Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ka maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai? E kamaʻilio kākou!

Inā he makuahine hānau ʻoe a i ʻole ua hāpai mua ʻoe, he mea nui loa kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe. He manawa kūikawā a nani hoʻi ka hāpai ʻana, a he manawa ia e loli nui ai ko kākou kino. ʻO ko kākou puʻuwai, ma ke ʻano kūikawā, he ukana hana keu i kēia manawa, no ka mea, he kuleana nui ko ka puʻuwai i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka oxygen e pono ai i ka makuahine a me ke pēpē. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi puʻuwai i kēia manawa a pehea ka hopena o ka hāpai ʻana i ka poʻe i loaʻa mua i ka maʻi puʻuwai.

He aha nā maʻi puʻuwai e hiki ke hana i ka wā hāpai?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia he pilikia me kou puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai. ʻElua ʻano nui:

1. Nā maʻi puʻuwai mua: ʻO kēia nā maʻi puʻuwai i loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana. ʻAʻole paha kēia i hoʻopilikia nui iā ʻoe a i ʻole he pilikia nui. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā hāpai, hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe i nā ʻano like ʻole a hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia like ʻole.

2. Nā maʻi puʻuwai e ulu ana i ka wā hāpai: ʻO kēia nā kūlana i loaʻa ʻole iā ʻoe ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana a ulu aʻe i ka wā hāpai. ʻAʻole paha he mea ʻino kekahi o lākou, akā hiki i kekahi ke hoʻoweliweli.

Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā wahine me ka maʻi puʻuwai ke hāpai palekana a hānau i kahi pēpē olakino. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki i ka maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike ʻia ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana o nā makuahine ma kekahi mau ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia.

• Wahi a kekahi mau hōʻike, ma kahi o ka hapakolu o nā make e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana ma muli o nā pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.
• Ma kahi o 4 o 100 mau makuahine hāpai e loaʻa i nā pilikia ma muli o nā maʻi cardiovascular.
• ʻO nā kumu e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka momona, a me ka makahiki ma luna o 40 he mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka make i ka wā hāpai.

Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hoʻolālā ana e hāpai, he mea nui e ʻike pehea e hiki ai i ka maʻi puʻuwai ke hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe. Akā ma mua o kēlā, e nānā kākou i ka hopena o ka hāpai ʻana i kou puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko.

Nā loli i loko o kou puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko i ka wā hāpai

He nui nā loli e hele ana i kou kino i ka wā hāpai. Hoʻokau kēia mau loli i ke kaumaha hou aʻe ma kou kino, a pono kou puʻuwai e hana ikaika. He mea maʻamau nā loli ma lalo nei i ka wā hāpai. Kōkua lākou i kāu pēpē e ulu ana e loaʻa ka oxygen a me nā meaʻai e pono ai.

• Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ke koko: Hoʻomaka ka nui o kou koko e piʻi i nā pule mua o ka hāpai ʻana, a ke hoʻomau nei ia e piʻi. Hoʻonui ka nui o ke koko o ka hapa nui o nā wahine ma ka 40% a i ka 45% i ka wā hāpai. E noʻonoʻo wale, pehea ka nui o ke koko a kou puʻuwai e pamu ai ma mua o ka mea maʻamau!
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o ka puʻuwai:He mea maʻamau ka piʻi ʻana o ka helu o kou puʻuwai ma kahi o 10 a 20 mau kuʻi i kēlā me kēia minuke i ka wā hāpai. Hoʻonui mālie kēia, a hiki i kona kiʻekiʻe i ke kolu o ka trimester.
• Ka piʻi ʻana o ka puka o ka puʻuwai: ʻO ka puka o ka puʻuwai ka nui o ke koko a kou puʻuwai e pamu ai i kēlā me kēia minuke. Ma waena o nā pule 28 a me 34, hiki i kāu puka o ka puʻuwai ke piʻi aʻe ma 30% a 50%. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ke koko a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka helu o ka puʻuwai. Inā ʻoe e hāpai ana i nā māhoe, hiki i kāu puka o ka puʻuwai ke piʻi aʻe a hiki i ka 60%.

