ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka maʻi puʻuwai Congenital

Ua luhi loa anei kāu keiki liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ka waiū? Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ua polū kona mau lehelehe, ke alelo, a me ka ʻili? I kekahi manawa hiamoe wikiwiki nā keiki liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā keiki ʻē aʻe i ka wā e holo ana a pāʻani ana. ʻOiai he mea maʻamau kēia mau mea, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hana ʻia e kahi maʻi puʻuwai hānau. Mai hopohopo, ʻo kēia ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā. He ʻano kēia i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui, a hiki ke mālama ʻia.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau?

Kapa mākou i kēia he 'CHD' no ka pōkole. ʻO ke ʻano maʻalahi loa o kēia, ʻo ia ka wā e hānau ai ke keiki, aia kekahi loli a kīnā paha i ke ʻano o ko lākou puʻuwai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ʻano o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka puʻuwai. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole kahe pono ke koko ma o ka puʻuwai.

E noʻonoʻo e hana ana ka puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko e like me kahi ʻōnaehana wai i loko o ko mākou hale. Inā he pilikia me nā paipu a me nā valves, e kahe ka wai, ʻeā? Pēlā nō ia. Hiki i kēia mau kīnā ke ʻano like ʻole.

• Puka i loko o ka puʻuwai: He puka hānau ma nā paia e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā keʻena o ka puʻuwai.
• Nā pilikia me nā kīʻaha koko: ʻO nā kīʻaha koko i pili i kahi kūpono ʻole, ua haiki loa, a ke kahe nei ke koko i ke ala kūpono ʻole.
• Nā pilikia me nā kiwikā o ka puʻuwai: ʻAʻole wehe a pani pono paha nā kiwikā e kaohi ana i ke kahe o ke koko.

He maʻalahi loa kekahi mau maʻi CHD. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona. Akā, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kekahi a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ola a pono e mālama ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi. I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi i ka wā hānau. Akā no kekahi poʻe, ua ʻike ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi, ʻōpio, a i ʻole ka wā makua.

He aha nā ʻano nui o nā maʻi puʻuwai?

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi puʻuwai hānau i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: hoʻokahi ma muli o ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko.

1. Maʻi Puʻuwai Cyanotic Congenital: He ʻano kēia e emi ai ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko ma muli o kahi kīnā i loko o ka puʻuwai. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a me nā kui e lilo i polū. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'Cyanosis'.

2. Maʻi Puʻuwai Hānau ʻAcyanotic: I kēia ʻano, maʻamau ka pae oxygen i loko o ke koko. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe waihoʻoluʻu polū. Akā, ke kahe nei ke koko ma o ka puʻuwai ma ke ʻano ʻē.

E nānā kākou i kēia mau ʻano ʻelua me nā kikoʻī hou aku.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi?

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka kīnā o ka puʻuwai, kona koʻikoʻi, a me ka makahiki o ke kanaka.

Nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia i nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi:

• Cyanosis: ʻO ka loli ʻana o ka ʻili ma nā lehelehe, ke alelo, ka ʻili, a me nā kui he polū a poni paha.
• Nā pilikia hanu: hanu wikiwiki, pōkole o ka hanu.
• Luhi i ka wā e inu ana i ka waiū: ʻOiai ma hope o ka inu ʻana i kahi waiū liʻiliʻi, luhi ka pēpē, hou, a hoʻōki i ka inu ʻana i ka waiū ma hope o kekahi manawa.
• Hiamoe mau: Ua hiamoe loa ke keiki.
• Piʻi kaumaha maikaʻi ʻole: ʻAʻole piʻi ke kaumaha o ke keiki ma ke ʻano maʻamau.

Nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia i nā keiki makua a me nā pākeke:

• Ka luhi koke ʻana i ka wā hoʻoikaika kino: Manaʻo ʻoe ua luhi loa ʻoe ma hope o ka holo ʻana no kekahi manawa a i ʻole ke piʻi ʻana i ke alapiʻi.
• ʻEha umauma: ʻEha umauma, ʻoiai ke komo ʻana i ka hana.
• Nāwaliwali: Poho koke ka ʻike.
• Pehu: Pehu ma nā wahi e like me nā wāwae, nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a me ka ʻōpū.
• ʻŌhūhū Puʻuwai: He leo 'swooshing' ʻano ʻē i lohe ʻia mai ka puʻuwai ke nānā ke kauka me ka stethoscope.

No ke aha lā kēia e hana nei? He aha nā kumu?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea paʻakikī pinepine ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kumu kikoʻī no kēia. ʻO ka mea paha ma muli o kahi hanana ulia pōpilikia e kū mai ana i nā pule mua o ka ulu ʻana o kahi pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū i ka wā e ulu ai ka puʻuwai. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia.

• Nā kumu hoʻoilina: ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia inā loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana ka CHD a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​maʻi chromosomal e like me Down Syndrome.
• Nā kūlana olakino o ka makuahine i ka wā hāpai:
• Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka makuahine ke kaohi i kāna maʻi diabetes i ka wā hāpai.
• Inā loaʻa i ka makuahine kahi maʻi viral e like me ka rubella .
• Ka puhipaka, ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona , a i ʻole ke pā ʻia ʻana i ka uahi lua i ka wā hāpai.
• Ke hoʻohana nei i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe, a me ka ʻākena) me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai kēia maʻi? He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia ai?

