ʻO ka lilo ʻana i makuahine a i ʻole he makuakāne ka moeʻuhane o nā kānaka a pau, ʻeā? Akā i kekahi manawa, no nā kumu like ʻole, hiki ke paʻakikī iki ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēlā moeʻuhane. ʻO ia ka manawa e pono ai kekahi poʻe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano hana i kapa ʻia ʻo (Gestational Surrogacy). I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano hana kēia kahi e hāpai ai kekahi wahine a hānau i kāu pēpē ponoʻī nāu. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku.
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He aha maoli kēia "(Gestational Surrogacy)"?
ʻAe, ʻo ka Gestational Surrogacy ka wā e hāpai ai kekahi wahine ʻē aʻe (e kapa kākou iā ia he "gestational carrier") i kahi keiki nou, a i ʻole no kekahi mau kāne. ʻO ka mea nui ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻohe pilina genetic o ka makuahine pani i ke keiki. ʻO ia hoʻi, hele mai ka hua o ka pēpē mai ka makuahine i manaʻo ʻia a i ʻole ka mea hāʻawi hua. Hele mai ka sperm mai ka makuakāne i manaʻo ʻia a i ʻole ka mea hāʻawi sperm.
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua hāpai ʻia kahi pēpē me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano hana i kapa ʻia ʻo "In Vitro Fertilization - IVF". I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo "IVF" ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hua a nā mākua i manaʻo ʻia a me ka sperm (a i ʻole nā mea i loaʻa mai nā mea hāʻawi) i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hana i kahi embryo. A laila hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā embryo i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine pani. No laila, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka makuahine pani i kahi hua, ʻaʻohe pilina genetic ma waena ona a me ke pēpē.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi (Surrogate) maʻamau a me kahi (Gestational Surrogate)?
ʻElua ʻano hana o ka "Surrogacy". ʻO kekahi ʻo "Gestational Surrogacy" a mākou e kamaʻilio nei. ʻO kekahi ʻo "Traditional Surrogacy".
- (Gestational Surrogacy): E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai, ʻaʻole pili ka makuahine nāna e hāpai i ke keiki i ka pēpē ma ke ʻano genetic. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe o kāna mau hua i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hua o ka makuahine hāpai a i ʻole ka hua o ka mea hāʻawi. ʻO ka mea wale nō a ka makuahine pani e hana ai, ʻo ia ke hāpai i ka pēpē i loko o kona ʻōpū a hānau iā ia. ʻO kēia ke ʻano i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ka honua a he kakaikahi nā pilikia kānāwai. No ka mea, ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi o nā mākua hāpai e pili ana i ka pēpē ma ke ʻano genetic, akā ʻaʻole pili ka makuahine pani.
- (ʻO ka ʻohana hānau kuʻuna): Ma kēia ʻano hana, pili ka makuahine nāna e hāpai i ke keiki i ke ʻano genetic i ke keiki. ʻO ia hoʻi, hoʻohana ʻia kāna mau hua ponoʻī e hana i ke keiki. Ma hope o kona hāpai ʻana i ke keiki i loko o kona ʻōpū a hānau, ma ke ʻano he makua maoli o ke keiki, pono ʻo ia e hoʻoili i ka mālama ʻana (nā kuleana makua) o ke keiki i nā mākua i manaʻo ʻia. Ua pāpā ʻia kēia ʻano hana e ke kānāwai ma nā ʻāina he nui ma muli o nā pilikia kānāwai a me ka noʻonoʻo e hōʻike ana.
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Check Availability →ʻO wai ka mea e hoʻohana i kēia ʻano hana "(Gestational Surrogacy)"?
Hoʻohana ka poʻe he nui i kēia ʻano hana e hoʻohui i kekahi lālā i ko lākou ʻohana no nā kumu like ʻole. E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau kūlana:
- Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka makuahine hāpai ke hānau keiki ma muli o kekahi pilikia i loko o kona ʻōpū .
- Inā he maʻi kino a noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi ko ka makuahine hāpai e hoʻoweliweli ai i ka hāpai ʻana nona a i ʻole ka pēpē.