Hiki i kēia mau loli ke hoʻomaopopo iā ʻoe i nā mea e like me:

• Manaʻo luhi loa.
• Manaʻo puni.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea) .
• Ke manaʻo nei e like me ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai (palpitations) .

He mau hōʻailona maʻamau kēia o ka hāpai ʻana. Akā eia ka pilikia: Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona like ke lilo i mau hōʻailona o kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai. No laila, inā he mau hōʻailona hōʻike no ka maʻi puʻuwai, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou, me ka manaʻo, "ʻO kēia wale nō ke ʻano o ka wā hāpai." ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai i ka maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai ke lilo i mea weliweli. Hiki ke paʻakikī ke ʻike inā he mea maʻamau kahi hōʻailona a i ʻole he mea e hopohopo ai.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻuwai mua, ʻoi aku kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilikia e pili ana i ka puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai. Aia kou pilikia i ke kūlana kikoʻī āu i loaʻa ai a me kona koʻikoʻi.

He aha nā maʻi puʻuwai mua e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hāpai ʻana?

Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā kūlana ma lalo nei, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā pilikia o ka hāpai ʻana.

Maʻi puʻuwai hānau

ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau kahi maʻi i loaʻa i ka wā hānau. Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau maʻi ke liʻiliʻi, aʻo kekahi hiki ke koʻikoʻi loa. Hoʻōla pinepine ʻia nā pēpē me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi i ka wā ʻōpiopio. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki ke loli i ka hana o ka puʻuwai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana.

No laila, inā he maʻi puʻuwai hānau kou, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi loea maʻi puʻuwai hānau makua a i ʻole he loea cardio-obstetrics. Hiki iā lākou ke loiloi i nā pilikia o kāu hāpai ʻana. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike a hoʻokele i nā pilikia o ka hāpai ʻana i hoʻolālā ʻole ʻia.

ʻO nā pilikia puʻuwai maʻamau i ʻike ʻia i nā wahine hāpai me ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau:

• Nā ʻano ʻino o ka puʻuwai (arrhythmia) .
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai .

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi puʻuwai hānau, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou pilikia o ka hānau ʻana ma mua o ka manawa .

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pilikia o nā wahine me nā maʻi puʻuwai hānau ma muli o kēia mau pilikia i ka wā hāpai:

• Ka stenosis māmā o ka valve pulmonary.
• Inā ua hoʻoponopono pono ʻia nā "lua" liʻiliʻi ma ka puʻuwai, e like me nā kīnā septal atrial (ASD) a me nā kīnā septal ventricular (VSD).
• ʻO ka patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) i hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia a liʻiliʻi paha.

ʻO nā wāhine me kēia mau maʻi puʻuwai hānau e piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o nā pilikia hāpai:

• ʻO ka stenosis o ka valve aortic me ka valve aortic bicuspid.
• ʻO ke kuʻi ʻana o ka aorta.
• ʻO ke ʻano ʻē o Ebstein.
• Ke ʻano o ka Fontan.
• Ka stenosis koʻikoʻi o ka valve pulmonary.
• Tetralogy o Fallot (hoʻoponopono ʻia)
• Ke hoʻololi ʻana o nā aʻa nui (hoʻoponopono ʻia)

E hoʻomanaʻo, he nui nā kīnā puʻuwai hānau ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole ma kēia papa inoa. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole kou maʻi puʻuwai ma kēia papa inoa, he mea nui nō hoʻi e kamaʻilio me ke kauka inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana e hāpai.

ʻO ke cardiomyopathy

ʻO Cardiomyopathy kekahi kumu nui o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi a me ka make i ka wā hāpai. ʻO kou pilikia o nā pilikia mai ka cardiomyopathy e pili ana i ke ʻano āu i loaʻa ai a me kona koʻikoʻi.

Ma kahi o 4 o 10 mau wahine me ka dilated cardiomyopathy e loaʻa i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka weliweli o ka cardiomyopathy hypertrophic i ka wā hāpai. Eia nō naʻe, hiki nō iā ia ke hana i nā pilikia, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano cardiomyopathy, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kou mau pilikia ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana.

