ʻO ka Blastocyst i kahi pōkole: ʻO ka hana mua i ka hāpai olakino (Blastocyst)

Inā ʻoe kekahi e manaʻolana nei e loaʻa nā keiki, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e mālama ʻia ana no ka hānau ʻole ʻana, ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo 'Blastocyst' mai kāu kauka. Lohe pinepine ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo, ʻoiai ke kamaʻilio nei e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me IVF. Ke lohe ʻoe i kēia, me he mea lā he ʻepekema iki a paʻakikī iā ʻoe. Akā, mai makaʻu. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kēia ka hoʻomaka liʻiliʻi loa, akā he mea nui loa o kou manaʻolana. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio maʻalahi a aloha mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia Blastocyst, kāna hana, a me kona koʻikoʻi no ka hāpai ʻana.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Blastocyst?

E noʻonoʻo, ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o ka hua manu o kahi wahine olakino e ka sperm o ke kāne olakino, ʻo ka cell mua e hana ʻia ua kapa ʻia ʻo zygote. Hoʻomaka kēlā cell e māhele koke. Lilo kekahi i ʻelua, lilo ʻelua i ʻehā, a pēlā aku, e hana ana i kahi ʻano pōpō liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he blastocyst .

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka blastocyst ke kahua mua loa o kahi embryo . Hana ʻia ia ma kahi o ʻelima a ʻeono mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka sperm i kahi hua manu. He hanana koʻikoʻi loa kēia i ke kaʻina hana o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO kēia ka manawa e hui pū ai kēia mau cell a hoʻopili i ka paia o ka uterus. Kāhea mākou i kēia implantation.

He mea nui loa kēia pae Blastocyst i ka IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) no ka mea hiki i nā kauka ke koho i ka Blastocyst olakino a ulu nui a hoʻokomo iā ia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine. Hoʻonui kēia i ka likelika o ka hāpai ʻana.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana o ka hāpai ʻana i kahi keiki?

I mea e maopopo piha ai ke koʻikoʻi o ka blastocyst, he mea kōkua ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi manaʻo iki o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ka hāpai ʻana i kahi keiki. E nānā kākou pehea e wehe ʻia ai kēia huakaʻi kupaianaha i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu.

1. Ka ovulation: ʻO ka maʻamau ma kahi o 14 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā mahina o ka wahine, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi hua manu makua (ovum) mai kekahi o kāna mau ovaries. Hele kēia hua i lalo o ka fallopian tube a kali i ka hoʻoulu ʻia e ka sperm.

2. Hoʻouluulu ʻana: Inā hana ʻia ka moekolohe i loko o kēia manawa, hiki i kahi sperm ke hālāwai me ka hua manu i loko o ka ʻōpū fallopian a hui pū me ia. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he hoʻouluulu ʻana.

3. Ka Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka Zygote: Kāhea mākou i ka hua i hoʻoulu ʻia he 'zygote'. ʻO kēia ke keena hoʻokahi mua e hoʻohui i nā genes o ka makuahine a me ka makuakāne.

4. Huakaʻi i ke kahua Blastocyst:Hele kēia zygote i lalo o ka ʻōmole fallopian i ka ʻōpū no kahi o ʻekolu a ʻelima mau lā. ʻAʻole ia e noho wale ma laila, hoʻomau ia i ka māhele ʻana. ʻElua, ʻehā, ʻewalu mau keena... māhele koke ia a lilo i pōpō liʻiliʻi me nā haneli o nā keena a me kahi lua i loko. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he Blastocyst .

5. Hoʻokomo ʻia: Ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i ka ʻōpū, noho ka blastocyst ma laila no kekahi mau lā a hoʻopili iā ia iho i ka paia o loko o ka ʻōpū (endometrium). ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'implantation'.

6. ʻO ka Embryo a me ka Fetus: Ma hope o ke kau ʻia ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū, hoʻomau kēia mau pūnaewele i ka māhele ʻana a ulu a lilo i embryo. Ma hope o 9 mau pule, ulu hou kēia embryo a lilo i fetus, ʻo ia ke ʻano piha o kahi pēpē e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei.

He aha ka hana a ka blastocyst? No ke aha he mea nui kēia?

He kahua koʻikoʻi loa ka pae blastocyst a he kahua hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia i ka ulu ʻana o ka embryonic a me ka fetal. ʻO ke kumu maʻalahi, inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo pono ʻia ka blastocyst i loko o ka paia uterine, ʻaʻole e hāpai.

Hana ʻia kēia hoʻokomo ʻana ma o kahi kaʻina hana mana. Ma lalo o ka mana o nā hormones i loko o ko kākou kino, hana ka blastocyst i kahi kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo "hatching." E like me ka moa e puka mai ana mai kahi hua manu, e haki ana ka blastocyst ma o kona membrane waho lahilahi (zona pellucida). Hana ʻia kēia i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻekolu paha lā o kona komo ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū.

