Me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia e kākou, he ʻōkana kupaianaha loa nā puʻupaʻa e hana ana i nā hola he 24 o ka lā i loko o ko kākou kino. E like me ka mea hana luhi ʻole, kānana nā puʻupaʻa i nā huahana ʻōpala i loko o ko kākou koko a hoʻihoʻi i nā mea e pono ai ke kino i ke kino. No laila, i kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi loa e kōkua ana i nā puʻupaʻa e hana i kēia hana nui. ʻO ia ka Bowman's Capsule.
He aha ke ʻano o ka Bowman's Capsule?
E noʻonoʻo e like ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa me kahi kānana wai ma ka home. I loko o kēia kānana, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona mau pahu kānana liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai. Pēlā nō, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona mau ʻāpana kānana liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau ʻāpana he nephron .
No laila, ua kapa ʻia kekahi hapa o kēlā me kēia nephron ʻo Bowman's Capsule . Ua like kēia me ke kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, he ʻeke. Aia i loko o kēia kīʻaha he nui nā kīʻaha koko maikaʻi loa i ʻōwili ʻia. Kāhea mākou iā ia ʻo ka glomerulus . I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana o ke kānana ʻana i ke koko ma ʻaneʻi, ma ʻaneʻi, ma kēia glomerulus a me ka Bowman's capsule e hoʻopuni ana iā ia. Ke hui pū kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua, kapa mākou iā ia ʻo ka renal corpuscle .
I kekahi manawa e hoʻohana paha kāu kauka i nā inoa ʻē aʻe no kēia, akā ua like like lākou a pau:
- Kapule glomerular
- ʻO ke kāpule Malpighian
- Kapu ʻōpū o ka puʻupaʻa
He aha ka mea nui loa e puka mai ana mai kēia?
ʻO ka hana nui o ka membrane Bowman ke kōkua i ka glomerulus e kānana i ke koko. E like me kāu hana ʻana i ke kī, e paʻa ana nā lau kī ma luna o ke kānana a ʻo ka wai kī wale nō e iho i lalo, hana like kekahi mea ma ʻaneʻi.
I ka hele ʻana o ke koko ma o kēia pūnaewele o nā kahawai liʻiliʻi, nā huahana ʻōpala, ka wai keu, a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kānana koko i loko o ka membrane Bowman. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā protein nui, e like me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets, he mea nui no ko kākou kino, ke hele ma o kēia kānana. Noho lākou i loko o nā kahawai koko.
Kōkua ʻia kēia e kahi ʻano kelepona kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo podocytes, aia ma loko o ka membrane Bowman. He mau ʻōpuʻu e like me ka manamana lima ko kēia mau kelepona. Hoʻopili kēia mau manamana lima e hana i kahi pūnaewele o nā pores lahilahi loa. ʻO nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi wale nō ke hele ma waena o kēia mau pores. ʻO kēia ke kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai ka protein a i ʻole nā kelepona koko i loko o ka mimi o ke kanaka olakino.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like ke kapa komo o Bowman me ke kiaʻi ma ka puka. Hoʻokomo ia i nā mea liʻiliʻi i pono ʻole no ke kino, akā pale aku i nā mea nui i pono no ke kino.
A laila, hele ka wai i kānana ʻia ma o nā kahawai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā puʻupaʻa. Ma ke ala, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka wai a me nā meaʻai e pono ai ke kino i loko o kēlā wai i loko o ke koko. ʻO ka hope loa, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā huahana ʻōpala i koe mai ko mākou kino ma ke ʻano he mimi.
Aia ma hea kēia? Pehea kona ʻano?
Aia ka capsule o Bowman ma ka ʻaoʻao waho loa o ka puʻupaʻa. Kāhea mākou iā ia ʻo ka renal cortex . E like me kou ʻike, aia ko mākou mau puʻupaʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka iwi kuamoʻo, ma lalo o ka iwi ʻaoʻao, ma waho.
ʻOiai ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻano like me ke kīʻaha a i ʻole ka ʻeke, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻike maoli me ka maka ʻōlohelohe. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike wale me kahi microscope. Ua like loa ka wai i loko me ka plasma i loko o ke koko. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe ona mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā platelets.
Ma ke ʻano he ʻano, he ʻelua papa kona. Hana ʻia ka papa waho i nā pūnaewele i kapa ʻia he epithelium squamous maʻalahi . Hana ʻia ka papa o loko i nā pūnaewele kūikawā i kapa ʻia he podocytes, a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua.
Nā hōʻailona e hiki ke hōʻike i kahi pilikia o ka puʻupaʻa
Ke hāʻule nā puʻupaʻa, hoʻopilikia pū ia i ka membrane Bowman. ʻOi loa aku i ka wā e hoʻopilikia ai nā maʻi i ka glomerulus, ua hōʻino ʻia kona hiki ke kānana. Inā hana ʻia kēia, hiki i nā mea e like me ka protein e pono ai ke kino ke hoʻomaka e kahe i waho i loko o ka mimi. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia kēia mau kūlana, hiki iā lākou ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.