Maʻi valve puʻuwai

Nui nā ʻano maʻi valve puʻuwai e hiki ke loaʻa i kou wā e ola ana. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻano mai ka maʻalahi a i ka koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole paha e hoʻopilikia kekahi mau maʻi valve i kou hāpai ʻana, akā hiki i kekahi ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o nā pilikia. Inā he moʻolelo kou no ka maʻi valve, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola e ʻike ai inā palekana ka hāpai ʻana iā ʻoe.

• Ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka valve aortic:Aia kou pae pilikia i ke koʻikoʻi o ka reflux (leak). Inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona a ke hana maʻamau nei kou puʻuwai, ʻaʻole ʻoe i loaʻa i nā pilikia. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka reflux koʻikoʻi me ka hana puʻuwai i emi iho, ʻoi aku kou pilikia, a pono paha ʻoe e pale i ka hāpai ʻana. Hiki i nā kūlana pili e like me ka Marfan syndrome a i ʻole ka bicuspid aortic valve ke hoʻopilikia i kou pilikia.
• ʻO ka mitral valve prolapse: He kūlana maʻamau kēia ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona a pono paha e mālama ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahine me ka mitral valve prolapse ʻaʻohe pilikia puʻuwai ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka hāpai ʻana. Inā ua hoʻoulu kou kūlana i ka leakage nui o ka valve, pono paha ʻoe e mālama ʻia ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana.
• ʻO ka regurgitation mitral valve: Aia kou pae pilikia i ke ʻano o ka leaka o kāu valve, pehea ka maikaʻi o ka hiki i kou puʻuwai ke pamu i ke koko, a inā he mau hōʻailona kou. Inā koʻikoʻi kou regurgitation a loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona, ​​​​pono paha ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ka valve mitral ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO nā wahine me ka regurgitation koʻikoʻi a me ka hana puʻuwai maikaʻi ʻole e pono paha e pale i ka hāpai ʻana.
• ʻO ka stenosis valve mitral: ʻO kēia ka pilikia puʻuwai maʻamau i ka wā hāpai ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau ma nā wahi i maʻamau ai ka fiva rheumatic (kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka fiva ʻulaʻula i mālama ʻole ʻia a me nā maʻi ʻāʻī). Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka stenosis valve mitral, pono paha ʻoe e hana i kahi kaʻina hana a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o nā pilikia.

Hiki i ke pani ʻana o ka valve ke kōkua i ka poʻe me ka maʻi valve e ola lōʻihi a olakino. Akā, pono i nā wāhine me nā valve puʻuwai prosthetic ka mālama kūikawā i ka wā hāpai. No ka mea:

• Hoʻonui ka hāpai ʻana i kou pilikia o nā ʻūpā koko. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kiwikā hana e hoʻonui pū i kou pilikia o nā ʻūpā koko.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau kiwikā prosthetic, pono ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau anticoagulant no ke koena o kou ola e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā ʻūpā koko. Hiki i kekahi mau anticoagulants ke hoʻopōʻino i ka pēpē.

Inā he valve prosthetic kou, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike i kahi cardiologist ma mua o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana. E kamaʻilio kāu cardiologist iā ʻoe e pili ana i:

• Nā pilikia o kou hāpai ʻana.
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai i nā ʻūpā koko e kūpono iā ʻoe.
• ʻEia nā mea e pono ai ke hana no ka pale ʻana i ka endocarditis.

Maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO ka maʻi aortic, a i ʻole aortopathy, he hui ia o nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i kou aorta. Pili nā syndromes genetic me kekahi mau maʻi aortic.

Hoʻonui ka maʻi aortic i ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka wā hāpai. ʻO kēia no ka mea e piʻi ana ke kaomi ma luna o ka aorta i ka wā hāpai, ʻoiai i ka wā hānau. Hoʻonui kēia kaomi keu i ka pilikia o ka dissection aortic a i ʻole ka haki ʻana o ka aneurysm, kahi hiki ke make.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā wahine me nā kūlana ma lalo nei i nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai:

• ʻO ka valve aortic bicuspid me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke aortic.
• Loaʻa kahi moʻolelo o ka dissection aortic.
• ʻO ka maʻi Loeys-Dietz.
• ʻO ka maʻi Marfan.
• ʻO ka maʻi Turner.
• ʻO ka maʻi Ehlers-Danlos vascular.