A laila hana ʻia ka hana maoli. Aia ʻelua papa o nā pūnaewele i loko o ka blastocyst.

• Trophoblast: ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele ka mea mua e hoʻopili i ka paia o ka ʻōpū. Hana lākou i kēia ma ka hana ʻana i kahi protein sticky (L-selectin), e like me ke kāpili. Ma hope mai, hana kēia mau pūnaewele i ka placenta . He ʻōkana koʻikoʻi loa ka placenta e hāʻawi ana i ka oxygen a me nā meaʻai i ka pēpē a hoʻoneʻe i nā huahana ʻōpala mai ka pēpē.
• Ka nui o nā pūnaewele o loko: E ulu aʻe kēia nui o nā pūnaewele i loko o ka fetus ma hope aku.

Hoʻohui pū kekahi mau pūnaewele i loko o ka placenta e hana i ka ʻeke amniotic, ka ʻeke wai pale e hoʻopuni ana i ka pēpē.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke komo ʻana o ka blastocyst?

ʻAʻole ʻike ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i kekahi mau hōʻailona i kēia manawa. Akā, ʻo kekahi poʻe, ma kahi o hoʻokahi hapakolu, e ʻike paha i kekahi mau hōʻailona. ʻO kēia paha ka hōʻailona mua e hāpai ana ʻoe. Akā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​a ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua hāpai ʻoe. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka.

Hiki i ka Blastocyst ke hoʻoulu i ka hāʻule ʻana?

He kumuhana koʻikoʻi kēia e kamaʻilio ai, akā he mea nui e ʻike. ʻAe, hiki i kahi blastocyst ke hāʻule a hiki ʻole ke hoʻokomo pono. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o 75% o nā hāʻule mua loa ma muli o ka hoʻokomo pono ʻole ʻana o ka blastocyst.

No ke aha lā kēia e hana nei?

ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia nā ʻano ʻē o nā chromosomal.Ke māhele ʻia nā pūnaewele i loko o ka blastocyst, i kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia me nā chromosomes. No ka laʻana, aia paha he chromosome keu, kahi chromosome nalowale, a i ʻole e haki paha kekahi ʻāpana o kahi chromosome.

Ke hāʻule ka hoʻokomo ʻana ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka hāpai ʻana akā e pau koke (ma kahi o 5 mau pule). ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "hami kemika." Inā ʻaʻole lohi kou wā a i ʻole ua lawe ʻoe i kahi hoʻāʻo hāpai, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike ua hana ʻia kēia.

He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki i kahi blastocyst me kahi ʻano chromosomal ke hoʻokomo a hiki ke hāpai. I kēlā mau hihia, aia kahi pilikia e loaʻa i ka pēpē nā maʻi e like me Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, a i ʻole Turner syndrome.

Aia kekahi ala e ʻike ai i kēia mau pilikia chromosomal ma mua o ka wā IVF?

ʻAe, me ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou, aia kahi hopena no kēia. I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka IVF, ma mua o ke kau ʻia ʻana o ka blastocyst i loko o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke lawe ʻia kekahi mau cell mai ia mea a hoʻāʻo ʻia no nā pilikia chromosomal.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua ʻo Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) .

Me kēia hoʻāʻo, hiki i nā kauka ke koho i ka blastocyst olakino chromosome e hoʻokomo i loko o ka ʻōpū. No laila,

• Piʻi aʻe ka likelika o ka hāpai pono ʻana.
• Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ka hāʻule mua ʻana.
• Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki me nā maʻi chromosomal.

No kekahi mea i hāpai kūlohelohe, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻokolohua ma hope o 9 a 10 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana.

Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o nā maʻi chromosomal?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia kekahi mau kumu pilikia ma waho o kā mākou mana.

• ʻOiai ma luna o 35 mau makahiki.
• Loaʻa kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o nā maʻi chromosomal.
• Ua loaʻa mua nā hāʻule keiki a i ʻole ka hānau ʻana o kahi pēpē me kahi pilikia chromosomal.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau kumu pilikia, he mea nui loa e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a me ke kākā'ōlelo genetic i ka wā e hoʻolālā ai e loaʻa kahi keiki.

Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā kākou ke kaohi. Ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi nohona olakino ma mua a ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana, hiki iā kākou ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka ʻōpū.

• E pale i ka pili ʻana i nā mea ʻawahia.
• E hōʻalo loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka waiʻona.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike.
• E lawe i nā wikamina e pono ai e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.

He hoʻomaka koʻikoʻi ka blastocyst no ka hāpai kino olakino. Inā ʻaʻole ia e ulu pono a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻole e hāpai. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau kiko māmā a ʻeha paha i nā wā mua o ka hāpai ʻana, mai hopohopo a hoʻowahāwahā paha, akā e ʻike koke i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo. Hiki iā ia ke nānā iā ʻoe a hōʻoia i ka holo pono ʻana o nā mea āpau.