Aia kekahi mau ala e ʻike ai i ke CHD. I kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē, i kekahi manawa ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana, a i kekahi manawa ma hope o ke ola.

1. I ka wā hāpai: Inā ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano puʻuwai ʻē i ka wā o ka `Anomaly Scan` maʻamau, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi `Fetal Echocardiogram`. Hiki i kēia ke kiʻi i kahi kiʻi kikoʻī o ka puʻuwai o ke pēpē.

2. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana:

• Hoʻokolokolo lapaʻau: Ke nānā ke kauka i ke keiki, e nānā ʻo ia no kahi kani puʻuwai ʻē aʻe (ʻO ka Heart Murmur) a me kahi waihoʻoluʻu polū.
• Nānā ʻana i ka Pulse Oximetry: He hoʻāʻo maʻalahi loa kēia a ʻeha ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi sensor liʻiliʻi ma ka manamana lima a i ʻole ka manamana wāwae o ke keiki e ana i ka pae oxygen i loko o ke koko. Inā haʻahaʻa ka pae oxygen, he hōʻailona paha ia o CHD.

3. Nā hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia:

• ʻEchocardiogram (Echo): ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa. Ua like ia me kahi scan ultrasound. Hoʻohana ia i nā nalu kani e hana i kahi kiʻi wikiō o ka puʻuwai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i nā keʻena o ka puʻuwai, nā valves, a me ke kahe koko.
• ʻElectrocardiogram (ECG):He hoʻāʻo e hoʻopaʻa i ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai. Nānā kēia i nā hewa i loko o ka puʻuwai.
• X-ray o ka umauma: Hiki i kahi X-ray o ka umauma ke hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo o ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻO ka Catheterization Cardiac: He hoʻāʻo paʻakikī iki kēia. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi loa (catheter) ma o kahi aa koko i kou wāwae a lima paha i kou puʻuwai, kahi e ana ʻia ai ke kaomi i loko o kou puʻuwai a lawe ʻia nā laʻana. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana like e hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema liʻiliʻi.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka makahiki o ka mea maʻi, ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka kīnā o ka puʻuwai. ʻAʻole pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hihia āpau o CHD. ʻO kekahi mau kīnā liʻiliʻi (e.g., nā lua liʻiliʻi) e pani ʻia ma o lākou iho i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano lapaʻau nui:

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka hana o ka puʻuwai, kaohi i ka helu o ka puʻuwai, kaohi i ke koko, a wehe i ka wai keu mai ke kino.
• Nā Kaʻina Hana Catheter: Me ka ʻole o ke ʻoki ʻana, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi, e like me ka 'Cardiac Catheterization', ma o kahi kīʻaha koko e pani i nā lua i loko o ka puʻuwai, e hoʻonui i nā kiwikā i haiki, a i ʻole e hoʻonui i nā kīʻaha koko.
• ʻO ke ʻoki puʻuwai hāmama: Pono ke ʻoki ʻana i nā hemahema paʻakikī e hoʻoponopono iā lākou. Me ka ʻenehana o kēia wā, ua holomua loa kēia ʻoki ʻana.
• Hoʻoili Puʻuwai: ʻO kēia kahi koho hope loa i noʻonoʻo ʻia i nā hihia kahi i hōʻino nui ʻia ai ka puʻuwai a ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia e kekahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe.

Nā mea e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e noho ai me CHD

Me ka holomua o ka ʻepekema lapaʻau, i kēia lā, ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o ka poʻe me CHD e ola a hiki i ka wā makua. Hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke ola maʻamau, hauʻoli, a me ka hana. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea e pono e mālama ʻia i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

• Nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau: ʻOiai ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui e ʻike i kahi cardiologist i nā manawa maʻamau i kou ola a pau.
• He nohona olakino: He mea nui loa ka ʻai kaulike, ka pae o ka hoʻoikaika kino i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu kauka, a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha olakino.
• Ola Kino Niho: Hiki i nā bacteria mai ka maʻi ʻāʻī ke komo i ke kahe koko a hoʻopilikia i ka puʻuwai (endocarditis). No laila e mālama pono i kou mau niho a me ke olakino waha.
• Ke hoʻomaopopo nei i nā kauka ʻē aʻe:Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka no kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe, e hōʻoia e haʻi iā lākou he CHD kou, nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei, a me nā ʻoki kino āu i hana ai.
• Hāpai keiki: Inā e hoʻolālā ana kahi wahine me CHD e hāpai, he mea nui e kūkākūkā mua i kēia mea me ke kauka cardiologist a me ke gynecologist.

Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Inā loaʻa i kekahi me CHD kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, e lawe koke iā lākou i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila.

• ʻEha nui o ka umauma
• Paʻakikī nui ka hanu ʻana
• ʻO ka poʻo hina nui a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali (lightheadedness)
• He kala polū ʻokoʻa i ka ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​​​lehelehe