He mea nui: Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā ʻoki ʻana o ka aorta a me nā haki ʻana i nā wahine ma lalo o 40 mau makahiki e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou i ke kolu o ka trimester a i ʻole ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi aortic, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike i kahi cardiologist no ka loiloi ma mua o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana.

He aha nā pilikia puʻuwai hou e hiki ke kū mai i ka wā hāpai?

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou moʻolelo mua o ka maʻi cardiovascular, hiki i ka hāpai ʻana ke hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia like ʻole me kou puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​​​kīʻaha koko.

Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension)

Hoʻopilikia ke koko kiʻekiʻe i ka wā hāpai ma kahi o 1 i loko o 10 mau wahine hāpai. He maʻi maʻamau nō hoʻi ia.

ʻO nā hōʻailona koko kiʻekiʻe:

• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka wā hāpai: Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (ma ka liʻiliʻi he 140/90 mmHG) e hoʻomaka ana ma hope o 20 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana.
• Preeclampsia: Ke koko kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaka ana ma hope o 20 mau pule. Hele pū kēia me ka protein i loko o kou mimi a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻike o ka hōʻino ʻia o nā kino. ʻO ka Eclampsia kahi kūlana e kū mai ana i ka wā hāpai a i loko o 10 mau lā o ka hānau ʻana, me ka hele pū ʻana me nā hopu ʻana.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe mau loa: Ke koko kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaka ana ma mua o 20 mau pule a i ʻole ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana.
• ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe mau loa me ka preeclampsia i hoʻohui ʻia: ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe mau loa me ka protein i loko o ka mimi a i ʻole nā ​​​​hōʻike o ka hōʻino ʻana o nā kino.

Maʻi diabetes hāpai

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes gestational he kiʻekiʻe ke kō koko e kū mai ana ma hope o 20 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hoʻonui kēia ʻano i ka pilikia o nā pilikia no ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.

Nā ʻano ʻino o ka puʻuwai (Arrhythmias)

Hoʻonui ka hāpai ʻana i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole (arrhythmia), inā paha ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua a ʻaʻole paha. ʻO nā ʻano arrhythmias āu e ʻike ai i ka wā hāpai:

• Puʻuwai ectopic: He puʻuwai keu kēia i maʻa mau ʻole.
• ʻO ka tachycardia supraventricular (SVT): He puʻuwai wikiwiki kēia e hoʻomaka ana ma nā keʻena o luna o kou puʻuwai (atria). ʻO kēia ka arrhythmia lōʻihi loa (ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 kekona) i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hāpai. ʻOi aku kou pilikia inā he mōʻaukala kou o SVT a i ʻole kahi kīnā puʻuwai hānau. Akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana no ka manawa mua i ka wā hāpai.

Pono kekahi mau arrhythmias i ka mālama ʻia, a ʻaʻole kekahi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pono o ka mālama ʻana i nā wahine me ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau a me nā arrhythmias. Na kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau palekana loa nāu.

ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ke aʻa coronary kūlohelohe (SCAD)

He kūlana hoʻoweliweli ola ka dissection artery coronary spontaneous (SCAD). ʻO ka SCAD kahi haehae i loko o kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o nā aʻa e hoʻolako koko i kou puʻuwai. 4 mai loko mai o 5 mau kānaka e ʻike nei i ka SCAD he mau wahine. Ma kahi o 1 i loko o 3 mau hihia e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hana ʻia ka SCAD i loko o hoʻokahi pule o ka hānau ʻana, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ma ka hopena o ka hāpai ʻana a i loko o ʻeono pule o ka hānau ʻana.

Manaʻo nā kānaka noiʻi he kuleana ko nā loli hormonal i ka wā hāpai. ʻO nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe i waena o nā wahine hāpai:

• Ma luna o 30 mau makahiki.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cocaine.
• Nā maʻi pili pili.
• Ka maʻi diabetes.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka.

