ʻO Kavindu (24 makahiki) i hele mai i ke keʻena lapaʻau i kēlā lā, ua kāhāhā nui ʻo ia a hoihoi hoʻi. Nānā ʻo ia i ke kāleka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kona lima, lulu i kona poʻo, a nīnau mai iaʻu i kahi nīnau kupanaha.
"E ke kauka, i nehinei, ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi ʻeha niho nui loa. Ua lawe au i kahi lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha a ke kauka niho i hāʻawi mai ai iaʻu. Ua moni au i ka lāʻau a hoʻouna aku i koʻu ʻōpū, akā i loko o 20 mau minuke ua nalowale koʻu ʻeha niho! No laila pehea lā e ʻike ai kēia lāʻau liʻiliʻi ʻo koʻu niho ka mea ʻeha? Loaʻa iā ia kekahi ʻano ʻōnaehana GPS i kūkulu ʻia i loko?" i nīnau aku ai ʻo Kavindu me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
Ua minoʻaka au a ʻōlelo akula iā Kavindu, "E Kavindu, ʻaʻohe GPS i loko o ka pila. Akā, he mea kupaianaha maoli ke ʻano o kāna hana ʻana i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua like ia me kahi ʻelele e hele ana a puni ke kūlanakauhale. No laila, i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano e loaʻa ai kahi kikoʻī kahi e ʻeha ai ka pila ma hope o kona komo ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū a ho'ōla iā ia."
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ke komo ka lāʻau i loko o ka ʻōpū? (Absorption)
ʻO ka pila a mākou e lawe mua ai e hele i ko mākou ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Ma laila, hoʻomaka ka waikawa a me nā wai i loko o ka ʻōpū e wāwahi i ka pila i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa.
Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana lāʻau i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma o nā paia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou koko. I ka ʻepekema lapaʻau, ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he absorption .
Ka hoʻolaha ʻana ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa ma o ke koko
Hoʻomaka nā ʻāpana lāʻau lapaʻau i komo i loko o ke koko e hele ma o nā kīʻaha koko ma loko o ke kino me ka puʻuwai o ka naʻau.
Maanei, ʻaʻole hele pololei ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi ʻeha. Hele pū ia me ke koko i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino, mai ke poʻo a i nā manamana wāwae. Ua like ia me ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka māla holoʻokoʻa me kahi hose. ʻOiai ke hele nei ka wai ma loko o ka māla, ʻo nā mea kanu wale nō e pono ai ke omo iā ia, ʻeā? Pēlā ka hana a ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ke Kumu Hoʻohālike Laka a me ke Kī
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka hana ʻana o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau a me kahi e pono ai ma o ke kumumanaʻo "Lock and Key Model" .
Ua hana ʻia ko kākou kino me nā piliona o nā pūnaewele. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau pūnaewele nā "loka" liʻiliʻi ma kona ʻili i hana ʻia me nā protein kūikawā. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia mau mea loaʻa .
ʻO nā ʻāpana kemika i loko o nā pila a mākou e lawe ai ua like ia me nā "kī" i hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia. Ke hele nei kēia mau kī ma ke kahe koko ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, hoʻopili lākou i ke keena i loaʻa ka laka like (receptor) a lākou e komo ai.
- Pehea e hana ai nā lāʻau ʻeha: Ke ʻeha ka niho, hana nā ʻāpana o ka niho i nā kemika e hōʻike ana i ka ʻeha. Hele ka lāʻau ʻeha ma ke kahe koko a ālai i nā mea loaʻa ma nā ʻāpana aʻalolo e lawe ana i kēlā mau hōʻailona ʻeha i ka lolo. A laila, ʻaʻole hele ka leka ʻeha i ka lolo, no laila ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike i ka ʻeha niho.
- Pehea e hana ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau allergy:Ma ke ālai ʻana i nā mea loaʻa e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka kemika histamine e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi allergies, hoʻopau ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻū ʻana a me ka maneʻo.
Ke Hana ʻana me nā Enzymes
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea loaʻa, aia kekahi hui o nā limahana i loko o ko mākou kino e hoʻolalelale ana i kēlā me kēia kaʻina hana kemika. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau enzymes .
Hana kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hana o kēia mau enzymes no kekahi manawa. No ka laʻana, hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Panadol (Paracetamol) ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hana o nā enzymes i loko o ke kino e hoʻāla ʻia ana i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā mākou nā ʻeha a me nā kuni.
No ke aha mākou e loaʻa ai nā hopena ʻaoʻao?
