʻo, he mea kakaikahi loa kēia.
• ʻAʻole kikoʻī: ʻOiai ke wehewehe nei kēia ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hopena hoʻāʻo i ka loaʻa kānalua, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia nā kikoʻī hou aʻe e pili ana i ka loaʻa kānalua (e like me kona nui, ke ʻano, kahi) e ka lepili (BI-RADS) wale nō. Ua helu ʻokoʻa ʻia kēia mau kikoʻī ma ka hōʻike.

Hiki iā BI-RADS ke haʻi pololei inā he maʻi kanesa? ʻO ke ʻano o BI-RADS 4 anei ke kanesa?

He pilikia nō hoʻi kēia no nā kānaka he nui. ʻAʻole hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻōnaehana "BI-RADS" i kahi maʻi kanesa ( "Classification") a ʻaʻole hoʻi e haʻi i ke kahua o ke kanesa ( "Staging"). ʻO ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ka māhele "BI-RADS 6". No ka mea, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hōʻoia mua ʻia ke alo o ke kanesa e kahi "Biopsy".

ʻO nā māhele ʻē aʻe "BI-RADS" (ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo 3, 4, a me 5) e hōʻike wale ana i ka hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi kanesa . No ka laʻana, ʻo "BI-RADS 3" ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole kānalua ka ʻike, akā pono ʻoe e nānā hou ʻia i loko o 6-12 mau mahina.

ʻO ka nīnau koʻikoʻi loa: Ke ʻano nei anei ʻo BI-RADS 4 i ka maʻi kanesa?

ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻo BI-RADS 4 he maʻi kanesa kou. ʻO ia hoʻi, aia kekahi mea ʻē a kānalua paha i kāu mau hopena hoʻāʻo, no laila ua ʻōlelo ʻia he (Biopsy) e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o ia mea. E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa umauma ma ka māhele BI-RADS 4 mai 2% a 95%. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, i ka wā e hana ʻia ai kahi (Biopsy), ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole ia he maʻi kanesa i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe. No laila, mai hoʻonāwaliwali a hopohopo paha ke ʻike ʻoe iā BI-RADS 4.

He mea maʻamau ka manaʻo huikau a loaʻa nā nīnau he nui ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi hopena hoʻāʻo kūpono ʻole. ʻOi loa aku i ka wā paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mea i loko o ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo. ʻO ia kahi e komo mai ai ka ʻōnaehana "(BI-RADS)". Ua lawe mai ia i kahi kūlana i nā huaʻōlelo a me nā māmalaʻōlelo e kū mai ana ma kāu hōʻike hoʻokolohua umauma. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe i kahi ʻike maopopo i ka manaʻo o ka radiologist e pili ana i kāu mau hopena hoʻāʻo.

ʻO ka mea nui loa e pono ai kākou e aʻo mai kēia (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, no laila, mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai, eia nā mea nui loa e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo:

• ʻO (BI-RADS) kahi ʻano hana no ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hopena o nā hōʻike hoʻokolokolo umauma ((Mammogram), (Ultrasound), (MRI)) ma ke ʻano maʻamau.
• ʻO ia ka mea e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo paʻakikī o kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa.
• Loaʻa i ka (BI-RADS) nā helu mai ka 0 a i ka 6. ʻAʻole nā ​​helu a pau e hōʻike ana he loaʻa ka maʻi kanesa.
• He mau hopena maikaʻi ʻo 'BI-RADS 1' a me '2', ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo ai.
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka BI-RADS 0 he pono ka ʻike hou aku.
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka "BI-RADS 3" he maikaʻi paha ia, akā pono ʻoe e nānā hou i kekahi manawa.
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka BI-RADS 4 a i ʻole 5 he mea kānalua ia, no laila pono e hana ʻia kahi (Biopsy). ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻo BI-RADS 4 he maʻi ʻaʻai ia.
• He hōʻailona ʻo BI-RADS 6 i hoʻohana ʻia no kekahi i ʻike mua he maʻi kanesa ko lākou.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka hōʻailona "BI-RADS" a me kona manaʻo no kou kūlana, me ka nānā ʻole i ka hoʻokolokolo umauma āu e hana ai. Hiki iā lākou ke pane i nā nīnau a hopohopo paha āu.

He mea maʻamau ka hopohopo a me ka hopohopo e pili ana i nā hopena hoʻokolohua āu e loaʻa ai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻike kūpono a me ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka e kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo maikaʻi loa e pili ana i kou olakino.

ʻO ke kanesa o ka umauma, BI-RADS, mammogram, ultrasound, MRI, scan umauma, pilikia o ke kanesa