Hoʻemi ʻia ke kahe koko i ka ʻiʻo o ka puʻuwai (Myocardial ischemia)

ʻO ka ischemia myocardial ka wā ʻaʻole lawa ke koko o kou puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia ke hana:

• ʻAngina paʻa.
• ʻO ka angina paʻa ʻole.
• Maʻi hohola.

Ma kahi o 2 i loko o 25,000 mau hoʻokipa ʻia e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana ma muli o ka myocardial ischemia. ʻO nā mea pilikia no nā wahine hāpai:

• Ma luna o 30 mau makahiki.
• Ka maʻi diabetes.
• Ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi cardiovascular.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• ʻO ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​triglycerides kiʻekiʻe.
• Ka Moʻolelo o ka ʻoki ʻana o ke aʻa coronary spontaneous `(SCAD)`.
• Kaumaha loa/momona.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka.

ʻO ka cardiomyopathy peripartum

ʻO ka cardiomyopathy peripartum kahi ʻano hāʻule puʻuwai e kū mai ana i ka wā hāpai hope a i ʻole ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻopilikia ia i nā wahine i ʻike ʻole ʻia he maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO kēia kūlana ka mea e hiki ʻole ai i kou puʻuwai ke pamu i ke koko i ke kino. Hiki ke hana ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā hoʻopilikia pinepine ia i nā poʻe ma luna o 30 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka thrombosis vein hohonu a me ka embolism pulmonary

Hoʻonui ka hāpai ʻana i ka pilikia o ka deep vein thrombosis (DVT) a me nā pulmonary embolisms (PE). ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia mau kūlana i nā wahine hāpai ma mua o nā wahine hāpai ʻole. Loaʻa pinepine lākou i ka wā postpartum (i loko o ʻeono mahina o ka hānau ʻana).

ʻO ka deep vein thrombosis (DVT) he ʻaʻa koko i loko o kahi aʻa koko hohonu i loko o kou kino (maʻamau i kou wāwae). ʻO ka pulmonary embolism (PE) he ʻaʻa koko e hana ʻia ma kekahi wahi o kou kino a hele i kou mau māmā.

ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kou pilikia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mōʻaukala o nā ʻōpū koko a i ʻole embolism. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi DVT a PE paha, pono paha ʻoe e mālama ʻia me nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko. Pono kāu kauka e kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau hoʻokahe koko palekana i ka wā hāpai.

He aha ka maʻi puʻuwai maʻamau i ka wā hāpai?

ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau ka ʻano maʻi puʻuwai maʻamau ma nā ʻāina holomua.

I nā ʻāina e ulu ana, ʻo ka maʻi puʻuwai rumatika ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi puʻuwai, e helu ana ma kahi o 7 o 10 mau hanana cardiovascular i ka wā hāpai.

He aha nā maʻi puʻuwai e weliweli loa no ka hāpai ʻana?

ʻO kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai a me nā maʻi pili e hoʻolilo i ka hāpai ʻana i mea weliweli loa. Pono paha ʻoe e pale i ka hāpai ʻana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau maʻi:

• ʻO ka stenosis valve aortic (inā koʻikoʻi a ke kumu nei i nā hōʻailona)
• Coarctation o ka aorta (inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia a i ʻole e kū pū ana me kahi aneurysm aortic)
• ʻO ka maʻi Eisenmenger.
• Ke ʻano o ka Fontan.
• ʻO ka maʻi Marfan.
• ʻO ka stenosis valve mitral (inā koʻikoʻi)
• ʻO ka cardiomyopathy Peripartum i ka hāpai mua ʻana (me ke koena o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hana puʻuwai)
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka puʻuwai.
• Ka hoʻolaha nui ʻana o ka aortic (ma ka liʻiliʻi he 45 mm inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka Marfan syndrome, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 50 mm inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi valve aortic bicuspid)
• ʻO ka hana ʻino ʻana o ka ventricular me ka hapa ejection ventricular hema ma lalo o 40%

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. E loiloi ʻo ia i ke koʻikoʻi o kou kūlana a kūkākūkā i kāu mau pilikia me ʻoe.

He aha nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai?

Ua like kekahi mau hōʻailona o nā pilikia puʻuwai me nā mea maʻamau āu e ʻike ai i ka wā hāpai. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Manaʻo luhi loa.
• Pono pinepine e mimi.
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• Ka pehu ʻana o nā wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae (edema) .