- Inā ua wehe ʻia ka ʻōpū o ke kanaka ma ke ʻoki ʻana (hysterectomy) a inā paha he kīnā hānau ma ka ʻōpū.
- Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ke hāpai a hānau paha i kahi keiki. Eia kekahi laʻana, he kāne hoʻokahi a he kāne kāne moe kāne paha .
"He hoʻomaikaʻi nui ke keiki. Inā hiki i nā ʻano hana e like me kēia ke kōkua i kekahi poʻe e hoʻokō i kēlā hauʻoli, he mea kūpono ia."
Pehea e hana ai kēia kaʻina hana?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ma ka "Gestational Surrogacy", hana ʻia kahi embryo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua a me ka sperm o nā mākua i manaʻo ʻia (a i ʻole nā mea hāʻawi) ma o ka ʻenehana "(IVF)". A laila hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā embryo i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine pani. Mai laila mai, hāpai ʻo ia i ke pēpē i loko o kona ʻōpū.
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana me ke koho ʻana i kahi makuahine pani. Ma hope o kēlā, ua kau inoa ʻia nā ʻaelike kānāwai ma waena o kēlā pani a me nā mākua i manaʻo ʻia. Hana lāua ʻelua i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a me nā hoʻokolohua noʻonoʻo like ʻole. Ma hope o ka ʻae ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mea a pau, hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana o IVF.
Pehea e loaʻa ai iaʻu kahi e paʻa ai i ke keiki?
Ke huli ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i kēia, kamaʻilio lākou me kahi (Surrogacy Agency), ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi hui e hāʻawi ana i ia mau lawelawe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī āpau e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana a me nā kumukūʻai mai kēia mau hui. ʻO lākou ka poʻe e kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa kahi makuahine pani kūpono. Kōkua pū lākou i ke kau ʻana i nā ʻaelike kānāwai ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Koho kekahi mau kāne i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana a i ʻole hoaaloha no kēia. ʻAʻohe hewa o ia mea, akā hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia e hele mai me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka naʻau.
Wahi a ka American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), pono e loaʻa nā ʻano ma lalo nei i mea e kūpono ai no ka hāpai ʻana i kahi keiki:
- Pono ʻoe e olakino maikaʻi , ma waena o 21 a me 45 mau makahiki (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma lalo o 35).
- Pono e hoʻopau ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi lawe ʻana a ʻoi aku hoʻi he ʻelima mau lawe ʻana me ka ʻole o kekahi pilikia.
- ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke hana ʻia ma mua o ʻekolu mau ʻoki ʻoki cesarean.
- Pono ʻo ia i ke kaumaha olakino .
- Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e hoʻokō i nā koi ʻē aʻe i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka ʻoihana pili.
ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻohana paʻa a me ke kākoʻo noʻonoʻo maikaʻi e kū ai i ke kaumaha hou o ka hāpai ʻana. I ke koho ʻana i kēia poʻe, ua noiʻi pono ʻia ko lākou ʻike. Eia kekahi, pono nā mākua e hiki mai ana e hāʻawi i kā lākou ʻike kālā e hōʻoia i hiki iā lākou ke uku i ke kumukūʻai.
Pehea nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau?
E like me nā mākua hāpai, pono nō hoʻi ka makuahine e hāpai ana i ke pēpē e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kūikawā . ʻIke pū ʻo ia i kahi kauka noʻonoʻo e nānā i nā kūlana noʻonoʻo e like me ke kaumaha.
Wahi a ka ASRM, pono e hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau piha e hōʻoia i ke olakino o ka makuahine hāpai e hāpai i ka pēpē a hiki i ka manawa hānau. Hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo koko e nānā i nā maʻi aʻe:
- ʻO ka maʻi syphilis
- ʻO ka maʻi gonorrhea
- ʻO Chlamydia
- HIV
- Hepatitis B a me C
Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe e ʻike i nā lāʻau pale no ka measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) a me ka tetanus, pertussis, a me ka diphtheria (Tdap). I kekahi manawa, pono paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau pale COVID. Hana pū nā mākua hāpai (a i ʻole nā mea hāʻawi hua manu/sperm) i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano genetic e ʻike ai inā pilikia kā lākou pēpē i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kīnā hānau, e like me Down syndrome.
