Ke hōʻoia nā kauka iā ʻoe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka chemotherapy. He mea maʻamau ke manaʻo iki i ka makaʻu a me ka hopohopo ke lohe ʻoe i kēia. Akā ke hoʻomaopopo pono ʻia ʻoe e pili ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau , hiki iā ʻoe ke lanakila ma luna o kēlā makaʻu. Aia nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau chemotherapy like ʻole. ʻO nā mea alkylating kekahi o nā papa nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī a me ka maʻalahi loa i kēia lā.
Pehea lā e hana maoli ai kēia mau lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Alkylating Agents?
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, pono mua mākou e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā hunaola kanesa. ʻO nā hunaola kanesa nā hunaola e māhelehele a hoʻonui wikiwiki me ka ʻole o ke kaohi. ʻO nā mea alkylating kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua i ʻike ʻia e kūʻē i ka kanesa. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i kēia lā.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hana kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kāohi ʻana i nā hunaola kanesa mai ka hana kope ʻana iā lākou iho, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai ka māhele ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana. Hana ia i kēia ma:
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cell ka palapala hoʻolālā piha, a i ʻole "blueprint," o kēlā cell. Kāhea mākou i kēia DNA. ʻO ka hana a nā alkylating agents, ʻo ia ke hele pololei a hoʻopili iā lākou iho i ka DNA o ke cell kanesa . E like me ke kī hoʻokahi hiki ʻole ke hana inā ʻoe e hoʻopili iā ia i kekahi, ke hoʻopaʻa kēia lāʻau i ka DNA, ʻaʻole hiki i kēlā cell ke māhele.
Ke pau ka mahele ʻana o nā cell ma kēia ʻano, make mālie nā cell cancer. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia kaʻina hana he apoptosis . ʻO ia hoʻi, ka make ʻana o nā cell i hoʻolālā ʻia.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona kū hoʻokahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka a luku i kahi cell kanesa i kēlā me kēia pae o kona pōʻaiapuni ola. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'cell-cycle phase nonspecific'. No laila, he kūpono loa lākou e kūʻē i nā ʻano kanesa he nui, ʻoiai nā mea e ulu wikiwiki ana.
Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe ma ke ʻano he pila a i ʻole he wai saline ma o kahi aʻa (IV - intravenous). I ka manawa pinepine, e hāʻawi kāu kauka i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hui pū ʻana me nā lāʻau chemotherapy ʻē aʻe (combination therapy).
He aha nā ʻano o nā Alkylating Agents?
Ua māhele ʻia kēia hui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi mau hui nui. ʻOiai he paʻakikī iki nā inoa o kēia mau mea, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike no ka mea e ʻike paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea i helu ʻia ma kāu pepa lāʻau lapaʻau.
| Pūʻulu Lāʻau Lapaʻau | Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i kēlā māhele (Nā Laʻana) |
|---|---|
| Nā sinapi naikokene | bendamustine, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide , ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, melphalan |
| ʻO ka Ethylenamine a me nā mea hana methylenamine | ʻaltretamine, thiotepa |
| Nā ʻalkyl sulfonates | ʻO ka busulfan |
| Nā Triazene | dacarbazine, procarbazine, temozolomide |
| Nā mea hana i loaʻa ka platinum | carboplatin , cisplatin, oxaliplatin |
| Nā Nitrosourea | carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin |
Ma waena o kēia mau mea, ʻo ka papa o nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Nitrosoureas he mea kūikawā iki ia. No ka mea, hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke hele i ka papa pale i kapa ʻia ʻo 'blood-brain barrier' e pale ana i ko kākou lolo. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau ke hele i kēia pale. No laila, he mea nui lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ka lolo.
He aha nā ʻano i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma?
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā ʻano o ' Nitrogen Mustards' a me 'Ethylenamine a me methylenamine derivatives' e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā pae like ʻole o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.
ʻO Cytoxan (Cyclophosphamide)
He lāʻau lapaʻau kēia no ka hui ʻo 'Nitrogen mustard'. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe iā ia ma ke ʻano he pila a i ʻole e hāʻawi iā ia ma ke ʻano he IV i loko o kahi aʻa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no:
- E pale i ke kanesa i ka wā mua mai ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.
- Inā ua holomua ke kanesa , e hoʻēmi i ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana.
- E mālama i ke kanesa holomua ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.
ʻO Thiotepa
He hua kēia o ka 'Ethylenamine'. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ia ma ke ʻano intravenous. Hoʻohana ʻia no:
- I ke kahua mua o ke kanesa, e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana .
- E mālama i ke kanesa pae holomua.
ʻO Carboplatin
He lāʻau lapaʻau platinum kēia. ʻO ia wale nō ka lāʻau platinum i ʻāpono ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ʻo `Carboplatin` no ka maʻi ʻaʻai holomua, a me ka hui pū ʻana me nā lāʻau chemotherapy ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi ʻia hoʻi ia ma ke ʻano he IV.