ʻAʻole paha e hōʻino kēia mau hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka pilikia o ka puʻuwai, ʻoiai inā:

• Inā hoʻomaka lākou ma hope o 20 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana.
• Inā hoʻopilikia lākou iā ʻoe a hiki i kahi e hiki ʻole ai iā ʻoe ke hana i kāu mau hana maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā.
• Inā ʻoe e manaʻo nei ua pōkole kou hanu ʻoiai ʻoe e hoʻomaha ana.
• Inā ʻoe e ala aʻe i waenakonu o ka pō me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.

Nā hōʻailona maʻamau ʻole i ka wā hāpai:

• ʻIke pōwehiwehi.
• ʻEha umauma (angina) .
• Nā palpitations o ka puʻuwai e mau ana ma mua o 30 kekona.
• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike (syncope) .
• Ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai (tachycardia) .

Mea nui: Inā ʻoe e ʻeha a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha i ka umauma, e kelepona koke i ka 119 a i ʻole kāu helu ulia pōpilikia kūloko.

E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hōʻailona āu e ʻike nei. He mea kōkua paha ka mālama ʻana i kahi puke moʻolelo o kāu mau hōʻailona. E hoʻokomo i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO nā hōʻailona āpau āu e ʻike nei.
• Lā a me ka manawa.
• ʻO ke koʻikoʻi ma kahi pālākiō mai 1 a 10 (ʻo 10 ka mea ʻino loa).
• Nā mea āu e hana nei i ka manawa (e laʻa me ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka hana ʻana i nā hana māmā o ka hale, a i ʻole ka hoʻomaha ʻana).

ʻO nā hōʻailona nā manaʻo a i ʻole nā ​​loli āu e ʻike ai. ʻO nā hōʻailona nā hōʻailona hoʻomaopopo a kāu mea mālama ola e ʻike ai i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua kino a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻokolohua. Nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai:

• Puʻuwai i hoʻonui ʻia (cardiomegaly).
• Nā leo puʻuwai ʻē aʻe (Heart murmur).
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka protein i loko o ka mimi.
• Ka pehu ʻana o nā aʻa koko ma ka ʻāʻī (jugular venous distention).

E nānā kāu kauka iā ʻoe no nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia puʻuwai ma kāu keʻena hoʻomaʻamaʻa hāpai.

Pehea e mālama ai i nā maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai?

Hiki i ka mālama lapaʻau a me ka mālama ponoʻī ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i nā maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

• E hele i nā manawa a kāu kauka. E mālama ʻia paha ʻoe e kahi kauka hānau keiki a me kahi kauka puʻuwai. E hōʻoia e hele i kāu mau manawa a pau a me nā nānā ʻana. Pono paha ʻoe e loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau (me nā echocardiograms) e nānā i ka hana o kou puʻuwai.
• E pale i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha pono ʻole. E nīnau i kāu kauka i ka nui o ke kaumaha hiki iā ʻoe ke piʻi palekana i ka wā hāpai.
• E pale i ke kaumaha. I ka hiki, e pale i nā kūlana e hoʻoluhi ai iā ʻoe. Eia kekahi, e ʻimi i nā ala e hoʻomaha ai e kōkua iā ʻoe e mālie. Inā ʻōlelo kāu kauka ua maikaʻi, hiki i nā papa yoga prenatal ke kōkua.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai.E hahai i nā kuhikuhi a kāu kauka no nā meaʻai e ʻai ai a me nā mea e pale aku ai. Ma keʻano laulā, e hoʻāʻo e kaupalena i kāu ʻai ʻana i ka sodium, ke kō, ka momona saturated, a me ka momona trans.
• E hoʻoikaika kino me ka palekana. E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka pinepine o kāu hoʻoikaika kino a me nā ʻano hoʻoikaika kino palekana nou. E hōʻoia e hahai pololei i kā lākou mau kuhikuhi. Pono paha ʻoe e pale i nā hana e hoʻokaumaha nui ai i kou puʻuwai.

