He aha ka kolesterol?

Ua lohe paha ʻoe e pili ana i ka cholesterol ma kekahi wahi, ʻeā? Ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i ia mea , a ua ʻike paha ʻoe ma ka nūpepa a ma ke TV paha. Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui he mea ʻino ka cholesterol no ko kākou kino. Akā, he ʻoiaʻiʻo anei kēlā?

He aha ka hopena i ka cholesterol i loko o ko mākou kino?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano momona ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou kino. Ma ke ʻano ʻepekema, he "lipid" ia. ʻOiai ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kēia mau lipid i ka wai, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ko kākou koko, akā e hele ma ke kahe koko i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ke kino. E noʻonoʻo wale, he mea nui ka cholesterol no ko kākou kino e hana pono ai. He nui kāna mau lawelawe no ko kākou kino:

• Kōkua ʻo Cholesterol i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pā pale a puni nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ko mākou kino, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā membrane cell . Hoʻomalu kēia mau membrane cell i nā mea e komo i loko o kahi cell a me nā mea e puka i waho o kahi cell. E like me ka puka.
• Kōkua ka cholesterol i ko kākou akepaʻa e hana i ka bile . E like me kou ʻike, he mea nui kēia bile no ka hoʻoheheʻe pono ʻana o ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai.
• Eia kekahi, pono ka cholesterol e hana i kekahi o nā hormones a ko mākou kino e hana ai, ʻoiai hoʻi nā hormones wahine a me ka wikamina D.

ʻIke ʻoe? ʻAʻole wale ka cholesterol he mea maikaʻi ʻole. Kōkua ia i ko mākou kino e hana i nā mea nui he nui.

No laila, inā pono ka cholesterol, no ke aha mākou e hopohopo nei no ia mea?

ʻAe, pono maoli ko kākou kino i kahi nui o ka cholesterol e hana ai. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia ke loaʻa iā kākou ka nui o ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou kino. E like me ka wā e ʻai ai kākou i ka meaʻai, inā ʻai kākou ma mua o ka mea e pono ai, maʻi kākou. Pēlā nō, ke kiʻekiʻe ka cholesterol, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ka pae cholesterol i loko o ke koko ma mua o ka nui i ʻōlelo ʻia (hyperlipidemia) a i ʻole ke kaulike ʻole o nā ʻano momona i loko o ke kino (dyslipidemia), hiki iā kākou ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi puʻuwai , ʻo ia hoʻi, ka maʻi coronary artery.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o 80% o ka cholesterol e pono ai ko kākou kino e hana ʻia e ko kākou akepaʻa. ʻO ke koena mai nā meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai. ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki i ko kākou kino ke kānana i ka cholesterol keu mai kēia mau meaʻai. Akā i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hana pono kēia kaʻina hana, a i ʻole ka nui o ka cholesterol a kākou e ʻai ai e lilo i mea nui loa e lawelawe ai.

No laila pehea e komo ai kēia cholesterol keu i loko o ke kino?

Aia paha kekahi mau kumu no kēia.

• Nā kumu hoʻoilina:Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi maʻi genetic i kapa ʻia ʻo " Familial Hypercholesterolemia ". He paʻakikī i ke kanaka me kēia maʻi ke wehe pono i ka cholesterol pono ʻole mai ke koko. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hōʻiliʻili ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko a piʻi aʻe nā pae.
• ʻO kā mākou ʻai: ʻO kekahi mea nui ʻē aʻe ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai . Hiki i kekahi o nā meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ko mākou pae cholesterol. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia pilikia ke ʻai nui mākou i ka momona saturated mai nā huahana holoholona (no ka laʻana, ka ʻiʻo, ka waiū, ka tīhi, ka pata) a me ka momona trans (loaʻa pinepine i nā meaʻai i hana ʻia, nā meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me nā meaʻai wikiwiki). No laila, he mea nui e makaʻala i kā mākou meaʻai.

Pehea e holo ai ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou koko?

Loaʻa ka cholesterol ma aneane kēlā me kēia cell i loko o ko kākou kino. Akā, ʻo ka hapa nui o kā mākou kamaʻilio ʻana a lohe ʻana e pili ana i ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko. Ma muli o kona ʻano kemika, ʻaʻole hiki i ka cholesterol ke hele ma ke kahe koko ma kāna iho. No laila, pono e hui pū ʻia me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. No laila, hui pū ka cholesterol me nā protein a me kekahi ʻano momona i kapa ʻia ʻo triglycerides . Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻāpana kūikawā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hui pū ʻana o ka cholesterol, nā protein, a me nā triglycerides he lipoprotein .

He aha kēia mau lipoproteins?