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia nui me ka chemotherapy ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā hunaola kanesa a me nā hunaola olakino. Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau lāʻau i nā hunaola e māhele wikiwiki ana. ʻO nā hunaola kanesa, e like me kekahi mau hunaola olakino i loko o ko kākou kino (no ka laʻana, nā hunaola e hana ana i ko kākou mau follicle lauoho, nā hunaola e hoʻopili ana i ka uhi o ko kākou waha a me nā ʻōpū, a me nā hunaola koko), māhele wikiwiki loa. No laila, hoʻopilikia pū kēia mau lāʻau i kēlā mau hunaola olakino, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻoulu ai lākou i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
ʻAʻole like kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao i nā kānaka a pau. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe ka nui, emi paha i kekahi. Mai hopohopo no kēia. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea.
| ʻAno o ka hopena ʻaoʻao |
|---|
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau e ʻike ai ka poʻe he nui |
| Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana, ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka pohō kaumaha, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka maʻi pākī |
| Luhi |
| Ka nalowale o ka lauoho, nā ʻeha o ka waha a i ʻole ke alelo |
| Nā loli i ke kala o ka ʻili, ke kala a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o nā kui lima a me nā manamana wāwae |
| Ua emi ka helu o nā cell koko keʻokeʻo (hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā maʻi) |
| Nā pōʻaiapuni menstrual kūpono ʻole i nā wahine |
| Nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e pono e hōʻike koke ʻia i kāu kauka |
| Kuni, ʻūlū, ʻeha puʻu (nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi) |
| Ka lohi o ka ho'ōla ʻana o nā ʻeha, ka palapū ʻana a i ʻole ke kahe koko ʻana |
| ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha nā ʻōpala, ʻeha i ka wā e mimi ai, a i ʻole ke koko i loko o ka mimi |
| ʻŌhūhū ʻili, hives, maneʻo |
| Paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka moni ʻana, ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka ʻū ʻana |
| ʻO ka pehu ʻana o nā wāwae, nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a i ʻole nā wāwae, ka ʻeha o ka umauma |
| Melemele o ka ʻili a i ʻole nā maka (nā hōʻailona o ka jaundice) |
Pōpilikia!
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Hoʻopilikia (ETU) kokoke loa a i ʻole e kelepona i ka lawelawe ambulance 1990:
* Nā noho ʻeleʻele
* Ke kahe koko ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōki ʻia
* Paʻakikī nui ka hanu ʻana
* ʻEha umauma
* Nā hōʻailona o kahi hopena alerika koʻikoʻi (e like me ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, nā lehelehe)
ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau mea alkylating ke hōʻino i ko kākou iwi iwi. ʻO ka iwi iwi kahi e hana ai ko kākou kino i nā hunaola koko hou. He liʻiliʻi loa ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻano maʻi kanesa ʻē aʻe, e like me ka leukemia, ma muli o kēia pōʻino. Hoʻonui iki kēia pilikia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka lāʻau. Mai hopohopo no kēia me ke kumu ʻole.Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā ala e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi ʻaʻai lua e like me kēia. E hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau āu e pono ai.
Nā mea ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai
No ka mea he mau lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika loa kēia, he mea nui e haʻi i kāu kauka i kāu mōʻaukala olakino piha i hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e kūpono iā ʻoe a hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. E hōʻoia e kūkākūkā i kēia mau mea me kāu kauka:
- E pili ana i kekahi mau maʻi allergies āu e loaʻa ai (i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā meaʻai).
- E pili ana i kekahi mau huaora, nā mea hoʻohui, a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e hoʻohana ai.
- E pili ana i kou mau maʻi puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa .
- Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau chemotherapy ma mua, e haʻi mai iā mākou e pili ana.
- Inā hāpai ʻoe, hānai waiū, a i ʻole e hoʻolālā ana e loaʻa koke kahi pēpē .
- Inā he ʻoki kino kāu e hana ai i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ia mea.
E hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau. Inā poina iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi lāʻau, e lawe i ka lāʻau aʻe e like me ka mea i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Mai lawe i ʻelua mau lāʻau i ka manawa hoʻokahi e hoʻopiha ai i kahi lāʻau i hala ʻole. E kamaʻilio mau me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka lāʻau.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā mea alkylating kahi ʻano lāʻau chemotherapy ikaika e hōʻino ana i ka DNA o nā hunaola kanesa a hoʻōki iā lākou mai ka māhele ʻana.
- Ma muli o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau i nā hunaola kanesa a me ka māhele wikiwiki ʻana o nā hunaola olakino, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka nausea a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lauoho. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau mea.
- He mea nui loa e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino piha, nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, a me nā maʻi allergies.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ke kahe koko nui, e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila.
- ʻAʻole loa ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻōki paha i ka lāʻau me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a kāu kauka.
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