Ma muli o kou kūlana, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi kaʻina hana e kōkua i kou puʻuwai e hana maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ia mau kaʻina hana ma mua o kou hāpai ʻana. E loiloi kāu hui lapaʻau i kou kūlana a hoʻoholo i ke ala hana maikaʻi loa.

Pono paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i kekahi mau kūlana a i ʻole nā ​​​​kumu pilikia. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau palekana a me nā mea palekana ʻole iā ʻoe e lawe i ka wā hāpai.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi cardiovascular i ka wā hāpai

ʻO kahi ʻāpana o kāu hoʻolālā hoʻokele, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻia. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole palekana kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau puʻuwai e lawe i ka wā hāpai.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau palekana ʻole:

• Nā mea hoʻopaʻa ACE.
• Nā mea pale i ka mea loaʻa Angiotensin (ARBs).
• Nā mea kū'ē iā Aldosterone.
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau hoʻokahe koko, e like me warfarin.
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i ka hypertension pulmonary, e like me riociguat a me bosentan.

Mea nui: Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau a hāpai, e kāhea koke aku i kāu mea mālama ola kino. Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kauka.

Ka nānā ʻana ma hope o ka hānau ʻana

Hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia i loko o ʻeono mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. E nānā kāu hui lapaʻau iā ʻoe a nānā i ka hana o kou puʻuwai. ʻOiai inā paʻahana loa ʻoe a luhi hoʻi i kēia manawa, he mea nui e hele ʻoe i kāu mau hālāwai āpau. E kamaʻilio pū kāu hui mālama iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka palekana a me nā pilikia o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā hāpai keiki e hiki mai ana.

E hoʻopilikia anei nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai i koʻu ola e hiki mai ana?

ʻO nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular ma hope o ke ola. Eia kekahi mau helu koʻikoʻi:

• Hoʻonui ka maʻi diabetes gestational i ka pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular i ka wā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana ma 68%.
• ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe i ka wā hāpai e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular ma 67%.
• Hoʻonui ka preeclampsia i ka pilikia o ka make ʻana mai nā maʻi cardiovascular i ke ola ma hope o 75%.

Me he mea lā he mea weliweli iki kēia mau helu iā ʻoe. Akā ʻo ka nūhou maikaʻi, haʻi wale nā ​​helu i kahi hapa o ka moʻolelo. He hōʻike lākou i nā mea i hana ʻia i ka wā ma mua. ʻAʻole pono lākou e hoʻoholo i kou wā e hiki mai ana. E hoʻohana i kēia ʻike e hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka maʻi cardiovascular. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana i ka wā hāpai a i ʻole i nā mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma hope o ka hānau ʻana a noi e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka maʻi cardiovascular.

Nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku i nā maʻi cardiovascular a i ʻole e hoʻolohi i kona holomua. Pono paha ʻoe i ka nānā lōʻihi ʻana me kahi cardiologist e nānā i ke olakino o kou puʻuwai a ʻike i nā hōʻailona mua o nā pilikia. E kamaʻilio me kāu hui mālama e pili ana i nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona e hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kou puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻuwai a ke hoʻolālā nei ʻoe i ka hāpai ʻana, ʻo ia ka manawa e kamaʻilio ai me kāu mea mālama ola. E aʻo e pili ana i kāu mau pilikia a pehea e hoʻokele ai i kou kūlana puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hāpai i hoʻolālā ʻole ʻia, he mea nui e kamaʻilio koke me kāu kauka. E loiloi kāu kauka i kou pilikia no nā pilikia. Hiki paha iā ia ke hoʻololi i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau puʻuwai e palekana ai no ka hāpai ʻana.

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou maʻi puʻuwai, he mea nui e makaʻala i ke ʻano o ka hopena o nā pilikia puʻuwai i kou hāpai ʻana. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mau kumu pilikia. E hana pū me kāu kauka e hōʻemi i kou pilikia i hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi hāpai palekana a olakino. E hoʻomanaʻo, hāʻawi ka makuahine olakino i kahi pēpē olakino i ka hoʻomaka maikaʻi loa!

ʻMaʻi puʻuwai, hāpai keiki, puʻuwai, maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā hāpai keiki, nā hōʻailona maʻi puʻuwai, nā pilikia hāpai keiki, olakino puʻuwai