E noʻonoʻo i nā lipoproteins e like me nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia me nā lipids a me nā protein. Hiki i kēia mau kaʻa ke holo ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa ma o ke kahe koko. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ua like lākou me nā waʻa e lawe ana i nā waiwai mai kekahi kūlanakauhale a i kekahi. Lawe kekahi mau waʻa i ka meaʻai a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe i ke kūlanakauhale. Aia kekahi mau ʻano waʻa ʻē aʻe e lawe aku ana i nā ʻōpala o ke kūlanakauhale.

Pēlā nō ia i loko o ko kākou kino. Aia kekahi mau lipoprotein e lawe ana i ka cholesterol i nā ʻiʻo like ʻole a me nā cell i loko o ke kino. He mea nui kēia cholesterol no ke kino. Akā inā piʻi nui ia, he mea ʻino ia. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai mākou i nā ʻano lipoprotein ʻē aʻe e lawe i kēlā cholesterol keu a wehe iā ia.

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia mau lipoproteins ma ko lākou mau inoa kapakapa. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia lākou ʻo LDL cholesterol a me HDL cholesterol. ʻO kēia nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka cholesterol. Akā aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe. No laila e nānā pono kākou i ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻano cholesterol a me kā lākou hana i loko o ke kino.

He aha kēia mau ʻano cholesterol like ʻole a mākou e nīnau nei?

Aia kekahi mau ʻano cholesterol i loko o ko kākou kino. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua e nānā ana i ka cholesterol i loko o kou koko ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he lipid profile.Inā ʻoe e hana i hoʻokahi, e ʻike ʻoe he nui nā ʻano cholesterol i helu ʻia ma kēlā hōʻike. Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia ʻano, e maʻalahi loa iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka cholesterol.

ʻO ka cholesterol LDL - ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka cholesterol "maikaʻi ʻole"?

ʻO ke kū nei ʻo LDL cholesterol no Low-Density Lipoproteins . Hana nui ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i ka cholesterol. ʻO ka hana a kēia mau LDL, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ka cholesterol i nā ʻāpana o ke kino. Ua kapa ʻia nā LDL he cholesterol "maikaʻi ʻole" . No ke aha lā?

He mea nui maoli ka LDL no ko kākou kino. Akā, ʻo ka pilikia, aia ka nui o ia mea e kaapuni ana i loko o ke koko. A laila, hoʻomaka kēia cholesterol LDL, me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hōʻiliʻili i loko o ko kākou mau kīʻaha koko, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o nā paia o ko kākou mau aʻa. Kāhea mākou i ka papa mānoanoa o ka momona e hana ʻia ma kēia ʻano he 'plaque' . I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ulu mālie kēia plaque, e hoʻemi ana i ka hakahaka i loko o nā aʻa. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka plaque i loko o nā paia o nā aʻa ma kēia ʻano ua kapa ʻia ʻo atherosclerosis . Hoʻonui nui kēia ʻano i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi weliweli e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau.

No laila he mea nui e mālama i kou pae cholesterol LDL haʻahaʻa . No ke kanaka makua maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana ma lalo o 100 mg/dL (milligrams no ka deciliter). Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me ka atherosclerosis, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka momona i loko o kou mau aʻa, ʻōlelo nā kauka e mālama i kou pae cholesterol LDL ma lalo o 70 mg/dL.

ʻO ka cholesterol HDL - no laila ʻo kēia ka cholesterol "maikaʻi"?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka cholesterol HDL no nā Lipoproteins Density Kiʻekiʻe . Hana nui ʻia kēia mau lipoproteins me nā protein. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo HDL ʻo ka cholesterol "maikaʻi" . ʻO kēia no ka mea lawe ka HDL i ka cholesterol keu i loko o ke koko a hoʻihoʻi iā ia i ke akepaʻa. A laila wāwahi ke akepaʻa i ka cholesterol a lawe aku mai ke kino. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi ʻo ka lawe kolesterol kū'ē.

ʻO kou pae cholesterol HDL kahi mea āu e makemake ai e mālama kiʻekiʻe . Inā he kāne ʻoe, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e mālama i kou pae HDL ma ka liʻiliʻi he 40 mg/dL. Inā he wahine ʻoe, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e mālama iā ia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 50 mg/dL.

No nā pākeke a pau, ua manaʻo ʻia he maikaʻi loa ka pae HDL ma mua o 60 mg/dL. Kōkua nō hoʻi ia i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai.

Aia kekahi mea e like me ka kolesterol VLDL?