No laila, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i kāu kauka a ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo .
| Hōʻailona | E noʻonoʻo i kēia no kekahi manawa. |
|---|---|
| Nā loli i ka mimi | Nā mea e like me nā loli i ke kala o ka mimi, ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka huʻa, a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. |
| Ka loli ʻana o ke alapine o ka mimi ʻana | ʻOi aku ka pinepine o ka mimi ʻana ma mua o ka maʻamau a i ʻole ka emi pinepine ʻana ma ke ʻano ʻē. |
| Pehu kino | Pehu, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, nā lima, a i ʻole ke alo. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. |
| Luhi a me ka luhi | Hiki mai ka luhi nui ke hoʻopau pono ʻole nā puʻupaʻa i nā huahana ʻōpala. |
| Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension) | Hiki i nā pilikia puʻupaʻa ke hoʻoulu i ke koko kiʻekiʻe. |
| Ka nalowale o ka makemake a me ka nausea | Ke manaʻo nei i kahi ʻono metala i ka meaʻai, ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana i ka meaʻai, a me ka luaʻi ʻana. |
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?
Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a nānā iā ʻoe. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai i ka hana maikaʻi o kou mau puʻupaʻa.
| Hoʻāʻo | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, eia kāu e hana ai ... |
|---|---|
| Nā hoʻāʻo koko | Ana ia i ka nui o nā huahana ʻōpala (e like me ka creatinine) i loko o ke koko e pono ai ke kānana a wehe ʻia e nā puʻupaʻa. |
| Ka nānā ʻana i ka mimi | Nānā ʻia ka mimi no nā mea ʻano ʻē, e like me ka protein a me nā hunaola koko. |
| ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana o ka ultrasound | Kōkua kēia i ka nānā ʻana i ka nui, ke ʻano o nā puʻupaʻa, a inā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe, e like me nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. |
| Biopsy o ka puʻupaʻa | I kekahi mau hihia, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻiʻo mai ka puʻupaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila liʻiliʻi loa a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. |
Nā mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ke olakino o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa, me ka capsule Bowman, e hana pono ana he mea nui ia no ko kākou olakino holoʻokoʻa. No laila, aia kekahi mau mea maʻalahi hiki iā kākou ke hana e mālama ai i ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa. He mea nui loa kēia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi diabetes, a i ʻole ka momona.
| He aha e hana ai | No ke aha he mea nui kēlā? |
|---|---|
| E pale i nā huahana paka. | Hiki i ka puhi paka ke hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻolako koko ai i nā puʻupaʻa. |
| E hōʻemi i ka paʻakai i ka meaʻai. | ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka paʻakai nui loa hiki ke hoʻonui i ke koko a kau i ke kaomi ma luna o nā puʻupaʻa. |
| E hoʻoikaika kino i kēlā me kēia lā. | Kōkua ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka kaohi ʻana i ke koko a me ke kaumaha o ke kino. |
| E hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha. | ʻO ka hoʻohana lōʻihi a nui hoʻi i nā lāʻau ʻeha, ʻoiai ʻo NSAID (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (e.g. Ibuprofen, Diclofenac), he mea hōʻino ia i nā puʻupaʻa. E hoʻohana wale i kēia mau mea ma ke ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka . |
| E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino. | Hoʻonui ka momona i ka pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia mau mea ʻelua he mea ʻino i nā puʻupaʻa. |
| E kāohi i ke koko a me nā pae kō koko | Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ke koko kiʻekiʻe, he mea nui ka mālama pono ʻana iā lākou e pale i kou mau puʻupaʻa. |
ʻAʻole mākou e noʻonoʻo nui i kēia lawelawe leo ʻole a ko mākou mau puʻupaʻa e hana ai. Akā, i ka wā e hewa ai kekahi mea me lākou, hoʻomaka mākou e ʻike i nā hōʻailona. No laila, e makaʻala i kou kino. Inā he kānalua kāu, mai hoʻokaʻulua e ʻike i ke kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ka Bowman's Capsule o ka ʻōnaehana kānana koko i loko o kou mau puʻupaʻa.
- ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ia ke kānana i nā huahana ʻōpala mai ke koko me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea e pono ai ke kino, e like me nā protein a me nā hunaola koko, i loko o ke koko.
- ʻO nā mea e like me ka pehu ʻana i loko o ke kino, nā loli i ka mimi, a me ka luhi nui hiki ke lilo i mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou. E ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
- ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale ai i kou mau puʻupaʻa, ʻo ia ke hahai i kahi nohona olakino (ʻai maikaʻi, hoʻoikaika kino, ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka kaohi ʻana i ke kō).
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