Pehea ka ʻaoʻao kānāwai?
He mea nui e hoʻopau i kahi ʻaelike kū kānāwai ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka IVF. Pono e komo pū kēia ʻaelike me kēia mau mea:
- Ua ʻae ka makuahine pani e hāʻawi i ke pēpē i nā mākua i manaʻo ʻia ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke pēpē.
- Nā kuleana a me nā kuleana o ka makuahine nāna e hānau ke keiki i ka wā hāpai (e.g., hele i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono, ʻaʻole hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka waiʻona).
- Nā uku a me ka uku pānaʻi.
- Nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana a me ka make ʻana o ka fetal.
- Nā pilikia a me nā kuleana a pau e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka (IVF), ka hāpai ʻana, a me ka hānau keiki ʻana.
- Nui nā kūlana ʻē aʻe a me nā hopena kūpono e hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena kānāwai.
ʻOkoʻa nā kānāwai e pili ana i ka surrogacy mai kēlā ʻāina a i kēia ʻāina. Hiki i kāu keʻena surrogacy a i ʻole kahi loio ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kēia kaʻina hana kānāwai. Hiki ke paʻakikī iki kēia, no laila ʻo ka hana ʻana me kahi hui loio akamai a me ke kau inoa ʻana i nā ʻaelike ke ala maikaʻi loa e hōʻoia ai ua hana ʻia kēia ma ke kānāwai.
Pehea e hāpai ai ka makuahine nāna i hāpai i kahi keiki?
E lawe kāu kauka i kāu mau hua (o ka makuahine hāpai) a hoʻohui iā lākou me ka sperm o kāu hoa (o ka makuakāne hāpai) i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. I kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia nā hua hāʻawi a i ʻole ka sperm hāʻawi. Inā hoʻohana ka makuahine hāpai i kāna mau hua ponoʻī, e hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau hānau e hoʻoulu i ka oʻo ʻana o kāna mau hua, e hana i nā hua he nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi. Ke hui pū kahi sperm me hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā hua, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi embryo.
Lawe pū ka makuahine hāpai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hānau keiki e hoʻomākaukau i kona ʻōpū e loaʻa i kahi embryo. Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā embryos, hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine hāpai.
ʻO wai ka mea i komo i kēia kaʻina hana?
He nui ka poʻe e komo ana i kēia kaʻina hana "Gestational Surrogacy":
- ʻO ka mea hāpai hāpai
- ʻO ka makua i manaʻo ʻia
- Nā mea hāʻawi hua manu a sperm paha (inā pono)
- (ʻOihana hānai)
- Ke kikowaena hānau keiki
- Nā loio a i ʻole ke kākāʻōlelo kānāwai
- Nā mea lawelawe mālama hāpai (nā kauka obstetrics a me nā gynecologists, nā kahu hānai)
- Nā mea lawelawe olakino noʻonoʻo
- Nā kākā'ōlelo genetic
Aia kekahi mau pilikia i kēia ʻano hana?
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau pilikia no nā kāne a me nā kānaka e hoʻohana ana i ka surrogacy. ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau:
- ʻAʻohe hōʻoia e holomua ka hāpai ʻana a i ʻole e mau ana a hiki i ka wā piha.
- Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hānau keiki a me nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau ke hoʻopilikia i nā mākua hānau a me ka makuahine e hāpai ana i ke keiki.
- ʻO nā pilikia kālā e hele mai me ka mālama ʻana iā IVF, nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau, nā kaʻina hana kānāwai, a me nā uku i ka makuahine pani.
- Nā pilikia noʻonoʻo i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā hāʻule ʻana o ka hāpai keiki, nā pilikia, a me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe.