ʻAe, ʻo VLDL cholesterol ke kū nei no nā Very Low-Density Lipoproteins.ʻO ka hapa nui o ka VLDL ka mea e lawe i nā triglycerides (ʻano momona ʻē aʻe) a me ka cholesterol. He emi ka protein ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. E like me LDL, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo VLDL he "maikaʻi ʻole" no ka mea hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka plaque i loko o ko kākou mau aʻa.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, kōkua ka cholesterol maikaʻi (HDL) i ka wehe ʻana i ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole (nā mea ʻino mai LDL a me VLDL) mai ke koko. ʻO ka cholesterol LDL ke kumu nui o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka plaque i loko o nā aʻa.

He aha nā mea e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i koʻu pae cholesterol?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hoʻopilikia ai i ko kākou pae cholesterol. E nānā kākou i ko lākou ʻano:

• Makahiki: I ko kākou mau makahiki, hiki ke piʻi mālie ko kākou mau pae cholesterol.
• ʻAi: E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, hiki i ka momona saturated a me ka momona trans i loko o nā meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai ke hoʻonui i kāu pae kolesterol LDL ("maikaʻi ʻole"). ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau ʻano momona hiki ke hele lōʻihi i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka cholesterol.
• Hoʻoikaika Kino: Hiki i ka hoʻoikaika kino mau a kaulike ke kōkua i ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana i kāu mau pae kolesterol HDL ("maikaʻi"). E ho'āʻo e loaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau minuke o ka hana kino ikaika waena i ka hapa nui o nā lā o ka pule.
• Hoʻoilina: He kuleana ko kāu mau genes i ka nui o ka cholesterol i hana ʻia e kou kino. I kekahi mau ʻohana, hiki i ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe ke holo i loko o nā ʻohana.
• ʻO ke kāne a me nā hormones: Ma mua o ka menopause, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka cholesterol o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ka menopause, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pae cholesterol LDL ("maikaʻi") o nā wahine a me nā pae cholesterol HDL ("maikaʻi") haʻahaʻa.

Pono anei au e nānā i kaʻu cholesterol? He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā kiʻekiʻe?

ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō! He mea nui i nā kānaka a pau ke ʻike i ko lākou pae cholesterol. ʻO ka pinepine o kāu hoʻāʻo cholesterol, a i ʻole ka panela lipid i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, e pili ana i kou makahiki a me nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi puʻuwai (e laʻa me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka puhi paka). No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka ʻohana a nīnau i ka pinepine o kāu nānā ʻana i kēia. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kāu pae cholesterol kekahi o nā hana koʻikoʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

E noʻonoʻo, inā ʻōlelo ka hōʻike ua kiʻekiʻe kou pae cholesterol, mai hopohopo. Na ke kauka e kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai nou. ʻO nā koho lapaʻau nui no kēia:

• Nā Hoʻololi ʻAi: ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻai olakino haʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol, haʻahaʻa i ka momona, kiʻekiʻe i ka fiber, a kiʻekiʻe i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.
• Nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona:Nā mea e like me ka hoʻoikaika kino mau, ka kaohi ʻana i kou kaumaha, a me ka hoʻōki loa ʻana i ka puhipaka.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke paʻakikī i ka kaohi ʻana i kā lākou cholesterol me ka ʻai a me ka hoʻoikaika kino wale nō. I ia mau hihia, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa cholesterol, e like me nā statins.

No nā kānaka he nui, ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau ʻano hana ke ala kūpono loa e kāohi ai i ka cholesterol. Akā no ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano hana kūpono loa iā ʻoe, pono ʻoe e nānā i kāu mau pae cholesterol a kamaʻilio me ke kauka.

No laila, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ke kauka i kekahi manawa, e hele pono e nānā i kou olakino. E hele no nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka papa hana a kāu kauka. E noho ʻike e pili ana i kāu cholesterol, ke koko, a me nā pae kō koko, ʻo ia nā hōʻailona o ke olakino o kou puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole hikiwawe loa ke noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ke olakino o kou puʻuwai. He mea kūpono ke hoʻomaka e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e mālama i kona olakino i kēia lā.

No laila, he aha ka leka a kākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai mai kēia mau mea a pau?

He ʻano momona ka cholesterol e pāʻani ana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi loa i loko o ko kākou kino a he mea nui ia no kākou. I mea e ola olakino ai, pono kākou e loaʻa ka nui kūpono o ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka nui o ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli no kou olakino. No laila he mea nui loa ia e nānā pinepine i kāu mau pae cholesterol a kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēlā mau waiwai.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ma ka mālama ʻana i kahi meaʻai olakino, ka hoʻoikaika kino mau, a me ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka, hiki iā ʻoe ke kāohi i kāu mau pae cholesterol a ola i kahi ola olakino a piha. Ua maopopo iā ʻoe? No laila, e mālama kākou i kēia e hoʻomaka ana i kēia lā!