Ma muli o ka hele ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino, hiki iā lākou ke nakinaki i nā mea loaʻa ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma mua o kahi a mākou e makemake ai.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā ʻōpū ʻōpū ke hele ma ke kahe koko a hoʻopaʻa i nā mea loaʻa i loko o ka lolo, e hoʻohiamoe ana iā mākou. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he hopena ʻaoʻao .
Nā Lapaʻau i Hoʻolālā ʻia Hou a me ka Nanotechnology
ʻOiai ua hoʻopilikia nā lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, ua holomua nui ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou a ua like nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou me nā missiles i ku i kā lākou pahuhopu.
- ʻenehana Nano: ʻAe kēia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā nanoparticles, miliona mau manawa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka lauoho, a laila hāʻawi pololei ʻia i nā ʻāpana maʻi (e.g., nā ʻāpana maʻi kanesa).
- Nā Lapaʻau Antibody: Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻike a hoʻouka i nā māka kikoʻī ma ka ʻili o nā hunaola kanesa, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hunaola olakino a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
Lāʻau lapaʻau mai ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau Komohana a mākou e ʻike nei i kēia lā, ua puka mai ia mai nā mea kanu maoli a me nā fungi.
- ʻAspirin: ʻO ka ʻAspirin, ka lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha kaulana loa o ka honua a me ka mea hoʻokahe koko, ua ʻike mua ʻia mai ka ʻili o ka lāʻau willow.
- Penicillin: Ua ʻike ʻia ka antibiotic mua mai kahi ʻōpala i kapa ʻia ʻo Penicillium notatum.
🚨 Nā mālama a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau
ʻOiai he mea maikaʻi loa nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kino, hiki i ko lākou hoʻohana pono ʻole ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
I ka manawa hea e ʻike koke ai i ke kauka:
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi (Drug Allergy/Anaphylaxis) e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka pehu ʻana o nā lehelehe a me ka maka, a i ʻole nā kiko ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili i loko o kekahi mau hola o ka lawe ʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Inā lawe hewa ʻoe ma mua o ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka (overdose).
- Inā kū aʻe nā hōʻailona o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā pilikia o nā puʻupaʻa ma muli o ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā mea ʻeha me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka.
Nā mea e pono ai a me nā mea ʻaʻole e pono ai
| ✔️ Nā mea e hana ai (Hana) | ❌ Nā mea pono ʻole |
|---|---|
| E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka a mea kūʻai lāʻau paha. | Mai lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka no kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe no ka mea ua like ko lākou mau hōʻailona me kāu. |
| Inā hāpai ʻoe a hānai waiū paha, e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. | Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i kauoha ʻia e kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā ua maikaʻi kou manaʻo. |
| E mālama i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma kou home ma kahi palekana a maloʻo hoʻi i hiki ʻole i nā keiki ke loaʻa. | Mai hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i pau ka lā. |
❓ Kekahi mau nīnau ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa ai (FAQ)
ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana o kahi papa paracetamol? ▼
ʻO ka maʻamau, ma hope o ka moni ʻana i kahi papa paracetamol, he 20 a 30 mau minuke e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai i loko o ka ʻōpū a komo i ke koko. Loaʻa kona hōʻoluʻolu nui loa i loko o 1-2 mau hola a mau ka hopena i loko o ke kino no 4 a 6 mau hola.
No ke aha i ʻōlelo ʻia ai kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe ʻia ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana a ʻo kekahi ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana?▼
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka omo ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i lawe ʻia ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana (e laʻa, ka lāʻau no ka ʻeha ʻōpū) i ka ʻōpū ʻole. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i lawe ʻia ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana (e laʻa, kekahi mau lāʻau hoʻomaha ʻeha a me nā lāʻau antibiotic) ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōpū ʻeha no ka mea pale ka meaʻai i ka uhi ʻōpū.
He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wāwahi ʻana i kahi pila a i ʻole e lawe iā ia ma ke ʻano he capsule? ▼
ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole pono e hana iki ʻia. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kekahi mau pila a me nā capsules e hoʻoheheʻe mālie loa i loko o ke kino (Sustained Release) a i ʻole e noho paʻa a hiki i ka hiki ʻana i nā ʻōpū, i pale ʻia mai nā waikawa o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka wāwahi ʻana iā lākou hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino i ka manawa hoʻokahi, e hana ana i ka ʻawahia a i ʻole e hoʻopau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Pehea ʻoe e hoʻolei aku ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia? ▼
ʻAʻole loa e hoʻolei ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i koe a i pau paha i ka lua a i ʻole e hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpala maʻamau. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kemika i ke kaiapuni a me ka wai honua. ʻO ke koho maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana iā lākou i ka haukapila a i ʻole ka hale kūʻai lāʻau kokoke loa no ka hoʻolei ʻana.
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