- ʻO ka hoʻonāukiuki o ka hiki ʻole ke kaohi i ka makuahine, ka hāpai ʻana, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e paʻa nei i ka pēpē.
Eia kekahi, aia nā pilikia no ka makuahine nāna e hāpai i ka pēpē. Pono ʻo ia e hele i nā keʻena lapaʻau maʻamau i ka wā hāpai. Aia nō hoʻi ʻo ia i ka pilikia no nā pilikia āpau e kū mai ana i ka wā hāpai, e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi diabetes, a me nā maʻi. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i ka pēpē a kekahi hiki ke paʻakikī i ka naʻau a me ke kino no ka hoa o ka makuahine a me nā keiki. ʻOiai he nui nā makuahine pani e hauʻoli nei e kōkua i kahi kāne a wahine paha e lilo i mau mākua, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala i kahi pilina naʻau me ka pēpē ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē.
He aha nā pono o kēia ʻano hana?
He manawa kūpono nui ka Gestational Surrogacy no nā kāne a me nā kānaka i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa nā keiki ma ke ʻano kino a i ʻole ke kino e hoʻonui i ko lākou ʻohana a hoʻomaka paha i ʻohana. No ka poʻe he nui i hiki ʻole ke lilo i mau mākua ma muli o nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū, nā kūlana olakino a noʻonoʻo paha, a i ʻole ke kūlana male, ua like ia me ka moeʻuhane i lilo i mea maoli.
Hiki i ka mea nāna e hāpai ana i ke pēpē ke mālama i ke pēpē?
ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole hiki i ka makuahine pani ke mālama i ka pēpē. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i ka hānau keiki, ua kau inoa ʻia kahi ʻaelike kū kānāwai ma waena o nā mākua e hāpai ana a me ka makuahine pani. Ua ʻōlelo maopopo kēia ʻaelike e pono i ka makuahine pani ke hāʻawi i ka pēpē i nā mākua e hāpai ana ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē. Eia kekahi, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe pilina pili kino o ka makuahine pani me ka pēpē, ʻaʻohe ona kuleana makua ma luna o ka pēpē.
ʻEhia ke kumukūʻai o kēia?
ʻO nā uku loio, nā lilo lapaʻau, nā uku ʻoihana, nā uku i ka makuahine pani, a me ka wahi e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai o kēia ʻano hana (Surrogacy). Ma ka awelika, hiki ke kumukūʻai ma nā wahi āpau mai US50,000 a i US150,000 a ʻoi aku paha. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mau kumukūʻai ma Sri Lanka, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana me nā ʻoihana pili e ʻike pono ai. Eia kekahi, aia nā manawa i kūleʻa ʻole ai ka lāʻau (IVF) i ka manawa mua, a laila pono e hana hou ʻia ke kaʻina hana.
ʻO ka hope, e hoʻomanaʻo ...
ʻO ka Gestational Surrogacy kahi ʻano hana i pili ʻole ai ka makuahine e hāpai ana i ke keiki i ke keiki āna e hāpai nei. ʻO kēia ke ʻano hana surrogacy i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia lā. Kōkua kēia ʻano hana i nā tausani o ka poʻe i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa keiki ma ke ʻano biologically a i ʻole ke kino e hoʻomaka i kā lākou mau ʻohana ponoʻī.
He nui nā ʻanuʻu e pili ana i kēia kaʻina hana, me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi makuahine pani, ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻaelike kānāwai a me nā pepa hana, a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā embryos i ke kanaka i koho ʻia. ʻOiai he hana lōʻihi a paʻakikī hoʻi ia, no kekahi poʻe, ʻo ia wale nō ke ala e ʻike ai i ka hauʻoli o ka makua. Inā makemake ʻoe i ka Gestational Surrogacy, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana, nā kumukūʻai, a pehea e hoʻomaka ai. Hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi keʻena kūpono no ka ʻike hou aku.
ʻO ka hāpai keiki ʻana, IVF, Hānau keiki, Mākuahine, Makuakāne, ʻAʻole hānau keiki, Makuahine pani
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